Research & Technology News | Photonics Spectra

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Research & Technology News

Vienna Group Generates Coherent X-Ray Source

Jan 1, 1998 — VIENNA, Austria -- A group of researchers at the Vienna University of Technology has generated a coherent x-ray source that could pave the way for high-contrast biological imaging. The collimated x-ray beam, long-sought by legions of researchers, is particularly important because it falls within what is commonly called the "water window." The water window refers to the range between 2.33 nm (the absorption edge of oxygen) and 4.37 nm (the absorption edge of carbon). Within this range,...

Diffraction Brings Street Signs to Life

Dec 1, 1997 — ROSKILDE, Denmark -- A new process that impresses holographic optical elements onto polymer rolls could significantly reduce the cost of keeping roads safe at night. According to Ibsen Micro Structures developmental engineer Michael Rasmussen,...

Laser Aids Hair Restoration

Dec 1, 1997 — A carbon dioxide laser in combination with a computerized pattern generator creates recipient sites for hair grafts more effectively than traditional methods. That's the finding of Dr. Barry DiBernardo, who presented a paper advocating the use of...

Laser Helps Take Twinkle out of Stargazing

Dec 1, 1997 — LIVERMORE, Calif. -- A laser system that makes a false star glow in the Earth's upper atmosphere will help astronomers study some of the universe's faintest objects. The same phenomenon that makes stars appear to twinkle to ground-based observers...

Magnetic Field Alters Disc's Properties

Dec 1, 1997 — GRENOBLE, France -- A team of scientists has discovered a way to use a magnetic field to alter the transparency of a plastic disc. Bart van Tiggelen of the Universite Joseph Fourier and researchers from the Max Planck Institute made the discovery,...

New Sensor Combines CMOS and CCD

Dec 1, 1997 — DALLAS -- Engineers at Texas Instruments have combined the performance features of the charge-coupled device (CCD) and the manufacturing advantages of the complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) to produce what they call the bulk charge...

Pentagon's Laser Test Fails to Meet Objective

Dec 1, 1997 — When the Pentagon fired a mid-infrared laser at an orbiting US Air Force satellite in October, it failed to accomplish one of the experiment's main objectives: recording the impact. The Defense Department aimed the laser at an infrared camera...

Photonics Brings Dinosaur to Life

Dec 1, 1997 — SAN ANSELMO, Calif. -- Museums, faced with the dilemma of making their displays more interactive and paying top dollar for fossils, have turned to laser scanning as a solution to their troubles. "It's a shame, but museums are losing attendance,"...

Princeton Promises Much on Organic Lasers

Dec 1, 1997 — PRINCETON, N.J. -- It may not carry the fury of the big bang or death gene debates, but to those in the diode laser business organic lasers have sparked more than polite dinner conversation. Princeton University researchers say they have the...

Quick Screening Provides Key to New Luminescent Materials

Dec 1, 1997 — Researchers have long sought new compounds for ultraviolet-excited phosphors -- important for the development of flat panel displays and lighting. Because there are no reliable theories to predict the relation between composition and efficiency,...

Ring Laser Measures Earth's Rotation

Dec 1, 1997 — CHRISTCHURCH, New Zealand -- In an underground cave, deep within the Cashmere peninsula, the musical note E-flat has taken on special meaning. Researchers from the University of Canterbury have installed a giant ring gyroscope to keep track of...

Solid-State Diode Lasers Gain Ground

Dec 1, 1997 — Diode and diode-pumped lasers are about to find significant commercial applications, several experts on commercial and research photonics told a standing-room-only audience during a session at the Optical Society of America Annual Meeting in Long...

Thomson and Oxford Unveil Fingerprint ID System on a Chip

Dec 1, 1997 — Set for release early next year, the chip uses thermal imaging to capture an image of a person's finger. The image data is then reconstructed by a Thomson algorithm, and the fingerprint is verified. Unlike other fingerprint verification systems, the...

Xerox Makes Colorful Splash with Blue Diode Laser

Dec 1, 1997 — PALO ALTO, Calif. -- A small -- a very small -- spot of color here and there is behind Xerox's development of a blue laser diode. Xerox hopes to use the nitride-based semiconductor technology to create a new line of high-resolution printers. Like...

A Photonics-First Sheds Light on Global Warming

Nov 1, 1997 — GREENBELT, Md. -- A spaceborne photonic combination could help knock some of the guesswork out of studying global warming and its relationship to aircraft. Scientists know that cirrus clouds hold IR radiation in the atmosphere, raising the Earth's...

Boom! From Light Comes Matter

Nov 1, 1997 — PALO ALTO, Calif. -- In Physics 101, our instructors drilled us on the Law of Matter Conservation: "Thou shalt not create matter from nothing." However, a team of 20 physicists/lawbreakers has done just that, by converting light into matter. The...

Chilly Weather Poses Problems for Fiber Optic Cables

Nov 1, 1997 — Cold weather has proven troublesome for fiber optic cable performance, often changing the internal geometry of the fiber. Scientists from Bellcore in San Diego have monitored the problem during the past several years, subjecting fiber optic cable to...

CO2 Laser Beam Propels Miniature Rocket

Nov 1, 1997 — The Advanced Space Transportation Program has launched a miniature rocket propelled by a ground-based laser beam. Scientists at White Sands Missile Range in New Mexico aimed a 10-kW pulsed CO2 laser at the launch vehicle, raising it seven feet off...

Femtosecond Experts: Fast Is Fun

Nov 1, 1997 — Research at the very edge of the time scale for laser pulses is becoming more exciting, according to two ultrafast-laser experts who shared the Schawlow Prize (and lecture) at the American Physical Society's Interdisciplinary Laser Science...

Fiber Advance Eases Splicing

Nov 1, 1997 — CORNING, N.Y. -- In a move that should improve splicing efficiency and lower system installation costs, Corning Incorporated has tweaked its production process for single-mode fiber and tightened its core/clad concentricity specs by 25 percent....

Gallium-Arsenide Solar Cell Proves Twice as Efficient as Silicon

Nov 1, 1997 — Spectrolab Inc., a unit of Hughes Electronics Corp. of Los Angeles, has developed a gallium-arsenide solar cell that converts almost twice as much of the sun's energy as traditional silicon cells found on spacecraft solar-array panels. The solar...

IR Modeling Proves the Sun's in Hot Water

Nov 1, 1997 — WATERLOO, Ontario, Canada -- By comparing the infrared spectra of sunspots and a simulation of infrared spectra of very hot water, scientists have confirmed that very hot water does indeed exist in sunspots. Fiery eruptions on the sun, captured by...

Laser Neural Network Acts as Computer

Nov 1, 1997 — EINDHOVEN, Netherlands -- An optical processing network that uses the effect of external feedback on the output of a laser diode to control processor responses could prove to be the harbinger of the elusive optical computer. The researchers seek to...

Naval Research Laboratory Scientists Unveil Fiber Optic Beamformer

Nov 1, 1997 — Naval Research Laboratory scientists have developed a beamformer for time-delay steering of a two-dimensional transmitter array. The beamformer is located on a phased array antenna, which resembles a small satellite dish, and distributes microwave...

Optical Fibers Restore Old Records

Nov 1, 1997 — LAUSANNE, Switzerland -- A group of scientists at the Federal Institute of Technology's (EPFL) metrology lab has designed an optical stylus that can play old 78-rpm records that are too fragile or damaged to be played on a traditional record player....

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