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Small Smile Produces Big Output from SCOWLs
Sep 1, 2005 — Researchers at Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Lincoln Laboratory in Lexington have combined the beams from 100 slab-coupled optical waveguide lasers (SCOWLs) to generate 35 W of near-diffraction-limit output power at 915 nm. The high beam quality was possible in part because the array of semiconductor lasers had a small smile, a deviation from the flatness across the array. High-power, high-beam-quality semiconductor lasers are valuable as optical pumps for bulk solid-state and...
Fiber Ring Laser Is Wavelength-Switchable Around 1.5 µm
Aug 1, 2005 — Multiwavelength lasers are useful for interrogating fiber optic sensors and for testing fiber telecommunications systems, and some day could even serve as telecom transmitters. It sometimes is useful for the laser to produce many wavelengths...
Holey Fibers Connect to Conventional Fibers with Low Loss
Aug 1, 2005 — Holey fibers have several characteristics that make them useful in numerous applications, including the ability to manipulate dispersion. But an impediment to their widespread utilization has been the difficulty in splicing holey fibers to...
InAs/GaSb Superlattice Photodiode Offers Uncooled Mid-IR Operation
Aug 1, 2005 — Scientists from Northwestern University in Evanston, Ill., the Missile Defense Agency in Washington and the US Air Force Research Laboratory at Kirtland Air Force Base in New Mexico have reported the development of mid-infrared photodiodes that are...
Measuring Microholes by Measuring Shadows
Aug 1, 2005 — Measuring microscopic holes may benefit from a light touch, according to researchers from the National Institutes of Standards and Technology (NIST) in Gaithersburg, Md., and the University of North Carolina at Charlotte. They have devised a method...
Nanoscale Structures Route Light
Aug 1, 2005 — In a development with promise for the realization of nanoscale integrated photonic systems, investigators have routed and sensed light using nanowires and nanoribbons. A team from the University of California, Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley National...
Optical Data Stored on Fingernail
Aug 1, 2005 — Researchers at the University of Tokushima and at Hokkaido University in Sapporo, both in Japan, have used human fingernails as a medium for three-dimensional optical data storage. Employing a femtosecond laser to write and a fluorescence microscope...
Surface Plasmons Enable Subwavelength Lithography
Aug 1, 2005 — A pair of researchers at the University of Texas at Austin have found that the way to subwavelength nanoscale photolithography is only skin -- or surface -- deep. They used surface-plasmon-assisted photolithography with polarized 355-nm laser...
Thermal Compensator Polarizes Nd:YAG Laser
Aug 1, 2005 — Most of today's conference presentations and journal articles dealing with solid-state lasers are concerned with exciting new technologies such as fiber lasers, photonic crystals and thin-disk lasers. But out in the global marketplace, the...
Two Imaging Elements Create One Multipattern Mask
Aug 1, 2005 — Inspired by a species of thousand-eyed, ocean-dwelling brittle star, investigators at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge and Bell Labs in Murray Hill, N.J., have demonstrated that two...
Ultrathick Nanostructured Diamond Films Produced
Aug 1, 2005 — Diamond films are attractive for use as optical windows and in other applications requiring strength, transparency and chemical stability. In particular, nanocrystalline diamond films are smooth and can be electrically conductive -- attributes that...
Ultratiny Silicon Modulator Achieves Gigahertz Speeds
Aug 1, 2005 — Silicon, the material of choice for electronic circuits, is not ideally suited for electro-optical applications. Its indirect bandgap creates severe problems when using it as a photonic source and also presents disadvantages when using it as a...
'Slow Light' Demonstrated in Optical Fiber
Jul 1, 2005 — A collaboration of researchers from Cornell University in Ithaca, N.Y., the University of Rochester in New York and Duke University in Durham, N.C., has produced optical delays as long as 20 ns -- up to 1.3 times the pulse duration -- in...
Actuated Microdisk Is a Wavelength-Selecting Optical Switch
Jul 1, 2005 — Microdisk and microring resonators have been widely studied because they can perform many of the basic functions required in photonic circuits and because they are much smaller than conventional components. In virtually all of the studies to date,...
Diode-Pumped Yb:YVO4 Laser Generates Femtosecond Pulses
Jul 1, 2005 — Scientists at Belarus National Technical University and at Solix Ltd., both in Minsk, Belarus, and at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich have demonstrated -- for what they believe is the first time -- continuous-wave mode-locking of...
Dual-Wavelength Pumping Creates Gain in the S-Band
Jul 1, 2005 — Coarse wavelength division multiplexing is preferable to dense wavelength division multiplexing in many cases because the coarsely multiplexed channels obviate the need for precision wavelength control in sources and passive components. But the...
Fiber Sensor Uses Raman and Brillouin Scattering
Jul 1, 2005 — Fiber sensors are replacing traditional transducers in many monitoring and measuring applications, a result of fiber sensors' superior reliability, longevity and flexibility to function in multiple sensing applications. In one example, these sensors...
Good Quantum Defects Make Good Lasers
Jul 1, 2005 — The quantum defect -- the energy difference between a pump photon and a laser photon -- is one of the most significant parameters in selecting a potential laser material. Another one for a solid-state laser is the material's thermal ruggedness, or...
Holey-Fiber Raman Laser Generates 3.6 W
Jul 1, 2005 — Researchers at Imperial College London have designed and operated what they believe is the first CW holey-fiber Raman laser constructed in an all-fiber configuration. Holey-fiber Raman lasers are important because their theoretical Raman gain...
Laser Ultrasound Sensor Tested in Paper Mill
Jul 1, 2005 — Scientists from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in Berkeley, Calif., have completed a full-scale demonstration of a noncontact laser ultrasound sensor designed to inspect moving sheet materials, such as paper. The trials were performed at a...
Nanoscale Structures Act as Photonic Antennas
Jul 1, 2005 — Researchers at the University of Massachusetts Amherst and at Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Tennessee have observed far-field modulated fluorescence lifetimes indicative of dipole-dipole coupling in semiconductor polymer nanostructures. The...
Novel Enhancements Demonstrated for Intracavity Nonlinear Optics
Jul 1, 2005 — Intracavity nonlinear optics has long been the pathway to additional wavelengths from established lasers. The most common example is the internally doubled neodymium laser in laboratories and hospitals around the world that is being marketed by the...
Single-Photon Source Is a Tall Order
Jul 1, 2005 — Towering above the crowd helps in basketball. Now investigators at Cambridge-based Toshiba Research Europe Ltd. and at Cambridge University, both in the UK, have shown that it also is the key to an on-demand single-photon source for telecom...
Spectra Couleur Picks Agent for North America
Jul 1, 2005 — Spectra Couleur GmbH, a Berlin-based supplier of visible up-conversion fiber laser systems for OEM, research and life sciences applications, has selected Market Tech Inc. as its exclusive distributor for laser products in North America. The Scotts...
Aircraft Inspections Improved with Photonics
Jun 1, 2005 — At the Federal Aviation Administration’s (FAA) William J. Hughes Technical Center at the Atlantic City International Airport in New Jersey, Robert A. Pappas and others like him sweat the small stuff. Among their other activities, the engineers...

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