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(9,094 items)
Research & Technology News
Amplifier Boosts Efficiency of Microlaser
Mar 1, 2004 — Miniature, longitudinally pumped, Q-switched solid-state lasers have relatively low efficiency, in part because much of the diode pump light passes through the laser chip without being absorbed. Recently, scientists at Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Lincoln Laboratory in Lexington have shown that adding an amplifier to scavenge the otherwise-wasted pump power can increase laser efficiency by more than a factor of two without appreciable increase in the laser's cost or...
Ince-Gaussian Beams Find the Middle Ground
Mar 1, 2004 — When optical engineers talk about laser modes, they're referring to the distinct spatial patterns of electric-field intensity within a resonator. These patterns are individual solutions to the paraxial wave equation subject to boundary conditions...
Nd:LuVO4 Laser Pumped
Mar 1, 2004 — The vanadate crystals YVO4 and GdVO4 have been very successful hosts for diode-pumped rare-earth-ion lasers because their stimulated-emission and absorption cross sections are significantly higher than other hosts, such as YAG. Now a collaboration...
Photonics Detects Elusive Ozone Destroyer
Mar 1, 2004 — A team of researchers from Harvard University in Cambridge, Mass., and from NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif., has employed ultraviolet resonance fluorescence to identify an ozone-destroying molecule in the stratosphere for the...
Photothermal Analyzer Detects Fuel Adulteration
Mar 1, 2004 — The adulteration of gasoline with cheap industrial solvents or with aromatic or light hydrocarbons is a common practice in many developing countries as retailers attempt to stretch their stocks. In some cases, the practice has little or no effect...
Waveguides Force Diode Laser into Single Mode
Mar 1, 2004 — Semiconductor lasers oscillating in a single, fundamental lateral mode produce a better-quality beam than multimode lasers, but single-mode oscillation is difficult to obtain. One approach has been to fabricate a waveguide into the semiconductor...
CW Parametric Oscillator Is Powerful Spectroscopic Tool
Feb 1, 2004 — A joint effort by researchers at the University of Nijmegen in the Netherlands and at Sandia National Laboratories' Combustion Research Center in Livermore, Calif., has resulted in a continuous-wave optical parametric oscillator (OPO) whose high...
Er-Doped Fiber Amplifier Provides Dynamic Control in C- and L-Bands
Feb 1, 2004 — Cramming an ever-increasing amount of information through existing optical fibers enhances the value of those fibers and eliminates the need to install expensive new cables. Engineers and scientists around the world have explored several ways to...
Nanocrystals in Glass May Be Suitable for LEDs
Feb 1, 2004 — Researchers at the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology in Ikeda, Japan, have developed a sol-gel fabrication technique that enables them to embed semiconductor nanocrystals in a glass matrix. The resulting material...
Nonlinear Crystal Generates 5 W of CW Deep-UV
Feb 1, 2004 — The tight lock that excimer lasers had enjoyed for many years on the market for high-power ultraviolet sources has been loosened somewhat in the past several years by the advent of enhanced nonlinear optics that can convert the output of solid-state...
Quantum Dots Break 'Artificial Atom' Model
Feb 1, 2004 — A worldwide collaboration of scientists investigating the electronic states of quantum dots by the photons they emit has determined that the conception of the dots as "artificial atoms" is incomplete. The group included researchers from Ludwig...
Research into Condensates Continues
Feb 1, 2004 — It has been nearly a decade since the first experiments were reported on Bose-Einstein condensates in ultracold atoms, and research into this and related phenomena continues to be fruitful. As the work advances, scientists worldwide are...
Single-Crystal Nd:YVO4 Fiber Exhibits Good Laser Parameters
Feb 1, 2004 — Neodymium-doped vanadates have proved very successful materials for miniature diode-pumped lasers because of their high optical absorption at the 808-nm diode wavelength and their high cross section for stimulated emission at 1064 and 1342 nm....
Three-Dimensional Process Sculpts Waveguides in Silicon
Feb 1, 2004 — Researchers at the University of California, Los Angeles, have reported a technique that is based on the separation by implantation of oxygen process that enables the three-dimensional fabrication of waveguide and microcavity structures in silicon....
Transistor Emits Infrared Radiation
Feb 1, 2004 — A research team at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign has developed a transistor that emits infrared radiation and offers standard electrical output. The device, which produces modulated optical emission in phase with a base current at 1...
White LEDs to Appear in Audi Headlights
Feb 1, 2004 — Audi AG of Ingolstadt, Germany, will feature Luxeon white LEDs from Lumileds Lighting LLC of San Jose, Calif., in the headlights of its new luxury sedan, the 450-horsepower, 12-cylinder A8 L 6.0 quattro. The automobile manufacturer notes that using...
Compact, Efficient Blue Laser Utilizes Periodically Poled KTP
Jan 1, 2004 — Yet another nail in the coffin of blue gas lasers has been delivered by an international team's demonstration of what it believes is the highest wall-plug efficiency recorded in the blue spectral region from a second-harmonic laser source. By...
Laser Strums Silicon 'Nanoguitar'
Jan 1, 2004 — A team of scientists at Cornell University in Ithaca, N.Y., has employed a laser to pluck the strings on a microscopic guitar. The demonstration illustrates the potential of optically driven actuation and detection schemes for future...
Machine Vision System Scans Baked Goods
Jan 1, 2004 — Engineers at Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta are working on a way to give everyone perfect buns -- sandwich buns, that is. In collaboration with researchers at Baking Technology Systems Inc. (Bake-Tech) of Tucker, Ga., they are developing...
Photonic Crystal Enables Flat-Lens Imaging
Jan 1, 2004 — A team of scientists at Northeastern University in Boston has demonstrated that it is possible to image using a flat photonic crystal lens that displays negative refraction. The work illustrates the potential of "left-handed materials" for...
Q-Switched CO2 Laser Intended for Heterodyne-Detection Lidar
Jan 1, 2004 — Waveguide CO2 lasers excited by radio-frequency discharges have found broad application as the sources for laser radar systems. In particular, pulsed heterodyne-detection lidar requires a pair of frequency-offset, pulsed lasers. Q-switched,...
Researchers Around the World Obtain Vanadate Improvements
Jan 1, 2004 — Neodymium-doped vanadate has become the crystal of choice for many diode-pumped lasers, primarily because the absorption cross section for 808-nm laser-diode pumping to the neodymium upper laser level is nearly eight times greater than the...
Short Pulses Generated in Mode-Locked Tm-Ho:BaY2F8 Laser
Jan 1, 2004 — Ultrashort mode-locked pulse trains in the 2-µm spectral region are of interest for applications such as time-resolved spectroscopy and optical communications. Moreover, the short pulses enable highly efficient nonlinear conversion into the mid- and...
Solution to the 'Green Problem' Demonstrated
Jan 1, 2004 — Intracavity frequency-doubled solid-state lasers are one of the photonics industry's all-time best sellers because they provide an efficient, compact and rugged source of coherent visible light for applications from surgery to spectroscopy to green...
Spatial Light Modulator Enables Optical Processor
Jan 1, 2004 — Lenslet Ltd. of Herzliyya, Israel, has developed a commercial optical digital signal processor that can perform 8 trillion multiply-and-accumulate operations per second, orders of magnitude faster than current processors. Applications of the...
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July 2024
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