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Research & Technology News

Microlaser Generates Microwatts
Nov 1, 2004 — Researchers at Riken, the Institute of Physical and Chemical Research in Wako, Japan, have demonstrated an approach to the construction of tiny lasers that is likely to find application in miniature photonic devices such as lab-on-a-chip chemical and biological analytical instrumentation. They believe that this development opens the possibility of multiwavelength arrays of miniature lasers for simultaneous analysis in different spectral regions. The researchers etched an ~800-µm chamber...
Nanoribbon Waveguides Suited for Photonic Circuits
Nov 1, 2004 — A team of researchers at the University of California, Berkeley, and at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory has demonstrated that crystalline oxide nanoribbon waveguides can be used with other nanowire optical components to create rudimentary...
Nanotube Films Suggest Alternative to ITO
Nov 1, 2004 — Transparent electrically conductive materials have found application in a variety of products, from solar cells and detectors to flat panel displays. Currently, indium tin oxide is the material of choice, but its brittleness has left researchers...
Photonic Bandgap Fiber Makes Unique Gas Sensor
Nov 1, 2004 — Many approaches to making gas sensors from optical fibers have been explored during the past 20 years, and scientists at Virginia Polytechnic Institute in Blacksburg recently developed a novel gas sensor based on a random-hole photonic crystal...
Photonic Crystal Fiber Laser Is Highly Polarized
Nov 1, 2004 — A collaboration at the University of Strathclyde in Glasgow, UK, and at Crystal Fibre A/S in Birkerød, Denmark, has resulted in what the experimenters believe is the first photonic crystal fiber laser whose highly polarized output is due to its...
Photonics Firms Benefit from ATP Awards
Nov 1, 2004 — The Advanced Technology Program (ATP) of the National Institute of Standards and Technology recently announced 32 awards to 43 companies. Selected from 870 proposals, several of which involve research in photonics and related technologies, the...
Quantum Mechanics Keeps Secrets Safe
Nov 1, 2004 — If you want to keep a secret, it helps to whisper. That's what researchers at NuCrypt LLC have demonstrated in a technique for quantum encryption that uses off-the-shelf components, runs at up to 650 Mb/s, is compatible with the existing...
Scanning Laser Produces 3-D Microstructures
Nov 1, 2004 — A team of engineers at Fraunhofer USA Center for Manufacturing Innovation and at the department of manufacturing engineering at Boston University, both in Boston, has reported the rapid fabrication of microfluidic structures using a scanning laser...
Tiny Tip Couples Diode Laser to Single-Mode Fiber
Nov 1, 2004 — The inefficient coupling of a diode laser's power into a single-mode fiber has been a major stumbling block in modern fiber optic telecommunications systems. These coupling losses are one of the motivations for the development of fiber lasers as...
Advances Lead to Miniature Supercontinuum Sources
Oct 1, 2004 — Supercontinuum sources are finding increasing use in applications that require a source with very broad spectral bandwidth and high spatial brightness. A common method of generating supercontinuum light has involved the coupling of the output from a...
An Organic Field-Effect Transistor Emits Ambipolar Light
Oct 1, 2004 — A new light-emitting field-effect transistor suggests the possibility of electrically pumped organic lasers, potentially prompting investigators to consider novel approaches to multifunctional field-effect devices. A group of researchers from the...
Cool Tunable Laser Suitable for Microscopy
Oct 1, 2004 — A team of scientists at the State University of New York at Albany in Colonie and at the New York state Department of Health in Albany has demonstrated an inexpensive excitation method for applications in confocal microscopy. The scientists exploit...
Efficient Side-Pumping Scheme Excites Short Fiber Lasers
Oct 1, 2004 — Fiber lasers based on low-melting-point glasses can accept much higher doping levels -- sometimes as high as 20 percent by weight -- than conventional silica-glass fiber lasers. Such high levels open the possibility of fiber lasers whose length is...
Femtosecond Lasers Fabricate Improved Optical Waveguides
Oct 1, 2004 — Many laboratories around the world are investigating the use of femtosecond lasers for fabricating optical waveguides. Recently, scientists in a US laboratory employed femtosecond lasers to create waveguides in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA),...
How to Save Fiber from 'The Fuse'
Oct 1, 2004 — Fiber fuse is a catastrophic effect that occurs when an imperfection in the fiber precipitates heating and the local temperature approaches 1000 °C. At that elevated temperature, laser radiation propagating through the fiber is strongly absorbed,...
Liquid Used as Lens for Miniature Cameras
Oct 1, 2004 — As cell phone cameras and other optical devices become smaller and smaller, the lenses become more complex. When the surface-to-volume ratio increases, so does friction, making it difficult to fabricate tiny lenses with moving parts. As a possible...
Mode-Locked Fiber Laser Emits Simultaneous Pulse Trains at Three Wavelengths
Oct 1, 2004 — Modern fiber optic telecommunications systems employ wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), in which multiple wavelengths of light carry information through the optical fibers. Although nearly all deployed systems use multiple transmitting lasers,...
Mode-Locked Laser Has Potential as OC-768 Transmitter
Oct 1, 2004 — A research group at Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Lincoln Laboratory in Lexington, Mass., has designed, built and operated a 40-GHz mode-locked hybrid fiber/semiconductor laser that has potential as the transmitter in next-generation...
Nanodots: No Assembly Required
Oct 1, 2004 — At North Carolina State University in Raleigh, two scientists have demonstrated a laser-assisted nanostructure self-assembly method that yields arrays of uniformly sized nickel nanodots in matrices of aluminum oxide and titanium nitride. They...
Polymer Holey-Fiber Laser Is Easy to Make
Oct 1, 2004 — Solid-state dye lasers, in which the dye is dissolved in a solid host rather than in a liquid solvent, have several advantages over conventional liquid dye lasers, including compactness, robustness and the absence of flammable and volatile organic...
Thermally Actuated Fabry-Perot Filter Tunes Across C- and L-Bands
Oct 1, 2004 — A tunable filter at the output of a semiconductor laser could tune the laser's output across a range of wavelengths. Such a tunable laser would be invaluable in fiber optic communications systems because it could not only reduce the number of spare...
DNA Forms Molecular Photonic Wire
Sep 1, 2004 — Scientists from the University of Bielefeld in Germany and the University of Twente in Enschede, the Netherlands, have demonstrated that standard fluorophores and strands of DNA may be combined to form molecular photonic wires that operate by...
Fiber Polarizer Utilizes Birefringence in Photonic Crystal Fiber
Sep 1, 2004 — Today's fiber optic systems, such as fiber lasers and fiber-based telecom networks, are often forced to use a combination of fiber and bulk optical components because many optical functions, such as polarizers, couplers, filters and mirrors, cannot...
Laser-Assisted Process Grows Sharp Tips
Sep 1, 2004 — Sharp tips coated with diamondlike carbon have potential applications in field-emitter arrays, scanning spreading resistance microscopy and nanofabrication techniques. Reporting in the Aug. 9 issue of Applied Physics Letters, researchers at the...
Lasers Induce Fast Spin Reorientation in Antiferromagnets
Sep 1, 2004 — Unlike common ferromagnets used in everything from compasses to spintronics, antiferromagnets still have fairly limited application potential, in part because of the lack of understanding of the magnetization process for such materials. Now...

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