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Research & Technology News

Light Pulses Quickly Drive Electronic Currents Through Graphene
ERLANGEN, Germany, Sept. 27, 2017 — Physicists have used light to control an electronic current through graphene within one femtosecond. According to the research team this speed could be more than a thousand times faster than the speed of current transistors. While it’s possible to use light waves to direct electrons through semiconductors and insulating materials, according to researchers this approach has not yet been used to direct electrons — and thus control currents — through metals, because light
Ballistic Photon Imaging Locates Fiber Optic Instruments In Vivo
EDINBURGH, Sept. 27, 2017 — A camera that detects light sources inside the human body could be used at a patient’s bedside to track and guide the location of an endoscope, or other fiber-optic instrument, in the body without the need for x-rays or other equipment. Light...
Photosensitizer Enhances The Anticancer Properties of an Antimalarial Drug
SINGAPORE, Sept. 26, 2017 — Scientists have shown that the anti-cancer properties of artemisinin, an anti-malarial drug that is also a promising alternative cancer treatment, could be enhanced potentially ten-fold when used with the photosensitizer aminolaevulinic acid (ALA)....
Quantum Repeater Could Speed, Secure Long-Distance Quantum Communication
JOHANNESBURG, South Africa, Sept. 25, 2017 — Researchers have experimentally demonstrated photon entanglement swapping and teleportation for multiple orbital angular momentum (OAM) states of light. When OAM is used as an information carrier, photon states can decay over long distances; thus a...
Converting Light to Sound Waves Leads to Hybrid Chip for Data Transfer
CAMPERDOWN, Australia, Sept. 22, 2017 — Researchers have demonstrated a way to transfer optical information coherently to an acoustic hypersound wave on a photonic microchip. Optical information is extracted using a reverse process. A coherent buffer can store the photonic information in...
QD Lasers Epitaxially Grown on Silicon Could Be Smallest to Date
HONG KONG, Sept. 21, 2017 — Record-small electrically pumped micro-lasers have been epitaxially grown on industry standard (001) silicon substrates. Continuous-wave lasing up to 100 degrees Celsius was demonstrated at 1.3 μm communication wavelength. Researchers achieved a...
Underwater Video Achieves Quality by Improving Bandwidth
THUWAL, Saudi Arabia, Sept. 20, 2017 — Underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) systems could be a flexible and cost-effective technology for streaming high-quality underwater video images. Existing technologies like acoustic communications and low-frequency radio waves are...
Physicists Identify Optimum Conditions for Laser Plasma Acceleration
DRESDEN, Germany, Sept. 19, 2017 — Laser plasma acceleration, which has a smaller footprint and higher peak currents than conventional electron accelerators, could be the basis for the next generation of compact light sources. To make laser plasma acceleration practical for future...
VLBI, Gaia Data Could Improve Our Understanding of Quasars
MOSCOW, Sept. 18, 2017 — By analyzing unexpected discrepancies between high-precision observations conducted by an international network of radio telescopes and that of Gaia, the space observatory of the European Space Agency, scientists have determined the properties of...
Graphene-Based Absorbers Could Enable Ultrafast Lasers in THz Range
MODENA, Italy, Sept. 15, 2017 — A terahertz (THz) saturable absorber has been created using printable graphene inks produced by liquid phase exfoliation (LPE) and deposited by transfer coating and ink jet printing. A THz saturable absorber, which decreases the absorption of light...
Device Allows Standard Cameras to Produce Hyperspectral Images
BEER-SHEVA, Israel, Sept. 14, 2017 — A miniaturized hyperspectral device has been developed as an add-on for a standard camera, and could be used to repurpose a camera for generating hyperspectral images and videos for a range of applications. Developers of the device used compressive...
Cloaking Approach Prevents Light Scattering in Opaque Objects
VIENNA, Sept. 14, 2017 — In a novel approach to cloaking technology, researchers irradiated an opaque material from above, using a specific wave pattern that allowed light waves from the left to pass through the material without any obstruction. The researchers believe that...
