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Research & Technology News

Laser Method Would Heat Fusion Materials Faster
LONDON, Nov. 16, 2016 — Directly targeting ions with lasers could heat certain materials to 1 KeV — equivalent to more than 10 million °F — in 20 fs, or 100 times faster than previously demonstrated. The method, proposed by researchers from Imperial College London, could advance the study of thermonuclear fusion, which seeks to replicate the sun's ability to produce energy. Other potential applications include proton imaging, cancer therapies and materials science. When lasers are used to
Optofluidic Systems Detect Ebola, Flu Viruses
SANTA CRUZ, Calif., Nov. 16, 2015 — A chip-scale hybrid device integrates a microfluidic chip for sample preparation and an optofluidic chip for optical detection of Ebola and other viral pathogenic RNA molecules. A small, dedicated optofluidic chip was also demonstrated for the...
Application Note: Temperature-Controlled Stages Avoid Heat Damage to Cells
BRISTOL, England, Nov. 13, 2015 — Temperature-controlled stages have been used to fend off heat damage to cells caused by illumination in correlative light and electron microscopy (CLEM) experiments. A research group at the University of Bristol used stages from Linkam Scientific...
Osram Will Invest €3B in LED Chip Plant, R&D Projects
MUNICH, Nov. 13, 2015 — Osram Licht AG plans to invest &euro3 billion (about $3.22 billion) in LED and laser lighting technologies and applications by 2020. “Following a phase of strategic realignment, we are now launching the ‘Diamond’ innovation and...
Nanotweezers Increase Velocity of Particle Transport
WEST LAFAYETTE, Ind., Nov. 12, 2015 — Nanotweezers that exploit plasmonics, heat and an electrical field flow overcome previous limitations caused by weak convection properties. The nanotweezer system uses a nanoantenna to concentrate and absorb light, creating plasmonic hotspots, which...
Sir Richard Friend Awarded for Plastic Electronics Contributions
WARRENDALE, Pa., Nov. 12, 2015 — Sir Richard H. Friend is the recipient of the 2015 Von Hippel Award for his pioneering research on polymeric semiconducting materials, which has helped drive advances in LED and solar cell technology. In the 1980s, Friend initiated a research...
'Golden Window' Eyed for Deeper Tissue Imaging
NEW YORK, Nov. 12, 2015 — Longer wavelengths in the near-infrared range may offer a "golden window" for noninvasive but deep imaging of brain and breast tissue, City College of New York researchers have proposed. Current one- and two-photon fluorescence imaging techniques...
Plasmonic Absorbers Capture Specific Wavelengths
DURHAM, N.C., Nov. 11, 2015 — An experimental fabrication technique has created perfect absorbers for small bands of the electromagnetic spectrum from visible light through the near-infrared. The technique could allow advanced thermal imaging systems to be produced more quickly...
'Invisible' Graphene Layer Protects Nanowires from Radiation Damage
WEST LAFAYETTE, Ind., Nov. 10, 2015 — Wrapping silver nanowires in a one-atom-thick layer of graphene protects the structures from radiation damage that has historically prevented their use on a commercial scale. "The damage occurs in medical imaging, in space applications and just from...
Optogenetics Pioneers Ed Boyden, Karl Deisseroth, Gero Miesenböck Garner International Research Prizes
SAN FRANCISCO and MAINZ, Germany, Nov. 10, 2015 — Three optogenetics researchers have been recognized with international awards for their pioneering work on controlling cells with light. Ed Boyden, of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Karl Deisseroth, of Stanford University and the...
Plastic Fluorescence Microscope Brings Diagnostic Care to Rural Poor
HOUSTON, Nov. 9, 2015 — A miniature plastic digital fluorescence microscope that can quantify white blood cell levels in patients aims to improve disease detection in rural parts of the world. The inexpensive point-of-care device examines blood smears, allowing health care...
NASA Exploring Freeform Optics for Compact Space Telescopes
GREENBELT, Md., Nov. 6, 2015 — Freeform optics technology allows telescope mirrors to take almost any shape, potentially improving image quality over a larger field of view. Prompted by advances in computer-controlled fabrication and testing, NASA engineers are now using freeform...
