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Research & Technology News

Optogenetic Technique Rapidly Screens for Cardiac Drug Safety
WASHINGTON, D.C., June 3, 2016 — An optogenetic technique has been used to make cardiac cells beat and optically measure their response, enabling an automated drug-testing process called OptoDyCE.
Capasso Lab Reports Planar Metalens Designed
CAMBRIDGE, Mass., June 2, 2016 — Materials science has made a great leap forward towards replacing glass lenses with metasurface materials that are practical to manufacture and produce aberration-free, subwavelength-resolution images. The planar metalens could replace traditional...
Prototype Single-Lens Camera Improves Multispectral Imaging
DRESDEN, Germany, June 2, 2016 — A low-cost camera produces congruent images for two spectral ranges using multiple detectors through a single lens. The prototype has been shown to provide easier post-production of imaging data than existing multispectral imaging systems. The...
Ultrathin TLA Materials Could Broaden IR Applications
SYDNEY, June 1, 2016 — Ultrathin gratings composed of common materials were shown to increase the absorption efficiency of light to almost 99 percent when thin grooves were etched into the film, directing the light sideways. The semiconductor materials are compatible with...
Scanning Lasers Explored for Road Material Inspection
ARLINGTON, Texas, June 1, 2016 — Scanning lasers are being investigated as a tool to measure microtexture of aggregates used in asphalt and concrete mixtures, and could someday replace the camera-based systems used by transportation agencies today. University of Texas at Arlington...
Laser Bonding Strengthens Carbon Fiber Joints
OAK RIDGE, Tenn., May 31, 2016 — A laser-based method for joining carbon fiber composites and aluminum for lightweight cars and other multimaterial, high-end products promises to produce more-robust joints at a lower cost.
Plasmons Enable Tunable IR Light Source
HOUSTON, Texas, May 27, 2016 — A nanoscale optical parametric amplifier (OPA) has been demonstrated to function as a tunable IR light source. The device functions much like a laser; but while lasers have a fixed output frequency, the output from the nanoscale OPA can be tuned...
Australia Opens Nanoscale Institute
SYDNEY, May 26, 2016 — The Australian Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology (AINST) has opened at The University of Sydney. The institute is staffed by researchers working at the nanoscale in the fields of computing, communication, energy storage, biofuels,...
Optical Prism Designs Expands Vision Field for the Sight-Impaired
BOSTON, May 24, 2016 — A series of novel optical designs may address the limitations of current peripheral prism eyeglasses and help further expand the field of vision for patients with hemianopia, a condition in which the visual fields of both eyes are cut in half....
Binocular Vision System Enables UAVs to Refuel Autonomously
BEIJING, May 20, 2016 — A binocular vision-based platform has simulated Autonomous Aerial Refueling (AAR) between two Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in real-time, using a boom approach. The platform may be the first step toward a vision-based sensor and navigation system...
Electrochromic Polymers May Mean Brighter Future for Flat-Panel Displays
ALBUQUERQUE, N.M., May 19, 2016 — The use of super-thin layers of inexpensive electrochromic polymers to generate sharp colors that can be quickly changed may lead to a less expensive way to develop flat-panel displays that are also brighter, clearer and more energy efficient....
Laser-Powered Nanoblade Enables Mitochondrial DNA Transfer
LOS ANGELES, May 18, 2016 — Laser-powered nanoblade technology typically used to transfer materials between cells has now been used to slice through a cell’s membrane to enable the insertion of mitochondria. Other bioengineering applications of the nanoblade, which can...
DOE Announces Technologist in Residence Program
WASHINGTON, D.C., May 18, 2016 — The United States Department of Energy (DOE) has announced the second round of funding for its Technologist in Residence program, providing up to $2.3 million to support collaboration between national laboratories and manufacturers. The relationship...
FLIM OPT Monitors Cell Signaling in Live Organisms
LONDON, May 17, 2016 — Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging (FLIM) combined with Optical Projection Tomography (OPT) has been used to image and monitor apoptosis in whole live organisms in 3D. Termed FLIM OPT, the method may provide a means to visualize cell signaling processes...
Holograms Gain Efficiency from Metasurface Fabrication Technique
CAMBRIDGE, Mass., May 16, 2016 — Nanostructured metasurfaces have been incorporated into compact holograms, enabling the production of different images depending on the polarization of incident light. The highly efficient holograms lose very little light in the processing of...
A Greener Way to Create Quantum Dots
BETHLEHEM, Pa., May 13, 2016 — A novel method to manufacture quantum dots (QDs) from a single enzyme may provide a simple, cost-effective and environmentally friendly way to produce these semiconducting nanocrystals, prized for their optical and electronic properties. Current...
Flexible Solar Cell Achieves 7.6% Efficiency
SYDNEY, May 12, 2016 — A thin-film technology called CZTS has been applied to photovoltaics to achieve a world-leading 7.6 percent efficiency in a 1-cm2 solar cell. The achievement marks a milestone for thin-film photovoltaic (PV) technology — which is being...
Microscopy Method Observes Spinal Cells in Freely Behaving Mice
LA JOLLA, Calif., May 11, 2016 — A microscope about the size of a penny has been used to observe everyday activity of cells within the spinal cords of mice, revealing that astrocytes — cells in the nervous system that do not conduct electrical signals and were traditionally...
STEM Doctoral Candidates Seeking Nonacademic Careers
ATLANTA, May 10, 2016 — A recent study indicates that the research-faculty path may no longer be the norm for postdoctoral students in STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) fields. Landing a job as a research college or university faculty member typically...
DOE Office of Science Selects 49 for Early Career Funding
WASHINGTON, D.C., May 10, 2016 — The Department of Energy's (DOE's) Office of Science has selected 49 scientists from across the nation to receive significant funding for research as part of DOE's Early Career Research Program. DOE said the program, now in its seventh year, is...
LIGO Awarded Special Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics
SAN FRANCISCO, May 9, 2016 — The Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) operated by Caltech and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology has been awarded the Special Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics. Designed to open the field of gravitational-wave...
Two-Photon Collagen Crosslinking Demonstrated for Cornea Repair
BOSTON, May 9, 2016 — A technique called two-photon collagen crosslinking (2P-CXL) has been demonstrated to strengthen the cornea, with results confirmed by confocal Brillouin microscopy. The method could enable selective biological tissue stiffening in situ for...
3-Color Photodetector Explored for IR Color Television, Imaging Systems
EVANSTON, Ill., May 6, 2016 — A three-color, shortwave-midwave-longwave IR photodetector could be used to create IR color televisions and imaging systems. "A device capable of detecting different IR wavebands is highly desirable in next-generation IR imaging systems," said...
Custom Superprecise Mirror Arrives at European XFEL
HAMBURG, Germany, May 6, 2016 — X-ray laser research facility European XFEL has received a 95-cm-long mirror reported to be the most precise of its kind ever built. The mirror’s production is the culmination of a lengthy R&D process involving institutes and companies in...
Inkjet-Printed Lasing Capsule Produces Disposable Organic Lasers
PROVENCE, France, May 5, 2016 — An ultralow-cost fabrication method uses an inkjet printer to produce “lasing capsules” for external-cavity vertically emitting thin-film organic lasers, a development that could enable disposable laser chips. One obstacle that has...

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