Nicolaas Bloembergen, Winner of Nobel Prize in Physics, Dies at 97
TUCSON, Ariz., Sept. 13, 2017 — Dutch-born optics pioneer and Nobel Prize winner Nicolaas Bloembergen died on Sept. 5 in Tucson, Ariz. He was 97. The cause of death was cardiorespiratory failure. Dr. Bloembergen, who spent more than 40 years at Harvard University, made lasting...
Doppler Lidar Could Aid Weather Forecasting, Aircraft Safety
HEFEI, China, Sept. 12, 2017 — A dual-frequency direct detection Doppler LiDAR system could offer a simplified yet robust way to accurately measure wind speed. The detailed, real-time wind measurements provided by the system could help scientists better understand how hurricanes...
Photoacoustic Imaging Technique Measures Periodontal Health
LA JOLLA, Calif., Sept. 12, 2017 — Using squid ink as a contrast agent for a photoacoustic ultrasound, researchers have developed a dental imaging method for assessing gum health that is non-invasive, comprehensive and accurate. The photoacoustic method can image the entire pocket...
3D Printing Technique Makes Degradable Biomaterials
PROVIDENCE, R.I., Sept. 11, 2017 — A stereolithographic technique has been developed for making 3D printed biomaterials that can undergo controlled degradation. This technique uses non-covalent (ionic) crosslinking and could potentially enable the fabrication of adaptive and...
High-Speed Quantum Memory Retrieves Photons on Demand
BASEL, Switzerland, Sept. 11, 2017 — A quantum memory that offers relatively fast and simple retrieval could someday be used for building a “quantum Internet.” The technology stores photons in a gas of rubidium (RB) atoms and uses a laser to control the storage and...
Novel STEM for 3D Imaging Improves 3D Visualization of Curvilinear Nanostructures
LAUSANNE, Switzerland, Sept. 8, 2017 — Scientists have developed a scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) method that generates fast and reliable 3D images of curvilinear structures from a single sample orientation. This STEM method can acquire images in a single shot, making...
Smartphone App Objectively Assesses Brain Injuries in The Field
SEATTLE, Sept. 8, 2017 — A smartphone app that detects concussion and other traumatic brain injuries could be used to determine whether someone — whether a football player, a soldier in battle, or an elderly person who has fallen — should be further assessed for...
Ultrapure Green Light from Perovskite Could Enrich Next-Gen Displays
ZURICH, Sept. 7, 2017 — An ultra-thin LED, as bendable as a sheet of paper and able to emit pure green light, has been developed using nanomaterials and simple room-temperature processes. Until now high-temperature processes have been required to produce pure light using...
2D Material’s High Tunability Could Augment Optoelectronics Applications
BERKELEY, Calif., Sept. 7, 2017 — Research into a 2D material has revealed information about its tunability and band gap, that could help scientists to isolate, enhance and manipulate its most desirable qualities. Potential applications for atomically thin 2D materials range from...
Natural Branding, Laser Marking for Organics
Sep 7, 2017 — The organic food business is experiencing a period of rapid economic growth as people around the globe seek natural food that’s better for them and for the environment. Eosta, an international distributor of fresh organic fruits and...
Optogenetics Used to Control Interorganellar Communication
COLLEGE STATION, Texas, Sept. 6, 2017 — Researchers are using optogenetics to tune communication between organelles within living cells. The optogenetics tools are being used to control the proteins that form the bridge between organelles, and to govern the length of the bridge at the...
Metasurface-Coated Waveguides Reduce Crosstalk
STATE COLLEGE, Pa., Sept. 5, 2017 — Engineers have developed a conformal metasurface coating that can simultaneously control diverse optical properties of dielectric waveguides, including mode confinement, polarization, scattering signature and crosstalk. The two-layer coating can...
Subwavelength THz Could Improve Image Resolution, Accelerate Imaging Speed
EXETER, England, Sept. 5, 2017 — A terahertz (THz) imaging technique that is compatible with adaptive and compressive sensing algorithms has been developed and has demonstrated image reconstruction at highly subwavelength dimensions. Using a near-field approach to THz imaging,...

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