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Research & Technology News

Optical Whispering Gallery Mode Resonator Spins Light
STATE COLLEGE, Pa., Nov. 22, 2017 — An optical whispering gallery mode resonator developed by Penn State electrical engineers can spin light around the circumference of a tiny sphere millions of times, creating an ultrasensitive microchip-based sensor for multiple applications. "Whispering gallery mode resonators, which are basically optical resonators, have been intensely studied for at least 20 years," said Srinivas Tadigadapa, professor of electrical engineering. "What people have done is to take an optical fiber and
Team Taps Chalcogenide For Flexible Devices
CAMBRIDGE, Mass., Nov. 20, 2017 — A method for making photonic devices that can bend and stretch without damage could find uses in cables to connect computer devices, or in diagnostic and monitoring systems that could be attached to the skin. A new material produced by Juejun Hu and...
Doping Quantum Dots Helps Lasers Release Light More Efficiently
LOS ALAMOS, N.M., Nov. 17, 2017 — Doping quantum dots (QDs) with additional electrons has been found to cause the specially designed QDs to produce laser light with less stimulation and less energy loss. By adding extra charge carriers to their QDs, researchers from Los Alamos...
Ultrafast Pulses Coherently Control Function in a Living Cell
CHAMPAIGN, Ill., Nov. 17, 2017 — Researchers have used light to excite a light-sensitive channel in the membrane of optogenetic mouse neurons. When the channels were excited, they allowed ions through, which caused the neurons to fire. The researchers say the same technique could...
Handheld Spectrometer Wirelessly Transmits Data to Smartphone
HAIKOU, BEIJING and HANGZHOU, China, Nov. 17, 2017 — A wireless handheld spectrometer that is smartphone-compatible could make it easier and more economical to acquire spectral images of everyday objects and in the future could be used for point-of-care medical diagnosis in remote locations. The...
Bioinspired Approach Could Enhance Solar Cell Light Absorption
KARLSRUHE, Germany, Nov. 16, 2017 — By observing the nanostructures that optimize light absorption on a black butterfly’s wing, researchers were guided to a way to improve light harvesting in thin-film solar cells, potentially increasing light absorption rate in cells by as much...
NIH Team Improves 3D Imaging Efficiency, Speed and Resolution
WASHINGTON, D.C., Nov. 15, 2017 — Researchers have developed a technique that improves the spatiotemporal resolution and collection efficiency of light-sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM), without modifying the underlying microscope. The technique instead uses reflection to improve...
Autonomous Forklifts use Advanced Computer Vision and Artificial Intelligence
LINCOLN, England, Nov. 14, 2017 — A fleet of autonomous self-optimizing forklift trucks could work alongside human co-workers and automatically adapt to changing work demands. Robotics specialists in the U.K., Sweden, Italy and Germany are working together to bring next generation...
LED-Based UV Light Can Rapidly Convert 3D Printing Polymeric Inks Into Solids
NOTTINGHAM, England, Nov. 14, 2017 — A breakthrough in rapid additive manufacturing that involves UV light solidifying the inks used could pave the way for fully functional 3D printed electronic circuits. Researchers at the University of Nottingham have pioneered the breakthrough and...
Superconducting Nanowire Single-Photon Detector Sets Efficiency Record
SHANGHAI, Nov. 13, 2017 — Researchers have demonstrated the fabrication and operation of a superconducting nanowire single photon detector (SNSPD) with detection efficiency that they believe is the highest on record. The photodetector is made of polycrystalline NbN with...
Visible LEDs Enable Sensor Response Activation at Room Temperature
MOSCOW, Nov. 13, 2017 — Scientists have discovered a mechanism that allows hydrogen sensors to work under visible light, without heating, therefore enabling the sensor to work at room temperature. The discovery, based on nanocrystalline metal oxides, could reduce the...
Humboldt, PicoQuant Host MSCA, BE-OPTICAL Researcher
BERLIN, Nov. 13, 2017 — Humboldt University Berlin and optoelectronics developer PicoQuant are co-hosting an early stage researcher (ESR) within the framework of the Marie Sklodowska-Curie actions (MSCA) of the Innovative Training Networks H2020 BE-OPTICAL training...