Laser-Machined Microresonators Offer Efficient SHG
SHANGHAI, Nov. 6, 2015 — Femtosecond laser micromachining and other processes can create smaller optical resonators out of lithium niobate (LN), potentially allowing their integration into chip-scale sensors. Whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) microresonators developed at the...
Algorithm Adds 3rd Dimension to Standard Video
CAMBRIDGE, Mass., Nov. 6, 2015 — By exploiting the graphics-rendering software that powers sports video games, researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and the Qatar Computing Research Institute (QCRI) have developed a system that automatically converts 2D...
Lotus Leaf-Based Metamaterial Capable of Near-Total Light Absorption
TOKYO, Nov. 5, 2015 — An experimental biometamaterial fabricated using a lotus leaf as a template is capable of almost total absorption of light across the entire visible spectrum. Researchers from the Tokyo and Shibaura institutes of technology in Japan hypothesized...
Changing Frequency Speeds Phosphor Light Emission
PROVIDENCE, R.I., Nov. 4, 2015 — A technique for controlling light from phosphors at very high speeds could overcome the materials' slow optical performance, potentially enabling their use in optical communications. Phosphors are common light emitters used in light bulbs, LEDs and...
Carinthian Research Center Wins €700K Contract for Laser Rocket Ignition Research
VILLACH, Austria, Nov. 4, 2015 — The European Space Agency (ESA) has awarded to CTR Carinthian Tech Research AG a contract worth about €700,000 (about $760,000). Under the contract, CTR will further develop its HiPoLas laser ignition technology for launcher drive systems to...
Record-Setting Phototransistor is Flexible and Sensitive
MADISON, Wis., Nov. 3, 2015 — Inspired by mammals' eyes, a record-setting phototransistor could improve the performance of myriad products — from digital cameras, night-vision goggles and smoke detectors to surveillance systems and satellites — that rely on...
German Partnership to Modify Laser Welding for Shipbuilding
HANNOVER, Germany, Nov. 3, 2015 — The nonprofit research institute Lazer Zentrum Hannover eV (LZH) will work with industry partners and scientists to solve the challenges of joining steel and aluminum in maritime construction. To that end, the Laser Welding of Steel to Aluminum for...
Efficient Spectroscopic Imaging Demonstrated In Vivo
WEST LAFAYETTE, Ind., Nov. 2, 2015 — Although optical spectroscopy is routinely used study molecules in cell samples, it is currently not practical to perform in vivo. Now, a converted Raman spectroscopy system has been used to reveal the chemical composition of living tissues in...
Optogenetics Probes Create Their Own Light
ATLANTA, Nov. 2, 2015 — A novel class of proteins that create their own light could improve the versatility, scalability and practicality of optogenetics. Researchers at Emory University and the Georgia Institute of Technology have developed inhibitory luminopsins (short...
Study: NIR Light Effective in Treating Traumatic Brain Injury
DENVER, Nov. 2, 2015 — A longitudinal study has revealed near-infrared light to be an effective treatment for traumatic brain injury, a condition which brings over 2.5 million individuals to the emergency room each year. Carried out from 2011 to 2013, the study involved...
Lasercom System Also Measures Distance, Speed
GREENBELT, Md., Oct. 30, 2015 — Lasers used in space communications could also be used to make precise distance and speed measurements, benefitting spacecraft navigation. Called the Space Optical Communication and Navigation System, the breadboard technology is made up of...
Entanglement Effect Doubles Laser Beam Data Capacity
NEW YORK, Oct. 29, 2015 — Beams from ordinary laser pointers can be made to mimic the phenomenon of quantum entanglement, potentially doubling the amount of data they can carry. Physicists from The City College of New York, Herriot-Watt University in Scotland and Corning...
Spectroscopy Elucidates Solar Singlet Fission
CAMBRIDGE, England, Oct. 28, 2015 — Better understanding of singlet fission, an electrical process triggered by light in some materials, could enable solar cells twice as efficient as those used today. An international team led by researchers at the University of Cambridge, used...

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