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ODT Enhances Optical Tweezer Capabilities, Holographic Bioimaging
DAEJEON, South Korea, May 4, 2015 — A new optical diffraction tomography (ODT) technique can measure the positions of optically trapped particles in three dimensions at high speed. The method provides a more streamlined and precise way to locate and move microscopic particles than traditional optical tweezer approaches. Developed at the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), it also enables holographic analysis of the particles’ inner structures. Optical tweezers have been used to exert
Low-Energy Lasers Produce Microplasmas for Spectroscopy
ROCHESTER, N.Y., April 28, 2015 — Microplasma summoned out of thin air by low-energy laser pulses can be used as a source of broadband terahertz radiation for spectroscopy. Terahertz imaging needs only a narrow range of terahertz frequency to, for example, nondestructively look...
Sharper 3-D Laser Scanner Impervious to Ambient Light
EVANSTON, Ill., April 28, 2015 — Refining principles of 3-D sensing for video games, researchers at Northwestern University have developed a 3-D laser scanner that produces detailed images even in the presence of bright ambient light. The device is modeled after the human eye, and...
Raman Imager Speeds Cancer Detection
WEST LAFAYETTE, Ind., April 24, 2015 — A vibrational spectroscopic imaging technology that can take images of living cells could represent an advanced medical diagnostic tool for the early detection of cancer and other diseases. The electronic device is referred to as a 32-channel tuned...
Frequency Comb Has the ‘Teeth’ to Measure Terahertz Waves
PASADENA, Calif., April 24, 2015 — A frequency comb that generates and detects terahertz waves throughout a wide spectral range and with extreme precision could allow precise measurement of molecules in deep space. California Institute of Technology chemists combined commercially...
Fluorescent Ink Proposed as Anticounterfeiting Tool
EVANSTON, Ill., April 24, 2015 — Fluorescent inks could one day be used in multicolored barcodes to authenticate frequently counterfeited products. Developed by researchers at Northwestern University, the inks are invisible under normal light but reveal themselves under UV...
Angular Acceleration Observed in Helical Light Beams
JOHANNESBURG, April 23, 2015 — The orbital angular momentum of laser light traveling along a helical path through space can accelerate and decelerate as it spins into the distance. This is the first time that angular acceleration has been observed with light, according to...
Solar Nanowire-Bacteria Array Converts CO2 into Useful Chemicals
BERKELEY, Calif., April 23, 2015 — A new artificial photosynthesis process could be used to capture carbon dioxide emissions and convert them into plastics, drugs and fuels with help from sunlight. Scientists with the U.S. Department of Energy’s Lawrence Berkeley National...
Camera Powered by the Light It Captures
NEW YORK, April 15, 2015 — Absorbing solar energy one moment and capturing images the next, a prototype video camera is said to be the first that is entirely self-powered. Developed by researchers at Columbia University, the camera can produce an image each second,...
Acid-Free Fabrication Creates Longer-Lasting Flexible Displays
DAEGU, South Korea, April 14, 2015 — Hybrid organic-inorganic thin films for flexible displays can be created with a new technique that does without the corrosive acids used in conventional sol-gel fabrication. Developed by researchers at Kyungpook National University, the process...
Perovskite Nanowires Yield Efficient, Tunable Lasers
MADISON, Wis., April 13, 2015 — A “freshman-chemistry-level” technique for growing nanowires produces tunable lasers that are nearly 100 percent efficient. With low lasing thresholds and Q factors around 3600, these single-crystal lead halide perovskite nanowires could...
VA Researching LED Treatments to Battle Gulf War Illness
BOSTON, April 13, 2015 — Following promising findings obtained from a pilot program, researchers at the VA Boston Healthcare System are testing the effects of light therapy on brain function in veterans suffering from Gulf War Illness, also known as Gulf War Syndrome. The...
