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Research & Technology News

High-Capacity Signal Transmission Could Boost Aptitude of Fibers in Use Capacity
NOZAY, France, March 12, 2018 — Researchers report the real-time, bidirectional transmission of 78 interleaved, 400 gigabit per second (Gb/s) channels with a 31.2 terabit per second (Tb/s) fiber capacity. The C-band signals were transmitted over a single, 90-kilometer-long single-mode fiber. For their setup, researchers from Nokia used real-time, commercially available transponders and components that are compliant with current network standards. After testing the unidirectional transmission configuration, the team
Ultrafast Measurement Technique Demonstrates Beginning of Laser Pulses
TAMPERE, Finland, March 9, 2018 — Researchers have demonstrated how laser pulses emerge from noise, then collapse and oscillate before stabilizing. The discovery was made possible by real-time measurement of the laser’s temporal intensity with sub-picosecond resolution and the...
Polarization State Is Characterized on Attosecond Scale
BERLIN, March 8, 2018 — Researchers have characterized the exact polarization state of light on the attosecond timescale. This discovery could facilitate the use of short, rotating pulses of light to learn more about the inner structure of materials. Extremely short pulses...
Superresolution Imaging System Generates Segmented Fossil Images
PRINCETON, N.J., March 8, 2018 — Using an industrial grinder and superresolution camera, geoscientists have created 3D digital images of rock samples that can be viewed from multiple angles. Algorithms allow the computer to segment the images without human bias. Scientists used...
Lens-on-MEMS Technology Could Lead to More Compact Optical Devices
LEMONT, Ill., March 7, 2018 — In a collaboration between Argonne National Laboratory and Harvard University, researchers built a metasurface-based lens on top of a MEMS platform, creating a “lens-on-MEMS” device that focuses light in the mid-IR spectrum. The...
Light-Emitting Electrochemical Cells Become Efficient and Bright
UMEÅ, Sweden, March 7, 2018 — Researchers from Umeå University, Linköping University, and Swedish company LunaLEC AB have developed light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs) that emit strong light at high efficiency. Using a systematic combination of experiments and...
Spectroscopy, Microscopy Allow Precise Imaging of Optical Frequencies
BOULDER, Colo., March 6, 2018 — An imaging technique combines spectroscopy with high-resolution microscopy to produce rapid, precise measurements of quantum behavior in an atomic clock. Physicists believe the technique could improve atomic clock precision and provide a path toward...
Microscope Provides Precise 3D Imaging of Thick Mammalian Cells
STANFORD, Calif., March 5, 2018 — A new microscope produces 3D nanoscale images of mammalian cells in their entirety. Because the axial positions of the single emitters are encoded in the shape of each single-molecule image rather than in the position or thickness of the light...
Chip-Scale Dual-Comb Spectroscopy Could Be Used in the Field
NEW YORK, March 5, 2018 — A research team has put two frequency comb generators on a single millimeter-sized chip, miniaturizing the dual comb and thus making it portable enough to perform sensing and spectroscopy in field environments in real time. Researchers from Columbia...
3D-Printed Hyperspectral Imagers Designed for UAVs
LONGYEARBYEN, Norway, March 1, 2018 — Researchers used 3D printing and low-cost parts to create an inexpensive hyperspectral imager that is light enough to use onboard drones. The visible-wavelength hyperspectral imager (HSI) weighs less than half a pound and, according to researchers,...
Attosecond Pulses From Extreme UV Light Source Break Into Atomic Interior
MUNICH, March 1, 2018 — To observe the ultrafast electron motion in the inner shells of atoms with short light pulses, the pulses must not only be ultrashort, but very bright, and the photons that are delivered must have sufficiently high energy. This combination of...
YouTube Phenom Builds Lasers From Spare Parts
Feb 28, 2018 — Drake Anthony calls himself a professional mad scientist on YouTube. That’s because … well … he sort of is. Anthony has built his own lasers since he was 12, when he first took apart a green laser pointer, modified it and made it...
