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Quantum-Dot Lasers’ Performance Makes Great Gains
The evolution of laser diode design has proved critical to the advancement of low-cost, high-performance transmitters for telecom and datacom networks, especially in light of the downturn in the optical communications market. With increased demand for lower-cost laser sources, companies are finding it impossible to meet these goals with current quantum-well technology, which has reached a performance plateau.By comparison, quantum-dot technology offers a significant reduction in threshold...
Photonics Spectra, January 2003
Renishaw plc-Spectroscopy Products Div.
This instrument, a collaborative effort between Renishaw plc of Wotton-under-Edge, UK, and Nanonics Imaging Ltd. of Jerusalem, combines the chemical sensitivity of Raman spectroscopy with the ultrahigh spatial resolution of scanning probe, atomic...
Photonics Spectra, January 2003
Roper Scientific Inc.
Roper Scientific Inc. of Tucson, Ariz., designed and manufactured the CCD-based Photometrics Cascade camera for low-light live-cell microscopy. It enables microscopists to boost signal as much as 1000 times without the need for external...
Photonics Spectra, January 2003
Sabeus Photonics Inc.
Cold writing technology allows sensors to be written directly into a fiber's core without compromising its integrity, tensile strength or durability. The technique does not require stripping and recoating the fiber, and it eliminates the need for...
Photonics Spectra, January 2003
Santur Corp.
The TL1010-C is a 10-mW CW laser source designed for DWDM transmission systems. It provides distributed feedback laser performance with no mode hopping and high output power with no semiconductor optical amplifier. It is electrically tunable and is...
Photonics Spectra, January 2003
Solid-State UV Photodetectors Search for a Niche
Commercial solid-state UV photodetectors did not exist until around 1996 when Cree Research in Durham, N.C., began production of silicon carbide photodiodes. Since then, additional materials have debuted commercially, including GaN, AlGaN and TiO2....
Photonics Spectra, January 2003
Spectra-Physics
Built in response to the need in microelectronics and industrial manufacturing to process materials with smaller features, tighter tolerances and higher speeds, the Hippo (high-intensity peak-power oscillator) has a compact optical cavity that uses...
Photonics Spectra, January 2003
Sumita Optical Glass Inc.
Sumita Optical Glass Inc. developed its K-PG325 Super Vidron optical glass to replace the less durable plastic now used in optical molded parts. This material can be precision-molded at approximately 325 °C, making it suitable for use with a wide...
Photonics Spectra, January 2003
Surface and Wavefront Interference Testing
Interference testing continues to expand in support of fields that are confronting increasingly stringent manufacturing tolerances, including the automotive, data storage, semiconductor and optical manufacturing industries. The performance,...
Photonics Spectra, January 2003
The Quest for Athermal Solid-State Etalons
Because of the stringent requirements for frequency stability in dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) systems, demand is continuing to grow for passive optical telecommunications components with high thermal stability. One class of device...
Photonics Spectra, January 2003
Toshiba America-Electronic Components Inc.
Toshiba America Electronic Components Inc. of Irvine, Calif., has produced a phosphor-integrated white LED that emits light at a peak wavelength of 380 nm. Designated the TLWA1100, its color is determined by excited RGB phosphors, offering...
Photonics Spectra, January 2003
Trends in Deep-UV Excimer Light for Photolithography
The use of deep-UV excimer light sources in semiconductor chip manufacturing has grown dramatically in the last five years. More than half of the lithography exposure systems shipped since 2000 employ these devices as illumination sources. While...
Photonics Spectra, January 2003
Ultrafast Laser Systems Find Work Outside the Lab
Two basic types of amplified ultrafast Ti:sapphire laser systems are commercially available: individual component systems, such as the Titan or Odin from Quantronix Corp., where the mode-locked oscillator, pump laser and amplifier are separate...
Photonics Spectra, January 2003
Ultrahigh-Performance Ion-Etched Holographic Diffraction Gratings
Up until the mid-1960s, mechanically ruled diffraction gratings with approximately 1800-g/mm ruling density were considered to be the state of the art in spectroscopy. By the late ’60s, scientists had developed diffraction gratings by forming...
Photonics Spectra, January 2003
Uncooled IR Photodetectors Get a Performance Boost
Within the next year or so, end users can expect significant performance improvements in medium-wavelength IR (3 to 5 µm) and long-wavelength IR (8 to14 µm) photodetectors operating without cryogenic cooling. These high-temperature devices will gain...
Photonics Spectra, January 2003
VCSELs Expand Communications Potential
It is fair to say that the introduction of vertical-cavity self-emitting laser (VCSEL) technology in the mid- to late 1990s enabled the widespread deployment of fiber optic links within an enterprise. The devices provided the right combination of...
Photonics Spectra, January 2003
How Low Can You (Optically) Go?
The $140 billion-a-year semiconductor industry depends on Moore’s law, the decades-old observation that device density doubles every 18 months or so. Today, excimer lasers power optical photolithographic tools that help drive this march toward...
Photonics Spectra, December 2002
Passive Component Testing: From All-Loss to All-Parameter
Fiber optics technology has taken a major leap forward with dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM). Today, as networks move to speeds as high as 40 Gb/s, with channel spacings of 25 GHz and below, time-domain properties of the signals become...
Photonics Spectra, December 2002
Photodetectors Test Pulsed Laser Diodes
Given that packaging adds 80 percent or more to the cost of a laser diode module, it is imperative to ensure that only good laser diode chips enter communications modules. This requires testing laser diodes at the bar or chip stage with pulse...
Photonics Spectra, December 2002
Quasi-CW Solid-State Lasers Expand Their Reach
Flexibility may be the top selling point of mode-locked, diode-pumped Nd:YVO4 lasers. Their 80-MHz repetition rates allow them to compete in applications typically reserved for CW sources such as argon-ion lasers. Their combination of high peak...
Photonics Spectra, December 2002
Scanning Near-Field Optical Microscopy: Characterizing Nanostructures
As design rules for technologies used in applications as diverse as materials research and advanced data storage rapidly approach nanometer size, the hunt is on for simple and effective methods to characterize nanostructures. The ideal would be a...
Photonics Spectra, December 2002
A New Spin: Thin-Disc Yb:YAG Lasers
If asked to name a solid-state laser, most people would mention the Nd:YAG. This trusty combination of neodymium and yttrium aluminum garnet has served industry well for many years. The YAG crystal has the highest thermal conductivity and fracture...
Photonics Spectra, November 2002
Adaptive Optics
In confocal and multiphoton microscopy, light travels to the focal plane and excites fluorescence in the sample, and the fluorescence travels back through the optics to a detector. During this trip, the light meets different surfaces that introduce...
Photonics Spectra, November 2002
Measuring Birefringence in Calcium Fluoride at 157 nm
In recent years, leading-edge optical lithography has been moving to ever-shorter wavelengths: from 248 nm (KrF excimer laser) to 193 nm (ArF excimer laser) and now to 157 nm (F2 excimer laser). At 157 nm, calcium fluoride (CaF2) is the primary lens...
Photonics Spectra, November 2002
Who’s Who?
Biometrics isn’t just a good idea. It’s the law, as spelled out in the Enhanced Border Security and Visa Entry Reform Act of 2002 and various other regulations. Passed in May, the law mandates identification based on the measurement of...
Photonics Spectra, November 2002
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