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(9,092 items)
Research & Technology News
Gas Purifiers Improve Film Growth
Jun 1, 2001 — Aeronex Inc. of San Diego has announced the completion of a one-year study with the University of California in Santa Barbara into the impact of gas purification systems on metallorganic chemical vapor deposition. According to the researchers, gas purifiers offer several advantages in the production of devices based on compound semiconductors. They determined that purified nitrogen is as effective a carrier gas as hydrogen purified with palladium cells, potentially reducing production costs...
Handwashing Olympics Highlights Hygiene
WASHINGTON -- WASHINGTON -- According to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, dirty hands are responsible for 25 percent of food-borne illnesses, or 75 million annually, and for 5000 deaths in the US every year. To raise awareness of the problem and...
International Sematech to Upgrade Microstepper
Jun 1, 2001 — International Sematech of Austin, Texas, a consortium of 13 semiconductor chip manufacturers, has announced plans to upgrade its 157-nm microstepper from Exitech Ltd. of Oxford, UK. The incorporation of a 0.85-NA objective should enable the system...
Laser Measures Shiny Objects in 3-D
OKAYAMA, Japan -- OKAYAMA, Japan -- Laser rangefinders can be used to precisely determine the three-dimensional shapes of objects, but only if the objects display lambertian reflection. Now researchers at Okayama University have developed a system that can measure...
Lidar Finds Fish from the Air
BOULDER, Colo. -- BOULDER, Colo. -- Since antiquity, man has pondered the question: How many fish are lurking in the waters below? Getting an accurate picture of a fish population is still a challenge to the fishery manager who must set catch limits so as not to...
Lidar Takes the Sky’s Temperature
URBANA, Ill. -- URBANA, Ill. -- For climatologists, a key question isn’t how high is the sky, but how hot is the sky. Understanding the temperature of various levels of the atmosphere is essential to developing global climate models. Now lidar, a photonics...
Machine Vision Aids Lifeguards
BEVERLY, Mass. -- BEVERLY, Mass. -- Despite their best efforts, lifeguards cannot monitor every swimmer in a loud, busy pool. According to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, an average of six people drown daily in US pools, and drowning is the second...
Micro-Optics Enable Microsatellites
IRVINE, Calif. -- IRVINE, Calif. -- Microsatellites are gaining acceptance in the aerospace community as potential replacements for conventional satellites. These spacecraft can be as small as a Coca-Cola bottle, so it would be far less expensive to deploy them. One...
Multispectral Microscopy Accelerates
MILWAUKEE -- MILWAUKEE -- Multispectral microscopy provides information about the spatial variation in wavelength-dependent parameters of features on the scale of a few microns, but when elements of a sample rapidly change with time, it becomes difficult to...
Night-Vision Goggles Spot Radiation
WARRINGTON, UK -- WARRINGTON, UK -- Tinkering with an old phenomenon in physics, designers are tackling a modern danger. They have retooled military night-vision goggles to see alpha radiation through scintillation, the effect discovered by Ernest Rutherford wherein...
Photochemical Etching Developed for GaN
Jun 1, 2001 — A wet photochemical etching technique promises to ease the production of devices fabricated from GaN-based materials, which are resistant to most chemical etches and which can display defects when dry-etched. In the March 26 issue of Applied Physics...
Quantum Cascade Laser Operates at Room Temperature
Jun 1, 2001 — Researchers from Thales Corporate Research in Orsay, France, have developed a GaAs-based quantum cascade laser that operates at room temperature. Since their development in 1995, quantum cascade lasers have found applications in gas sensing and...
Single-Molecule Study Exposes Glass Dynamics
AUSTIN, Texas -- AUSTIN, Texas -- Glasses and noncrystalline materials have been important to humans for thousands of years, but scientists have been at a loss to explain what is going on as these materials cool from liquids into amorphous solids. Using a new...
Thermal Imager Passes Test
Jun 1, 2001 — The Aero 20/2X thermal imaging system designed for law enforcement, aerial inspection, and search and rescue applications has successfully completed its initial flight test aboard an OH-58 helicopter. Developed by Sagebrush Technology Inc. of...
Tweezers May Power Micromachines
ST. ANDREWS, UK -- ST. ANDREWS, UK -- A team at St. Andrews University has demonstrated a variant of optical tweezers that can cause micron-size objects to rotate. The technique could be used to drive miniature cogs and motors in micromachines or to orient DNA strands...
Two Fibers Enhance Monitoring
MILWAUKEE -- MILWAUKEE -- Fiber optic sensors containing probes that react to a triggering event such as a chemical spill can guard against widespread pollution from industrial plants. However, the fluorophores must be separated to accurately monitor their...
Vision System Identifies Sleepy Drivers
ACTON, Australia -- ACTON, Australia -- Car accidents happen in the blink of an eye, and the more that eyes blink or wander, the greater the chance for an accident. According to carmaker AB Volvo of Göteborg, Sweden, driver fatigue and inattention are responsible...
Wrinkling Puts Light Mirrors in Doubt
Jun 1, 2001 — Engineers may have to look elsewhere for lightweight mirrors for the next generation of space telescopes. A research team at the University of Arkansas in Fayetteville has determined that the polymer films proposed for large, inflatable mirrors...
Blue LEDs Open Door to Microdisplays
MANHATTAN, Kan. -- MANHATTAN, Kan. -- Physicists at Kansas State University have created a microdisplay based on InGaN/GaN quantum wells that is integrated on a semiconductor chip and is only 0.5 mm square. The group hopes it will pave the way for bright,...
Bubbly Polymer Promises Photonic Crystals
May 1, 2001 — Scientists at Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, North Carolina State University in Raleigh and Lucent Technologies Inc.’s Bell Laboratories in Murray Hill, N.J., may have discovered a simple means of producing photonic crystals. They...
Chirped Bragg Grating Covers the C-Band
AUSTIN, Texas -- AUSTIN, Texas -- Twice in as many years, researchers at 3M have claimed breakthroughs in their fabrication of chirped fiber Bragg gratings. This year’s breakthrough, however, appears to be the one that counts: the fabrication of long-length...
Crystals Exhibit Lasing Oscillation
May 1, 2001 — A team from NTT Basic Research Laboratories and NTT Photonics Laboratories, both in Atsugi, Japan, has reported directional lasing oscillation in 2-D organic photonic crystals. The effect, which the group describes in the March 5 issue of Applied...
Dimension-Reduction Sensing Demonstrated
May 1, 2001 — A dimension-reduction technique demonstrated by researchers at the University of South Carolina in Columbia and ChemIcon Inc. in Pittsburgh promises to expand fiber-based multiwavelength and multispecies chemical sensing applications. The technique...
Epoxy Mirrors Are Strong and Light
MOSCOW, Idaho -- MOSCOW, Idaho -- When Univer-sity of Idaho researchers contemplated designing a 300-m, open-path Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer, they realized that the mirrors they needed would be heavy, would vary with temperature and would cost a...
Fiber Sensors Ensure Train Safety
URBANA, Ill. -- URBANA, Ill. -- Fiber optic sensors may soon play a crucial role in preventing the derailment of freight and passenger trains. The sensors monitor the weight of a passing train, defects in its wheels and stress resulting from a cracked or broken...
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July 2024
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