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Can Lasers Help Decrease Our Dependence on Fossil Fuels?
Sep 1, 2007 — It has been estimated that the solar power impinging on Earth in a single hour could satisfy mankind’s energy needs for more than a year. Nonetheless, solar energy today provides less than 0.1 percent of the world’s electric power and, according to the US Energy Information Administration, that percentage is not expected to increase significantly in the next quarter century. Figure 1. A solar-pumped laser drives the magnesium-based cycle, which produces hydrogen gas as its product. The...
CO2 Laser Generates 3 kW in Cylindrically Polarized Beam
Sep 1, 2007 — A collaboration of European scientists has recently generated what they believe is the highest power ever achieved in a radially polarized laser beam, by fitting a commercial Trumpf CO2 laser with a specialized end mirror. That is significant...
Coming Clean with a Shock
Sep 1, 2007 — Semiconductors must be extremely clean during processing. Cleaning issues account for a majority of chip yield problems in factories, according to figures presented at an April conference in Austin, Texas, hosted by Sematech Inc., a semiconductor...
How to Make a Laser Beam Without a Laser Resonator
Sep 1, 2007 — Superradiant lasers — ones that produce enough gain in a single pass to generate significant output — have been around since the early days of nitrogen lasers in the 1960s. Recently, scientists at Imperial College London refined the concept to...
Magnetic Storage at Light Speed
Sep 1, 2007 — Researchers at Radboud University Nijmegen in the Netherlands and at Nihon University in Funabashi, Japan, have shown that the future of magnetic storage may involve light. The group demonstrated all-optical magnetic recording, switching the...
Measuring Magnetic Fields with Light
Sep 1, 2007 — Researchers at the University of California, Berkeley, have demonstrated that a cloud of atoms, a diode laser and a couple of detectors can measure a magnetic field with a sensitivity of better than 3 nG for a measurement time of 1 s. Potentially,...
Microlenses Stabilize Microchip VECSELs
Sep 1, 2007 — Vertical external-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VECSELs) have proved useful in numerous applications because they can be readily fabricated to produce various wavelengths and, unlike their edge-emitting cousins, produce a round collimated...
Nanotube Arrays Make Droplets Jump or Jiggle
Sep 1, 2007 — Since they were first synthesized, carbon nanotubes have attracted considerable attention from the research community for, among other things, their ability to form arrays with nanoscale roughness. This property encourages the entrapment of air...
Superparamagnetic Nanoclusters Form Photonic Crystals
Sep 1, 2007 — Photonic crystals hold promise in optoelectronic applications that require the manipulation of photons, as in telecommunication devices and sensors. Although a desirable photonic crystal will have a tunable stop band controllable by external...
Welcome to Science TV
Sep 1, 2007 — Is photonics going Hollywood? The science of light and optics is being packaged, produced and projected onto television screens across the US. Producers hope that the segments, currently aired on more than 60 subscribing television stations...
Canon Joins ASU's SkySong
Aug 23, 2007 — Developers of SkySong, the Arizona State University (ASU) Scottsdale Innovation Center, announced that Canon USA Inc. will join the 37-acre, mixed-use center under development as a hub for technological innovations and a portal for expanding global...
Cylindrical Polarization: the Path to High Power
Aug 1, 2007 — Scientists at the Soreq Nuclear Research Center in Yavne, Israel, have previously demonstrated that cylindrically polarized light can be amplified in solid-state rod amplifiers with higher efficiency than can linearly polarized light. When linearly...
Grating Is Written Directly into Ytterbium-Doped Silica Fiber
Aug 1, 2007 — Fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) are frequently used as the reflectors on fiber-laser resonators. These gratings are written in photosensitive fibers that are fused onto the doped-silica fiber that provides the laser gain. Making the fusion joints...
Imaging a Spinning Star
Aug 1, 2007 — To borrow from an old saying, four telescopes are better than one. Thanks to long-baseline optical interferometry, using a quartet of the devices provides 100 times better performance when it comes to resolving distant objects. Astronomers...
Lasers Increasingly, if Indirectly, Used as Semiconductor Lithography Light Sources
Aug 1, 2007 — Laser makers are being confronted with novel semiconductor lithography technology. Dubbed extreme-UV lithography for its photon wavelength of 13.5 nm, the technique is being pursued because it will allow semiconductor feature sizes to continue to...
Liquid Lenses Take Various Forms
Aug 1, 2007 — Having the potential to allow compact adaptive optical features in many settings, liquid lenses have captured the interest of numerous researchers. In two published studies, scientists describe an adaptive lens that could be used for mobile phones...
Lunar Telescope to Have Liquid Mirror
Aug 1, 2007 — Thanks to out-of-this-world thinking and down-to-earth materials research, scientists — from Université Laval in Quebec City, from the University of Arizona in Tucson, from the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, Canada, and from Queen’s...
New Saturable Absorber Material Q-Switches Vanadate Laser
Aug 1, 2007 — Passive Q-switching has found broad acceptance with diode-pumped solid-state lasers because saturable-absorber Q-switches are rugged and simple to operate, resulting in compact and robust lasers. But there are trade-offs among the different...
Optical Society of America Bestows 17 Awards
Aug 1, 2007 — The Washington-based Optical Society of America (OSA) has announced the names of the 17 scientists and engineers who will receive the society’s prestigious awards. The nominees have made a significant contribution to the field of optics and...
Short Q-Switched Fiber Laser Generates Millijoules in Nanoseconds
Aug 1, 2007 — Fiber lasers have displaced conventional solid-state lasers in many continuous-wave industrial applications such as welding and cutting. But other applications such as marking, scribing and trimming as well as precision machining require energetic...
New Zealand Invests in Tech
WELLINGTON, New Zealand, July 19, 2007 -- New Zealand is investing NZ$628 million (about $498 million) in new research programs in an effort to position the country at the forefront of nanotechnology development and the production of new supermaterials, a government funding agency announced...
Laser pulses enable rapid, localized mixing in microfluidic channels
Jul 1, 2007 — Rapid mixing of two fluids has remained a challenge within the microfluidics community. Current techniques that rely on diffusion as a mixing mechanism require mixing times up to several minutes and mixing lengths on the order of meters — making it...
Microfluidic Waveguide Can Be Single- or Multimode
Jul 1, 2007 — Optofluidics — the technology created by integrating photonics and microfluidics — offers the promise of unique functionalities in ultrasmall photonic integrated circuits. Fluid-filled optical waveguides, for example, might be doped with gain media...
Mode-locked Thin-Disk Laser Generates Microjoule Pulses
Jul 1, 2007 — Femtosecond pulses with energies in the microjoule range are useful for laser micromachining, surgery, spectroscopy and for other applications. Until recently, the common approach to generating such pulses was to produce low-energy femtosecond...
Multicore Fiber Amplifier Is an Image Intensifier
Jul 1, 2007 — Image intensifiers have many applications — from biomedical imaging to optical metrology — and are especially important to the military, where they enable nighttime maneuvers that would be impossible otherwise. Conventional image intensifiers rely...

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