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Single Longitudinal Mode Oscillates in Q-Switched Fiber Laser
May 1, 2007 — Q-switched fiber lasers are useful in many applications, including metrology and nonlinear frequency conversion (see, for example, “Two Q-Switched Fiber Lasers Generate Terahertz Radiation” on page 103). Recently, scientists at NP Photonics and at the University of Arizona, both in Tucson, have demonstrated what they believe is the first reported actively Q-switched, all-fiber laser in the important 1-μm spectral region. They also believe that the maximum repetition frequency of their...
Sunglasses Developed with Adjustable Shade and Color
May 1, 2007 — Tired of fumbling to find the right eyewear to meet the ever-changing intensity of the sun? Having trouble finding a pair of shades to complement the latest fashion? Researchers at the University of Washington in Seattle may have come up with a...
Tapered Waveguide Answers Perplexing Question
May 1, 2007 — There are occasions in medicine — dentistry, in particular — when it is desirable to focus a laser beam to a small, intense spot some distance behind a small aperture. Root canal surgery is one example, and the treatment of dental caries is another....
Two Q-Switched Fiber Lasers Generate Terahertz Radiation
May 1, 2007 — Between the optical and radio-frequency wavelengths, there is that mysterious gap of terahertz radiation that has been widely ignored in the development of practical applications of electromagnetic fields. One of the reasons for the lack of...
Virtual Reality on a Vast and Vivid Scale
May 1, 2007 — The Virtual Reality Applications Center at Iowa State University in Ames has created what it claims is the highest resolution and most realistic virtual reality room — known as the C6 — in the world. Users are enveloped by the six-sided room,...
Why ‘Divide and Conquer’ Works in Photonics, Too
May 1, 2007 — Chirped-pulse amplification has become the tried-and-true technique for amplifying short laser pulses, whose peak intensity would damage the amplifying medium if the pulses were amplified directly. In chirped-pulse amplification, a short pulse is...
Ceramic Laser Boasts 82 Percent Slope Efficiency
Apr 1, 2007 — Most solid-state lasers — with the notable exceptions of glass and fiber lasers — are based on a rare-earth dopant in a crystalline host material. Over the past five years, polycrystalline ceramics have emerged as a viable alternative to the...
Changing Mid-Infrared Wavelengths in Milliseconds
Apr 1, 2007 — Because most molecules have unique vibrational spectra in the mid-infrared region (mid-IR is often defined as the region from 3 to 30 μm), spectroscopy in that region has many applications, from remote chemical sensing to biomedicine to...
Fabricating Integrated Optics with Tungstates
Apr 1, 2007 — Ytterbium-doped KY(WO4 )2 (also called double tungstate) is an excellent laser material because it has high emission and absorption cross sections as well as a small quantum defect when pumped at wavelengths readily available from diode lasers. The...
For Quantum Dots, One Laser Does Two Jobs
Apr 1, 2007 — To paraphrase an old saying, one researcher’s problem is another’s solution. That lesson has been reinforced by recent work by investigators from Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research in Stuttgart, from Paderborn University and from IFW...
Image Analysis, Aided by Artists
Apr 1, 2007 — Artists don’t see objects and scenes the way a camera lens does, and understanding how the best artists work could be useful in computerized image analysis, according to preliminary research by Charles M. Falco, a professor of optical sciences at...
Imaging the Eight-Fold Way
Apr 1, 2007 — Although she was not talking about cameras, the Duchess of Windsor nonetheless had it right: You can never be too thin — at least for certain applications. For example, surveillance cameras for miniaturized unmanned aerial vehicles cannot be big and...
Phase-Matching Technique for High-Harmonic Generation
Apr 1, 2007 — Researchers at the University of Colorado at Boulder have shown how to accomplish quasi-phasematching in ionized gases, thereby enabling enhancements by two orders of magnitude in the conversion efficiency of high-order harmonic generation. They...
Phosphorescent Acrylates Could Permit Nonelectric Illumination
Apr 1, 2007 — Lights and signs that phosphoresce brightly for an extended period could provide individuals with a sense of security when the electricity fails. Establishment of a full-color spectrum in these systems, however, requires red, green and blue sources....
Producing Patterns on a Curve
Apr 1, 2007 — In the past, researchers wanting to perform lithographic microfabrication on a nonflat lens or other optical surface have been thrown a curve — literally. Standard lithographic technology cannot do the job. Investigators, therefore, were restricted...
Q-Switching a Fiber Laser with Another Laser
Apr 1, 2007 — When an application requires precise control of the timing and frequency of a Q-switched laser’s pulses, active Q-switching is the only way to go. However, for the many applications that don’t need such temporal control, passive Q-switching is often...
The Mysterious Motion of Long AC Arcs Understood
Apr 1, 2007 — The motion characteristics of long AC arcs in atmospheric air have been explained by researchers who say that the findings could result in improved safety and stability for power systems. A typical pattern of a long AC arc burning in atmospheric...
Three Fiber Lasers Are Better Than One
Apr 1, 2007 — As scientists and engineers push fiber lasers to ever-higher output powers, they have encountered severe nonlinear effects that are a stubborn roadblock to further progress. The fundamental problem is the high power density propagating for long...
A New Approach to Narrowband Visible and Ultraviolet Sources
Mar 1, 2007 — From green laser pointers to sophisticated surgical instruments, frequency-doubled solid-state lasers have found countless successful applications during the past several decades. Now, by combining the mature technology of frequency doubling with...
Active Feed-Forward Improves Linear Optics Quantum Computing
Mar 1, 2007 — In one-way quantum computing, applying a feed-forward technique — in which each measurement is dependent on previous results — helps to surmount quantum measurement randomness. Researchers from the University of Vienna in Austria, Harvard University...
Biodegradable Holey Fiber Enables Drug Delivery
Mar 1, 2007 — Scientists at École Polytechnique de Montréal have demonstrated what they believe is the first biodegradable microstructured (holey) optical fiber that is capable of multiple optical and/or microfluidic functionalities. They envision many diverse...
Blue Fiber Laser Generates More Than 200 mW
Mar 1, 2007 — Small blue lasers are difficult to come by but have many interesting applications, including laser displays, fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry and spectroscopy. Recently, scientists at the Center for Optics, Photonics and Lasers (COPL) in...
Building a Room for a Bacterium
Mar 1, 2007 — University of Texas at Austin researchers Bryan J. Kaehr and Jason B. Shear have developed a way to rapidly generate microscale patterns in biomaterials using a technique dubbed mask-directed multiphoton lithography. Among other applications, they...
Electrically Tunable Bragg Gratings in Polymer Fiber
Mar 1, 2007 — The capability of fiber Bragg gratings to reflect only resonant wavelengths while transmitting all others has found numerous applications in telecom, optical sensing and other technologies. Because the resonant wavelengths can be shifted by heating...
European Group Develops Plasmonics
Mar 1, 2007 — The Centre Suisse d’Électronique et de Microtechnique SA of Neuchâtel, Switzerland, is leading the European project PLEAS, Plasmon Enhanced Photonics, which aims to move plasmonics beyond the academic arena to a key position in the development of...

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