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Materials, Coatings News
2D Material Takes on Chirality of Circularly Polarized Light
CAMBRIDGE, Mass., March 2, 2020 — Physicists at MIT have uncovered a new way to test whether or not a material is chiral, and have also found a way to enhance the overall chirality in a large piece of material. The material they used, titanium diselenide (TiSe2), is a transition-metal dichalcogenide (TMD) semimetal that has potential use in quantum devices. The researchers achieved optical chiral induction in TiSe2 by shining light on the material while cooling it below a critical temperature. They observed that although
Materials Integrated with Silicon Photonics Manipulate Light Phase at Low Loss
NEW YORK, March 2, 2020 — A Columbia University team used a 2D material from the transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) class to control the phase of light without changing its amplitude or depleting its power. By placing the atomically thin material on top of passive silicon...
Organic Nanomaterials and Metal Particles Could Mean Better Batteries
BUSAN, South Korea, Feb. 28, 2020 — Researchers from the National Korea Maritime and Ocean University have developed a method for adding metals to organic materials that they claim is simple, safe, and cost-effective. The method will allow the production of sodium-ion batteries, an...
Weeklong Bootcamp Provides Hands-On Experience in Integrated Photonics
CAMBRIDGE, Mass., Feb. 27, 2020 — A January weeklong integrated photonics bootcamp, offered by MIT as part of its work with the manufacturing institute AIM Photonics, provided students with the opportunity to solve problems using lab equipment to test passive photonic chips,...
Optics, Chemistry, Materials Sciences Use Light to Manipulate Light
PITTSBURGH, Feb. 26, 2020 — Researchers from the University of Pittsburgh’s Swanson School of Engineering, Harvard University, and McMaster University have revealed a hydrogel that can respond to optical stimuli and modify the stimuli in response. A convergence of...
QD Solar Cells Realize 16.6% Power Conversion Efficiency
BRISBANE, Australia, Feb. 25, 2020 — Researchers at the University of Queensland (UQ) are harnessing the properties of quantum dots (QDs) to make solar cells that capture a wider range of light for energy, are more stable in their energy production, and can be applied to curved...
Printable Photodiodes Could Be Used for Visible Light Communication
KARLSRUHE, Germany, Feb. 24, 2020 — A team at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) has demonstrated a multichannel visible light communication system based on an organic photodetector array capable of demultiplexing optical signals without the need for additional optical filters....
Sensor Uses Quantum Entanglement to Detect Magnetic Excitation
TOKYO, Feb. 21, 2020 — Using the principle of quantum entanglement, scientists at the University of Tokyo’s Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST) demonstrated the coupling of a millimeter-size magnetic sphere with a sensor and showed that the...
2D Material Structures Can Emit Customized Light in Desired Color
GENEVA, Feb. 21, 2020 — Some atomically thin 2D materials can emit customizable light in the color desired when the materials are combined together to create an “artificial semiconductor.” The discovery, made by researchers at the University of Geneva (UNIGE)...
Sequestering Lead in Perovskite Cells Could Make Them Safer for Photovoltaics
DEKALB, Ill., Feb. 20, 2020 — Many high-performing hybrid perovskite solar cells contain water-dissolvable lead, raising concerns over potential leakage from damaged cells. A new technique to sequester the lead used to make the cells could make them more practical for use in...
Optoelectronic Superstructure Could Be Applied in Neuromorphic Computing
ORLANDO, Fla., Feb. 20, 2020 — University of Central Florida (UCF) researchers have taken a step toward developing neuromorphic computers — computers that mimic neurobiological architectures present in the human nervous system — by demonstrating how to create a...
Blue-Emitting Diode Shows Limitations and Promise of Perovskite Semiconductors
BERKELEY, Calif., Feb. 18, 2020 — Scientists at the University of California, Berkeley, have created a blue light-emitting diode (LED) from halide perovskite, a new semiconductor material said to be cheap and easy to manufacture, overcoming a barrier that had previously prevented...
