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Photon-Based Heat Transport May Advance Quantum Computing
AALTO, Finland, Feb. 11, 2016 — A thermal-transport method that uses photons as carriers has been demonstrated over 1-m distances. The fundamental advance in heat conduction could drive the development of quantum computers. Artistic rendering of quantum-limited heat conduction of photons over macroscopic distances. Courtesy of Heikka Valja. The successful operation of a quantum computer requires efficient cooling mechanisms. At the same time, a quantum computer is prone to errors caused by external noise. The
Far-Infrared Technique Noninvasively Measures Blood Glucose
TOHOKU, Japan, Feb. 10, 2016 — A light-based method for measuring blood glucose may give diabetes patients the daily monitoring they need without the pain and infection risk of conventional metering. Researchers from Tohoku University's Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering,...
Camera Overcomes Redshift for Astronomical Imaging
BERKELEY, Calif., Feb. 9, 2016 — Upgraded light sensors have enabled a camera to image outer space at red wavelengths that are too red for the human eye to see. Star trails take shape around Kitt Peak National Observatory in this long-exposure image. The 4-m Mayall Telescope...
Optical Nanomodulator Produces Truly Digital Signals
ZURICH, Feb. 9, 2016 — Responding to the rapidly rising rate and volume of data, an optical modulator that operates at the individual-atom level could both reduce the size of and increase the efficiency of communication networks. The switch is based on the voltage-induced...
Wasp-Inspired Needle Could Advance Spectroscopy for Disease Detection
LONDON, Feb. 8, 2016 — A robotic surgical system inspired by the anatomy of wood-boring wasps could be used in Raman spectroscopy to detect cancerous and diseased tissue. The wasp-inspired robotic needle is bendable, enabling it to access hard-to-reach areas deep in...
Silicon Metamaterials Hold Promise for Photonic Circuits, Chips
WEST LAFAYETTE, Ind., Feb. 5, 2016 — As data transmission technology seeks miniaturization, all-diaelectric, a silicon-based metamaterials may offer the necessary control of light through achievement of total internal reflectance. Researchers from Purdue University seek to engineer...
Label-Free Virus Detection Method Integrates Optical Microscope, Fiber
JENA, Germany, Feb. 4, 2016 — A label-free technique has demonstrated the ability to detect freely diffusing viruses smaller than 20 nm. Although existing methods for detecting viruses such as confocal or fluorescence microscopy — which generally involve fixation and...
Transmitter Converts Electronic to Optical Signals
VILLARCEAUX, France, Feb. 4, 2016 — A bandwidth variable transmitter (BVT) that converts electronic signals to optical signals and featuring works without service interruptions, an advantage known as being "hitless." The transmitter’s bandwidth can also be adjust for varying...
LZH Launches 3 Hybrid Numerical Optics Research Projects
HANOVER, Germany, Feb. 3, 2016 — Nonprofit research institute Laser Zentrum Hannover e.V. (LZH) is working on three subprojects in the new research priority, Hybrid Numerical Optics, of the Hannover Centre for Optical Technologies (HOT) at Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University...
NASA to Build Integrated Photonics Modem for Laser Communications
GREENBELT, Md., Feb. 3, 2016 — An integrated photonics modem will be tested aboard the International Space Station beginning in 2020 as part of NASA’s multiyear Laser Communications Relay Demonstration (LCRD). The cell phone-sized device incorporates optics-based functions,...
Self-Assembling Fabrication Method Offers Alternative to Photolithography
CAMBRIDGE, Mass., Feb. 2, 2016 — Block copolymers — molecules that spontaneously self-assemble into useful shapes — are a promising alternative to photolithography techniques for manufacturing nanoscale circuits. Researchers from the Massachusetts Institute of...
Triplet Exciton Energy Transfer Extends Lifetime
RALEIGH, N.C., Feb. 1, 2016 — A demonstration of the transfer of triplet exciton energy from semiconductor nanocrystals to surface-bound molecular acceptors has extended the lifetime of the originally prepared excited state by six orders of magnitude. The finding has...
