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Algorithm Speeds Lidar Assessment of Landslide Risk
CORVALLIS, Ore., Nov. 21, 2014 — Computer algorithms could turn lidar surveying systems into powerful tools for assessing and potentially preventing landslides. Created by researchers at Oregon State University and George Mason University, the Contour Connection Method (CCM) and is based on lidar data and requires minimal user input. The developers say it can analyze and classify landslide risk in an area of 50 or more square miles in about 30 minutes, a task that would otherwise take an expert several
Metamaterial Polarizing Filter Brightens LCDs, Photos
SALT LAKE CITY, Nov. 21, 2014 — Polarizers are vital for LCDs and photography, but they waste energy by blocking enormous amounts of light. A new filter skirts this obstacle. A team from the University of Utah developed the polarizing filter, which allows more light in to increase...
Invisibility Cloak Uses Ordinary Lenses
ROCHESTER, N.Y., Nov. 20, 2014 — Invisibility cloaks could be a step closer to reality, thanks to a new device that uses readily available materials to cloak objects across a wide range of angles. Researchers at the University of Rochester have developed a combination of four...
Laser Delves Deep into Prehistoric Environments
BREMEN, Germany, Nov. 19, 2014 — A look back via laser into sedimentary organic matter that accumulated on the sea floor could shed light on past climates and environments for a better understanding of the future. A new technique, developed by a team at the University of...
Nonlinear Microscopy Measures Effects of Laser Skin Surgery
FLORENCE, Italy, Nov. 19, 2014 — The effects of laser-based skin-tightening plastic surgery can be obvious to the naked eye, but harder to examine below the surface and at the microscale without a biopsy. A team from the University of Florence and other Italian institutions has...
Image Correlation Helps Optimize Laser-Based 3-D Printing
LIVERMORE, Calif., Nov. 18, 2014 — Digital image correlation (DIC) analysis could help prevent warping of metal parts made via laser-based additive manufacturing. Researchers at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory used the technique to find correlations between the power and speed...
Providence Photonics Receives EPA Grant for Flare Monitor Commercialization
WASHINGTON, Nov. 17, 2014 — Providence Photonics in Baton Rouge, La., has been awarded a $2.7 million Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) grant from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to commercialize its flare efficiency monitoring system. The system allows...
Stimulating Light Receptors Relaxes Blood Vessels
BALTIMORE, Nov. 17, 2014 — A blood vessel receptor that responds to light could aid more effective treatment of vascular diseases and other medical conditions. A team led by Johns Hopkins Medicine discovered the receptor, which causes blood vessels to relax in response to...
New Class of Material Simulated in Laser Trap
ZURICH, Nov. 14, 2014 — Laser “honeycombs” have enabled the simulation of theoretical materials with curious properties. By aligning multiple laser beams in such a way that they create standing waves with a hexagonal pattern, a team from ETH Zurich’s...
Laser Detects Methane Leaks
FREIBURG, Germany, Nov. 13, 2014 — A new laser system can detect biogas and natural gas that escape through leaks in gas lines or fermenters at biogas plants. A team led by the Fraunhofer Institute for Physical Measurement Techniques IPM developed the system, which can reveal leaked...
Laser Trap Studies Asthma Drug’s Journey from Inhaler to Lung
CAMBRIDGE, England, Nov. 13, 2014 — More efficient asthma treatments could be possible thanks to a laser “trap” that examines how drug particles expelled from inhalers behave as they enter the respiratory tract.
MIR Laser Creates High-Flux X-Ray Pulses
VIENNA, Nov. 13, 2014 — Studying time-dependent incidents on short timescales requires femtosecond, high-flux x-ray pulses. A new high-intensity mid-infrared laser system accomplishes this challenging feat.
Brain Studies Advance Neural Mapping, Axon Control
ARLINGTON, Texas, Nov. 12, 2014 — Probing the brain with lasers could not only advance understanding of the organ, but also help heal it.
Drugs Enhance SPECT Imaging of Metastatic Cancer
NEW YORK, Nov. 12, 2014 — New drugs that bind to metastatic prostate cancer in soft tissue, lymph nodes and bone can enhance SPECT and planar imaging.
Shifting Modes Enable Free-Space Optical Communication
VIENNA, Nov. 12, 2014 — Twisted beams of light have been used to transmit images through the air over 3 km, demonstrating significant data-carrying capacity of light in free-space communications. A team from the Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI),...
Phosphorescent Bandage Helps Wound Assessment
CAMBRIDGE, Mass., Nov. 11, 2014 — A “smart” bandage can indicate oxygen concentration in severely damaged tissue, potentially increasing the success rate of surgeries to restore limbs and physical functions. With wounded soldiers in mind, a team from the Wellman Center...
Canada to Foster Quantum Photonics Collaborations
OTTAWA, Ontario, Canada, Nov. 7, 2014 — Canada’s National Research Council has set out on a mission to foster development of next-generation photonic sensors and quantum encryption systems. The Quantum Photonic Sensing and Security program is aimed forming partnerships to translate...
Handheld Probe Combines Photoacoustics, Ultrasound
ENSCHEDE, Netherlands, Nov. 7, 2014 — A new handheld imaging system that combines photoacoustics and ultrasound produces real-time, detailed images of blood vessels, internal organs and body parts.
Light Damps 2-D Semiconductor Conductivity
CAMBRIDGE, Mass., Nov. 7, 2014 — While light enhances the conductivity of most semiconductors, it has the opposite effect on 2-D molybdenum disulfide. A team from MIT and Harvard University discovered the phenomenon, in which intense laser pulses reduced by about two-thirds the...
Software Offers Panoramic Views for Endoscopy
ERLANGEN, Germany, Nov. 7, 2014 — A software program that fuses together endoscope images could offer a fuller internal view of organs to better diagnose cancer and other ailments. The program — Endorama — developed by researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for...
Sunlight, Nanoparticles Break Down Pollutants
WEST BENGAL, India, Nov. 6, 2014 — A class of pollutants that negatively affect hormones can be broken down using nanoparticles and sunlight. Researchers from the Center for Advanced Materials at the Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science developed the method, which...
$1.2M Grant Advances Metal-Organic Frameworks for Solar Cells
LIVERMORE, Calif., Nov. 5, 2014 — A $1.2 million grant from the U.S. Department of Energy’s SunShot Initiative will help researchers at Sandia National Laboratories develop materials that could make solar power cost-competitive with other sources of energy. The work builds on...
Photoacoustics Exposes Arterial Plaques
WEST LAFAYETTE, Ind., Nov. 5, 2014 — Measuring ultrasound signals generated by a fast-pulsing laser could advance diagnosis of cardiovascular disease. A new technique called intravascular photoacoustic imaging takes precise 3-D images of plaques lining arteries and reveals the presence...
Subwavelength Optical Fiber Sensitive to Sound
PARIS, Nov. 5, 2014 — Subwavelength optical fibers that produce a newly identified type of Brillouin light scattering could guide the development of highly sensitive sensors.
Seven-Core Fiber Achieves Record 255 Tb/s Transmission
EINDHOVEN, Netherlands, Nov. 4, 2014 — A new type of optical fiber has 21 times more bandwidth than is available in existing communications networks, potentially cutting the impending “optical transmission capacity crunch” off at the pass. A team from Eindhoven University of...

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