Graphene Formed Under Microscope Is Small Enough for Electronics
HOUSTON, Feb. 18, 2020 — Scientists at Rice University; the University of Tennessee, Knoxville (UT Knoxville); and Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) used a small, visible beam mounted to a scanning electron microscope (SEM) to form laser-induced graphene (LIG), a...
Tandem Solar Cell Demonstrates 29.15% Efficiency
KAUNAS, Lithuania, Feb. 13, 2020 — Scientists at Kaunas University of Technology (KTU) have achieved 29.15% efficiency in a solar cell made of perovskite and silicon. This value was certified by the CalLab of the Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems. It represents a new...
Laser-Printed Plasmonic Arrays Boost IR Emission of Colloidal Quantum Dots
VLADIVOSTOK, Russia, Feb. 7, 2020 — Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) that emit light in the near- and mid-infrared (IR) spectral ranges have the potential to power a range of optical devices. However, fundamental physical limitations decrease the intensity of IR-emitting QDs. At...
Researchers Synthesize Nanosize Semiconductors in a Plasmonic Nanoantenna
SAPPORO, Japan, Feb. 7, 2020 — Researchers at Hokkaido University have developed an approach to placing nanoscale semiconductors on metallic particles that is precise and cost-effective. Heat is localized on a gold nanoparticle within a butterfly-shaped nanostructure. The heat...
1D Analogs of 2D Heterostructures Could Find Multiple Applications
TOKYO, Feb. 6, 2020 — Technological devices are becoming smaller and more feature-rich in part because scientists are exploring new materials and new ways to use existing materials. One area being investigated by materials scientists is the function of flat...
Light-Responsive Material Could Provide Basis for All-Optical Computing
HAMILTON, Ontario, Feb. 6, 2020 — A platform that could potentially be used for all-optical computing has been developed through a collaboration between researchers at McMaster University and the Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS). The...
FS-Laser-Based Technology Creates Solar Power Generators
ROCHESTER, N.Y., Feb. 5, 2020 — A University of Rochester research team has demonstrated that the laser-based technology it used to create unsinkable metallic structures can also be used to create highly efficient solar power generators. The researchers used femtosecond (fs) laser...
Less Complex Approach to Laser Pulse Measurement Provides Precise Information
VIENNA, Jan. 31, 2020 — Until now, a complex experimental setup was required to measure the shape of a laser lightwave with a high degree of accuracy. This measurement can now be done using a small crystal with a diameter of less than 1 mm. The new method, developed by...
Photoluminescent Polymer Detects Stress Quickly
ONNA, Japan, Jan. 30, 2020 — A new stress-detecting polymer that shines brighter when stretched could be used to measure the performance of synthetic polymers and track deterioration in materials that are used in engineering and construction. Scientists from the Okinawa...
New Metahologram Design Created
POHANG, South Korea, Jan. 29, 2020 — A multifunctional meta-hologram design, developed by researchers at Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), can be used to create different hologram images depending on the direction of the incident light that falls on the device....
Way to Generate OAM Pulses in UV Range Could Help in Materials Research
MOSCOW, Jan. 27, 2020 — Scientists from the Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology (Skoltech), in collaboration with researchers from the Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics and the Helmholtz Institute, have proposed a way to generate intense, short,...
Light-Based Chemistry Could Increase Energy Density of a Renewable Fuel
LOS ALAMOS, N.M., Jan. 27, 2020 — Researchers at Los Alamos National Laboratory used photochemical [2 + 2] cycloaddition to upgrade biomass-derived acetone — common nail polish remover — to higher-mass hydrocarbons, and produced a product that can be blended with...
Photosensitizer Design Absorbs Low-Energy Light, Transfers Energy Efficiently
SAPPORO, Japan, Jan. 23, 2020 — Researchers at Hokkaido University, working with colleagues in Japan to develop a photosensitizer design that could use low-energy light effectively, developed a design that made the rare earth element europium (Eu) shine five times more brightly...
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July 2024
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