Flexible Polymer Offers Tunable Transparency
CAMBRIDGE, Mass., Jan. 29, 2016 — An experimental, rubber-like polymer structure has been used to model predictions of material transparency based on thickness and degree of structure. The material and predictive model could enable inexpensive materials for smart windows and other...
Glass Material Could Protect Electronics from UV Damage in Space
GUANGZHOU, China, Jan. 28, 2016 — A novel fabrication method has produced glass that protects living cells and organic dyes from UV damage, and could be used to shield electronics in space from the detrimental effects of UV radiation. Researchers from South China University of...
UV, NIR Light Enable Targeted Drug Delivery
MONTREAL, Jan. 27, 2016 — A nanotherapy that converts near-infrared light to UV light may mitigate side effects caused by drug regimens that can damage healthy cells. Researchers from McGill University and the University of Quebec demonstrated the technique using...
EUV Laser Enables Nanoscale, 3D Imaging of Cells
FORT COLLINS, Colo., Jan. 26, 2016 — A mass-spectral imaging system that integrates a EUV laser has enabled the mapping of cellular compositions in 3D, allowing researchers to watch how cells respond to medications at the nanoscale. In addition to observing how cells respond to new...
Extreme Light Consortium Strategizes Infrastructure Implementation
BRUSSELS, Jan. 26, 2016 — At the annual General Assembly of the Extreme Light Infrastructure Delivery Consortium (ELI-DC) in Brussels, members made significant decisions and outlined the work ahead of it, namely the implementation of a significant R&D project in the new...
Photobioelectrochemical Cells Converted for Solar Collection
JERUSALEM, Jan. 26, 2016 — A fabrication method based on natural photosynthetic reactions could enable the conjugation of photobioelectrochemical cells to photobioelectrocatalytic solar cells. The design of photobioelectrochemical cells based on native photosynthetic...
NIR-Activated Nanoparticle Therapy Suppresses Tumors
BOSTON, Jan. 25, 2016 — A nanoparticle drug-delivery system that combines photodynamic and molecular therapies has been shown to suppress tumor progress and metastatic outgrowth in animal models. The complementary treatment could improve outcomes and mitigate toxicity for...
Optical Feed System Achieves 60-W Power Over 300 M
TOKYO, Jan. 25, 2016 — An optical feed system using double-clad fibers has been demonstrated to supply 60-W power over a 300-m optical fiber system. The setup could enable future small-cell mobile communications. Delivered optical feed power and power transmission...
Defects Could Boost Silicon Solar Cell Performance
GOLDEN, Colo., Jan. 22, 2016 — The efficiency of silicon solar cells could be improved by specific defects that boost carrier collection out of the cell or improve passivation of the absorber layer. Scientists at the Energy Department's National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)...
Graphene Enables Nanoelectromechanical Systems Integration
BARCELONA, Spain, Jan. 21, 2016 — Combining nanoelectromechanical (NEMS) systems with on-chip optics holds promise as a method to actively control light at the nanoscale, and now a hybrid system has overcome the challenges of integrating such nanoscale devices with optical fields...
Standard Heatsinks Efficiently Cool Plasmonic Components
MOSCOW, Russia, Jan. 21, 2016 — A cooling system using high-performance thermal interfaces has been used to mitigate the heat generated in optoelectronic chips. Self-heating of active plasmonics, which limits achievable optical gain, has been a barrier to the development of...
Photoactivated QDs Kill Antibiotic-Resistant ‘Superbugs’
BOULDER, Colo., Jan. 20, 2016 — A technique for treating bacterial infections has successfully used light-activated quantum dots (QDs) to kill multiple multidrug-resistant strains. The approach is adaptive to constantly evolving drug-resistant bacteria and avoids damage to...
Hole-Transport Material Advances Perovskite PV Systems
LAUSANNE, Switzerland, Jan. 19, 2016 — A solar panel material has achieved 20.2 percent power-conversion efficiency while reducing the costs of photovoltaic systems. A 3D illustration of fluorine-dithiophene molecules on a surface of perovskite crystals. Courtesy of Svein M. Hein/EPFL....

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