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(9,094 items)
Research & Technology News
Star-Shaped Gold Nanoparticles Synthesized
May 1, 2006 — By modifying the synthesis protocol for gold nanorods, scientists at Rice University in Houston have produced gold particles 100 nm across with multiple tips that display multidirectional polarized scattering characteristics and a high dielectric sensitivity. Reported in the March 28 online issue of Nano Letters, the star-shaped nanoparticles may have applications in sensors and as microscopic labels in biological research. Courtesy of Jason H. Hafner. ©2006, American Chemical Society.
Thermal Gradient in Microfluidic Channel Creates a Waveguide
May 1, 2006 — Microfluidic devices — tiny fluid-flow systems with channels less than a millimeter wide — have become increasingly useful in biological and metrological applications. Much of their success stems from the fact that, like microelectronics,...
GTRI to Open Institute in Ireland
Apr 6, 2006 — The Georgia Tech Research Institute (GTRI), the applied research arm of the Georgia Institute of Technology, will establish its first research facility outside of the US -- in Athlone, Ireland -- to focus on digital media, radio frequency...
Alkali-Vapor Laser Multiplies Brightness of Diode Array
Apr 1, 2006 — Since the invention of the laser, one of its chief drawbacks has been low wall-plug efficiency. Nonetheless, early argon-ion and diffraction-limited Nd:YAG lasers, whose efficiencies seldom exceeded 10–3, were successful in some commercial...
Alternative Studied for Sensitizing TiO
2
to Visible Light
Apr 1, 2006 — To truly enable a transition to a global industrial system based on hydrogen rather than on fossil fuels will require the development of an efficient and environmentally friendly means of extracting hydrogen from feedstocks such as water. One...
Erbium Host Offers High Doping Levels, Flat Gain
Apr 1, 2006 — Researchers at the Universities of Nottingham and Sheffield in the UK and at Universidad de La Laguna on the island of Tenerife in Spain are investigating a new class of material as an erbium host for telecommunications applications. The material,...
Fiber Preforms Fabricated by ‘Core Suction’
Apr 1, 2006 — Adding to the variety of techniques for fabrication of optical fibers, scientists at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in Blacksburg and at Fisk University in Nashville, Tenn., have developed a method they call “core suction.” The...
Frequency-Doubled Diode Laser Emits More Than 100 mW of Green Light
Apr 1, 2006 — In yet another approach to dethroning the diode-pumped, frequency-doubled solid-state laser athe dominant design for rugged and efficient visible lasers (see previous article), scientists at Corning Inc. in Corning, N.Y., have explored directly...
High-Speed Particle Tracking Probes Turbulent Flows
Apr 1, 2006 — Scientists in the US and Europe have used a high-speed optical particle tracking technique to monitor how particle pairs separate and diffuse in highly turbulent fluid media. The work promises to improve models of phenomena as varied as the spread...
Laser Effect Used to Detect Particles in Suspension
Apr 1, 2006 — A team at Tokai University in Hiratsuka and Shizuoka, Japan, and from National Kaohsiung Normal University in Kaohsiung, Taiwan, has demonstrated that the intensity modulation in a laser can be used to estimate the size and concentration of organic...
Low-Cost Spectrometer Incorporates Spherical Beam Volume Hologram
Apr 1, 2006 — By exploiting a spherical beam volume hologram, researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta have devised an inexpensive spectrometer without sacrificing resolution. Ali Adibi, an associate professor in the School of Electrical and...
Mode-Locked Fiber Laser Oscillator Generates Multiwatt Output
Apr 1, 2006 — Laser users requiring multiwatt outputs from mode-locked lasers have been forced to resort to bulk lasers (i.e., those based on rods or slabs) or on complex and expensive master oscillator power amplifier fiber configurations. Recently, however,...
Nanorods Form Thin Films with Ultralow Refractive Index
Apr 1, 2006 — Devices based on interference from alternating layers of high- and low-index materials are ubiquitous in today’s photonics technology. Laser mirrors, antireflection coatings, fiber Bragg gratings and photonic bandgap fibers all employ the same basic...
Single-Photon Detectors Achieve 57 Percent Efficiency
Apr 1, 2006 — Researchers at MIT in Cambridge, Mass., at its Lincoln Laboratory in Lexington, Mass., and at Moscow State Pedagogical University have improved the detection efficiency of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors at 1550 nm from 17 percent...
Thin Layers of GaN Deposited on Synthetic Diamond Substrates
Apr 1, 2006 — Besides being a girl’s best friend, diamonds could be a pretty good pal of ultrabright LEDs and laser diodes — provided a new material from Group4 Labs LLC of Menlo Park, Calif., is used successfully in products. The company has devised a way to...
Up-Conversion Laser Produces Nearly 1 W
Apr 1, 2006 — Intracavity frequency doubling of diode-pumped solid-state lasers has been for many years the favored approach to creating solid-state lasers with visible outputs. Dozens of commercial products are on the market, with applications such as medical...
Variable-Focus Liquid Lens Relies on Fluid Pressure
Apr 1, 2006 — Mobile phones may eventually take better pictures, thanks to a team from the Institute of Materials Research and Engineering in Singapore. The group demonstrated a variable-focus lens by using pressure to shape a liquid interface. The technique...
News Briefs (March 9, 2006)
Mar 9, 2006 — Krisztina Holly, formerly executive director of the Deshpande Center for Technological Innovation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and a technology startup veteran, has been named executive director of the USC Mark and Mary Stevens...
RIT Opens Collaborative Research Center
Mar 6, 2006 — ROCHESTER, N.Y., March 6, 2006 -- The IT Collaboratory, a research collaboration among the Rochester Institute of Technology, the University at Buffalo and Alfred University, officially moved into a new facility with the formal dedication on Friday...
Universities to Get $150M for Research
Mar 6, 2006 — WASHINGTON, March 6, 2006 -- The Department of Defense (DoD) announced it will award 30 basic research grants to 20 universities totaling about $13.5 million in fiscal year 2006 and about $30.2 million per year starting in fiscal year 2007 for a...
Bistability in Microring May Facilitate Optical Packet Switching
Mar 1, 2006 — All-optical routing of digital data in fiber optic telecommunications systems will require optically activated switches capable of directing incoming optical pulses into one of two or more output fibers (see “Toward Optical Packet Switching,” page...
Carbon Nanotubes Incorporated into Backlight Design
Mar 1, 2006 — Scientists at Tatung University in Taipei, Taiwan, have produced a light panel that uses carbon nanotubes in the electrodes. The low-power plasma source has potential applications as a backlight for flat panel displays such as LCDs. LCDs are...
Efficient, Compact Laser Generates 40 mW of Yellow Output
Mar 1, 2006 — As more and more applications have turned to diode-pumped solid-state lasers, one important region of the visible spectrum has proved especially challenging. Applications requiring yellow light — such as ophthalmology and dermatology — have for the...
Fiber Laser Has Helical Core for High Single-Mode Power
Mar 1, 2006 — As laser designers seek ever-higher powers from single-mode fiber lasers, they encounter a fundamental roadblock. A small core in a fiber laser forces single-mode oscillation, but the spatial intensity in a small-core, high-power laser is great...
Folded Spectrometer Offers Range, Resolution and Speed
Mar 1, 2006 — Spectrometer design usually involves compromises among acquisition time, spectral resolution and wavelength range. A spectrometer that was developed at Fudan University in Shanghai, China, using a two-dimensional back-thinned silicon CCD has...
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