Gas Sensors Transfer Easily to Different Substrates Without Degrading Performance
ATLANTA, Nov. 10, 2017 — A transfer technique based on thin layers of boron nitride could allow high-performance gallium nitride gas sensors to be grown on sapphire substrates and then transferred to metallic or flexible polymer support materials. The technique could...
Microfluidic Platform Performs Screens of Perovskite Nanocrystals
RALEIGH, N.C., Nov. 8, 2017 — ; An automated microfluidic technology has been developed containing a spectrographic monitoring module that collects both fluorescent and absorption data. The module can move along the microfluidic channel, collecting data along the way. The...
Complex States of Light Generated via Metasurface
CAMBRIDGE, Mass., Nov. 7, 2017 — Researchers have designed a method for converting arbitrary spin angular momentum (SAM) states of light into total angular momentum states. This method is characterized by the superposition of independent orbital angular momentum (OAM), and could...
Light-Activated Probe Could Aid Alzheimer’s Drug Development
HOUSTON and CORAL GABLES, Fla., Nov. 6, 2017 — Researchers have developed a probe that lights up when it binds to a misfolded amyloid beta peptide (Aβ), enabling footprinting of this protein, which is a suspected cause of Alzheimer’s disease. The probe was able to identify a specific...
Optical Solution Addresses Interconnect Bottleneck on Silicon Chips
CAMBRIDGE, Mass., Nov. 3, 2017 — A combination light emitter and detector device that is compatible with silicon could help mitigate communications delays resulting from signal leakage between microchip components. The device is made from molybdenum ditelluride (MoTe2), an...
Additive Manufacturing of Titanium Aircraft Parts Uses Direct Metal Laser Sintering
TOMSK, Russia, Nov. 3, 2017 — An additive manufacturing technology that uses direct metal laser sintering enables the printing of titanium aircraft parts with a modified surface layer. Physicists from Tomsk Polytechnic University (TPU) are currently working to create...
One-Step 3D Laser Printing of Catalysts Opens Path to Faster Production of Custom Structures
AMES, Iowa, Nov. 2, 2017 — A 3D laser printing process that creates a chemically active catalytic object in a single step has opened the door to more efficient ways to produce catalysts for complex chemical reactions in a wide scope of industries. While 3D printing has found...
NASA Set to Use ‘Lobster-Eye’ Optics to Locate Source of Cosmic Waves
GREENBELT, Md., Nov. 1, 2017 — A novel optics system that mimics the structure of a lobster’s eyes could be employed on the International Space Station to enable NASA to precisely locate, characterize and alert other observatories about the source of gravitational waves....
Control of Photon-Atom Interaction Could Enhance Metrology, Imaging and Inspection Systems
SINGAPORE, Nov. 1, 2017 — Researchers used a super-resolution imaging technique to strengthen photon-atom interaction, revealing a way to boost interaction between photons and a single atom that could be useful in quantum computing and metrology. Using a lens to focus...
Spectrometer Uses Silicon Photonics to Efficiently Monitor Gas Leaks
YORKTOWN HEIGHTS, N.Y., Oct. 31, 2017 — ; A chip-based spectrometer that is smaller than a dime has demonstrated the ability to detect methane in concentrations as low as 100 parts-per-million. The spectrometer leverages silicon photonics technology to realize a compact, cost-effective...
Optical Fiber Used to Direct, Stabilize Random Laser
ALBUQUERQUE, N.M., Oct. 30, 2017 — An advance in laser technology combines the broad spectral features of a random laser with the spectral stability and high directionality of a traditional laser. Such an advance could enable greater use of random lasers in applications where a broad...
Single-Nanoparticle Maps Pave the Way for Better, Safer Nanotechnology
GOTHENBURG, Sweden and KONGENS LYNGBY, Denmark, Oct. 30, 2017 — A method that combines electron microscopy and optical microscopy to map individual nanoparticle responses in different situations and contexts could pave the way for better nanomaterials and safer nanotechnology. Researchers at Chalmers University...
VR Opera Hits All the Right Notes
BATH and LONDON, England and CARDIFF, Wales, Oct. 26, 2017 — This fall, visitors to venues across England will have the opportunity to experience two classic operas in virtual reality (VR). ‘Magic Butterfly’ is an immersive VR experience that reimagines scenes from Madame Butterfly and The Magic...

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