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Research & Technology News

Optics Probe Quantum Catalysis
Aug 1, 2002 — In the everyday world, if you stick a $5 bill and a $10 bill in your wallet, and later pull out the $5, you can expect the other still to be $10. In the weirdness of the quantum world, of course, things are far less intuitive. A team at Universität Konstanz and at Humboldt Universität in Berlin, both in Germany, has described an experiment that is analogous to pulling out the $5 bill and finding that the $10 has become something very different. A Ti:sapphire laser and a beamsplitter expose...
Photonic Crystals Integrated into VCSELs
Aug 1, 2002 — Single-fundamental-mode vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) could benefit data transmission applications, but designing such a device to function over an entire pump range is difficult because of eventual material deformations such as...
Planar Designs Produce Compact Devices
Aug 1, 2002 — A team from the Weizmann Institute of Science in Rehovot, Israel, has created a set of compact optical devices by using diffractive optical elements deposited on a planar glass substrate. It expects the designs, which consist mainly of grating...
Plastic Makes Low-Loss Terahertz Fiber
Aug 1, 2002 — Low-loss optical fiber transparent in the terahertz region has moved a step closer to reality, thanks to researchers at the Center for Terahertz Photonics at Pohang University of Science and Technology in South Korea. The group fabricated a plastic...
Semiconductor Amplifier May Pose Alternative for DWDM
Aug 1, 2002 — The output power and emission wavelengths of most of today's dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) transmitters are highly sensitive to changes in temperature and injection current, requiring costly and complex compensation methods....
Semiconductors Stick Through a Cool Marriage
Aug 1, 2002 — The ubiquitous semiconductor silicon is electronically powerful, but optically weak. It is blind, for example, in the 1.3- to 1.6-µm region of the spectrum that is useful for telecommunications applications. Germanium, on the other hand, excels at...
Space Electrons Dig Pits in Coatings
Aug 1, 2002 — One may not think that space-borne telescopes would need much protection from outside elements, but electrons and protons caught in the Earth's magnetic field can have damaging effects on the dielectric coatings of the telescopes' lenses....
Waveguides Provide Multichannel Routing
Aug 1, 2002 — Researchers from Friedrich Schiller Universität and Fraunhofer Institut für Angewandte Optik und Feinmechanik, both in Jena, Germany, have shown that thermo-optically controlled waveguide arrays can be used for multichannel routing. By...
'Lasetron' Promises Ultrafast Pulses, Strong Magnetic Fields
Jul 1, 2002 — Laser light could help scientists observe the mysterious strong-force reactions responsible for holding the nucleus of an atom together, but these occur on the timescale of about 10-21 to 10-22 s -- rendering today's fastest lasers five orders of...
Deposition Controls Refractive Index
Jul 1, 2002 — Japanese researchers at Osaka University in Suita and the Institute for Laser Technology in Osaka have demonstrated that atomic layer deposition can be used to manipulate the refractive index of an optical thin film by precisely varying the...
Filter Proposed for Quantum Network
Jul 1, 2002 — Researchers at Hokkaido University in Sapporo, Japan, have developed a scheme for an optical filter involving linear optics and single-photon counters that would transmit photon pairs only if they share the same linear polarization. As reported in...
Holey Fiber Laser Produces 10 mW
Jul 1, 2002 — A research team at Max Born Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie in Berlin has demonstrated laser action from a neodymium-doped holey fiber that it believes may find applications in amplifying ultrashort laser pulses. Peter...
IR Two-Photon Process Creates Acids
Jul 1, 2002 — Two-photon absorption techniques show promise for such applications as microfabrication. But although researchers have examined ultraviolet-sensitive photoacid generators for use in two-photon microfabrication, these agents typically exhibit low...
Is There a Perfect Lens?
Jul 1, 2002 — According to researchers at the University of Texas at Austin and at Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas in Madrid, Spain, the reports of the death of the diffraction limit may have been greatly exaggerated. In independent reports, their...
Lawrence Livermore Builds 28-km Air-Optic Link
Jul 1, 2002 — Scientists at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in Livermore, Calif., have successfully established a 28-km-long air-optics link between the laboratory and nearby Mount Diablo. One of the longest such high-capacity laser communications links...
Light Fuels the First Single-Molecule Machine
Jul 1, 2002 — The first man-made single-molecule machine has proved it can do mechanical work, according to its German builders. Hermann Gaub, a researcher with the University of Munich's Nanoscience Center and a member of the project team that developed the...
Liquid Polymer Provides Gain for Optical Amplifier
Jul 1, 2002 — At St. Andrews University in the UK, research-ers have constructed a broadband optical amplifier using a dilute solution of the conjugated polymer OC1C10-PPV as a gain medium. They expect that the liquid amplifier will be a stepping-stone to...
Microscopy Images High-Density Quantum Dots
Jul 1, 2002 — Scientists at Seoul National University in Korea and at the University of Tokyo have developed a technique with which they can perform high-resolution photoluminescence microscopy of high-density InAs/GaAs quantum dots. The work promises to advance...
MIT Develops Flexible Dielectric Fibers
Jul 1, 2002 — Fashion and photonics may seem an unlikely combination to inspire a product from the laboratories of Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge. However, blending the low-cost, high-volume processing techniques of polymer fibers found in...
Optical Trapping Expands to 3-D
Jul 1, 2002 — Since the mid-80s, optical tweezers have helped study the physics behind a myriad of microscopic phenomena ranging from DNA elasticity to micromachines. However, the effectively planar nature of the optical trapping effect -- a clear object being...
Photoactive Molecules Enable Optical Logic
Jul 1, 2002 — For high-speed telecommunications, electronics are a drag. The optoelectronic devices that control today's networks threaten to choke the terabit-per-second data rates that soon will be available. In hopes of avoiding such logjams, a research team...
Semiconductor Laser Emits 67-µm Radiation
Jul 1, 2002 — A quantum-cascade laser developed by researchers in Italy and the UK may herald the shape of things to come. The device, which emits 4.4-THz radiation, demonstrates that semiconductor laser technology is suitable not only for visible and...
Shake-and-Bake Technique Builds Displays
Jul 1, 2002 — Researchers at the University of Minnesota in Minneapolis and at Harvard University in Cambridge, Mass., have developed a self-assembly technique that may enable the manufacture of novel displays. According to the scientists, the shake-and-bake...
SID Sizzles with Organic LED Displays
Jul 1, 2002 — There's no question that organic LED technology was the star at the 2002 Society of Information Display (SID) show held in Boston in May. Whether the technology promoted by exhibitors was full-color (Samsung SDI Corp. of Seoul, Korea; Universal...
TV/CCD Combination Measures Wavefronts
Jul 1, 2002 — Using a television monitor and a CCD camera, researchers at the Universidad Complutense de Madrid in Spain have developed a simple, flexible and low-cost method of analyzing the wavefront properties of lenses and other optical elements. They place...

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