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A High-Resolution View of the Universe

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Adaptive optics on the Giant Magellan Telescope sense optical aberrations caused by atmospheric turbulence and correct them in real time using a deformable mirror.

ANTONIN BOUCHEZ, GIANT MAGELLAN TELESCOPE ORGANIZATION (GMTO CORP.)

Under ideal circumstances, the resolution of an optical system is limited by the diffraction of light waves. This diffraction limit, the maximum resolution a telescope can achieve, improves linearly with the telescope’s aperture. However, the view of the universe provided by ground-based telescopes is typically limited not by diffraction, but by atmospheric blurring due to temperature inhomogeneities and turbulence in the Earth’s atmosphere. Even the best astronomical sites in the world, located on remote mountaintops with particularly stable air, degrade diffraction-limited...Read full article

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    Published: October 2016
    Glossary
    astronomy
    The scientific observation of celestial radiation that has reached the vicinity of Earth, and the interpretation of these observations to determine the characteristics of the extraterrestrial bodies and phenomena that have emitted the radiation.
    adaptive optics
    Adaptive optics (AO) is a technology used to improve the performance of optical systems by reducing the effects of atmospheric distortions. The Earth's atmosphere can cause light passing through it to experience distortions, resulting in image blurring and degradation in various optical applications, such as astronomical observations, laser communications, and imaging systems. Adaptive optics systems actively adjust the optical elements in real-time to compensate for these distortions. Key...
    astronomyGiant Magellan Telescopemirrorsadaptive opticsspace telescopeUniversity of Arizonaadaptive secondary mirrorAntonin Bouchezsingle deformable mirrorLarge Binocular TelescopeNatural Guidestarground-layer AOlaser tomographySarah LewisGround-layer adaptive opticsguidestar adaptive opticsOpticsFeatures

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