Nanophotonic Sensors Monitor Processes in Living Cells
OKINAWA, Japan, Feb. 27, 2018 — A large-scale biosensor developed using nanoplasmonic material is able to accommodate a large number of cells on a single substrate and monitor cell proliferation in real time. The nanoplasmonic material allows for long-term cell survival and...
A New Use for Deep Learning — Hologram Reconstruction
LOS ANGELES, Feb. 26, 2018 — Researchers have used a deep learning-based, computational approach to reconstruct a hologram and form a microscopic image of an object. This deep learning-based technique rapidly eliminates twin-image and self-interference-related artifacts using...
Tunable Metalens Can Change Its Focus in Real Time, Like a Human Eye
CAMBRIDGE, Mass., Feb. 26, 2018 — Researchers have demonstrated electrically tunable large-area metalenses controlled by artificial muscle technology. The adaptive metalens simultaneously controls for three of the major contributors to blurry images: focus, astigmatism and image...
NSF Awards Worcester Polytechnic $425K for Autonomous Vehicle Research
WORCESTER, Mass., Feb. 26, 2018 — With a three-year, $425,000 award from the National Science Foundation (NSF), two researchers at Worcester Polytechnic Institute are combining their work to find the key to developing self-driving cars that can operate safely and efficiently, even...
Nanocarbon Shows Promise for Fluorescent Bioimaging
NAGOYA, Japan, Feb. 22, 2018 — An international team from Nagoya University and Boston College has developed a flexible, water-soluble warped nanographene molecule that is biocompatible. The molecule was also found to induce cell death when exposed to light. The new molecule...
LED-Based Headlight Meets US Safety Requirements, Reduces Energy Consumption
TAIWAN, Feb. 22, 2018 — Researchers have designed an LED-based train headlight that uses one-tenth of the energy required for headlights that use conventional light sources. If operated eight hours every day, the electricity savings of the new design could reduce emissions...
Researchers Create Light-Emitting Nanoantennas Using Perovskite
ST. PETERSBURG, Russia, Feb. 21, 2018 — A research team has used hybrid perovskite to create light-emitting nanoantennas with enhanced photoluminescence. The nanoantenna and light source are combined in a single nanoparticle. The new nanoantenna can generate, enhance and direct emission...
Tomography System Could Help Determine Who Will Respond Best to Chemo
NEW YORK, Feb. 20, 2018 — A new optical imaging system uses red and NIR light to identify breast cancer patients who could benefit most from chemotherapy. The dynamic diffuse optical tomography system could be able to predict response to chemotherapy as early as two weeks...
Multiple Resonators Can Improve Signal Transmission
NEW YORK, Feb. 20, 2018 — Scientists have developed a light wave isolation method for efficient signal transmission that is less costly and more versatile than use of a single resonator to induce light waves to travel in just one direction. The new approach does not require...
Spectroscopy Explores Photoinduced Reactions in Anticancer Drug
COVENTRY, England, Feb. 20, 2018 — Using IR spectroscopy researchers have gained fresh insight into how a platinum-based chemotherapy drug candidate functions when activated by light. Completely inactive and non-toxic in the dark, the treatment can be targeted to cancerous areas and...
Team Demonstrates Three-Photon Bound States, Advancing Quantum Computing
CAMBRIDGE, Mass., Feb. 16, 2018 — Scientists have observed traveling three-photon bound states in a quantum nonlinear medium, a phenomenon that could help further the use of photons in quantum computing. Researchers from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard...
Quantum Computing Advances With Demo of Spin–Photon Interface in Silicon
PRINCETON, N.J., Feb. 15, 2018 — Researchers have experimentally demonstrated a way to use light to connect silicon quantum bits (qubits) of information that are not immediately adjacent to each other. Their work could advance scientific efforts to make quantum computing devices...
Lowering Fusion Temperatures Costs for Nano-Based Manufacturing
NEW BRUNSWICK, N.J., Feb. 15, 2018 — A new method of processing materials for nano-based manufacturing allows intense pulsed light sintering (IPL) to be used at a lower temperature, enabling low-cost, temperature-sensitive plastic substrates to be used in the manufacture of flexible...

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