Camera-Based Monitoring of Vital Signs Improved
HOUSTON, April 8, 2015 — Refined signal processing allows video cameras to monitor vital signs regardless of ambient lighting and the subject’s skin color. A new algorithm developed by researchers at Rice University detects subtle variations in skin tone caused by...
NIR Hyperspectral Imaging Roots out Peanut Contamination
MADRID, April 7, 2015 — Near-infrared hyperspectral imaging could eliminate uncertainty for food producers required to include the warning “May contain peanuts” on their packaging. A team of researchers from Spain and France have adapted the technique to...
Plasmonic Nanodiscs Boost 2-D Material’s Light Emission
EVANSTON, Ill., April 7, 2015 — Augmenting molybdenum disulfide with plasmonic nanodiscs transforms the 2-D material into a promising light emitter. Researchers at Northwestern and Arizona State universities have found that a periodic array of 130-nm silver discs on top of a sheet...
Lidar Chip Offers Mobile 3-D Scanning
PASADENA, Calif., April 6, 2015 — A tiny lidar device could turn mobile phones into powerful 3-D scanning devices. Based on a silicon chip less than a square millimeter in size, the nanophotonic coherent imager (NCI) provides the highest depth-measurement accuracy of any such...
Reinvented Optical Gyroscope Smaller, More Sensitive
NEW YORK, April 2, 2015 — A new spin on optical gyroscope technology could allow the devices, which are crucial to satellite and rocket guidance, to increase in sensitivity while shrinking to about 10 μm in size. Researchers at the City University of New York and Yale...
Photopolymerization Approach Speeds 3-D Printing (with video)
CHAPEL HILL, N.C., April 1, 2015 — A new approach to 3-D printing uses photopolymerization to create useful objects like stents in minutes rather than hours. Continuous liquid interface production (CLIP) works by projecting UV light through an oxygen-permeable window into a liquid...
Plasmonic Modulators Could Work as Submicron Switches
NEW BRUNSWICK, N.J., March 30, 2015 — Nanomechanical plasmonic phase modulators could be used as optical switches with footprints smaller than one square micron, potentially allowing densely packed photonic chips. Researchers at Rutgers University and the National Institute of Standards...
Nanolaser Uses Atomically Thin Gain Medium
SEATTLE, March 26, 2015 — With potential for on-chip optical communications applications, a tungsten-based nanoscale laser operates reliably on a tiny amount of electricity. Developed by researchers at Washington and Stanford universities, the device incorporates a photonic...
Optogenetics Could Counteract Erectile Dysfunction
BASEL, Switzerland, March 24, 2015 — A gene construct that reacts to blue light could offer a drug-free alternative to men with erectile dysfunction. Researcher’s at ETH Zurich’s Department of Biosystems in Basel have tested the construct, which they call an erectile...
Pairing of Silicon, Perovskite Promising for Solar Efficiency
CAMBRIDGE, Mass., March 24, 2015 — A pairing of silicon and perovskite has the potential to achieve significantly higher solar energy conversion efficiencies than standard, single-junction silicon cells. A prototype tandem solar cell developed by researchers at MIT and Stanford...
Squid Skin Inspires IR Camouflage Tape (with video)
IRVINE, Calif., March 24, 2015 — A protein derived from squid skin could be adapted into a kind of IR camouflage for soldiers. Researchers from the University of California, Irvine, have developed an adhesive film that, when stretched, reflects near-infrared light. Future versions...
Honeycomb Steers Light around Sharp Curves
ORLANDO, Fla., March 20, 2015 — Microscale plastic honeycomb structures can make light beams turn on a dime, a development that could allow more optical relays to be packed onto photonic integrated chips. These spatially variant photonic crystals (SVPCs) were designed by...
Higher-Order Modes Speed Up Fiber Conveyor Belt (with video)
OKINAWA, Japan, March 19, 2015 — Evanescent waves bleeding out of optical fibers can be used to trap and move microparticles like a conveyor belt, a phenomenon that could be useful in drug delivery, cell research and even quantum computing. While the effect has been demonstrated...

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