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Zeroing in on the Elusive Green LED
TROY, N.Y., April 29, 2011 — In a critical step toward the development of LED televisions and displays, researchers at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute have developed a new method for manufacturing green-colored LEDs with greatly enhanced light output. The team, led by Christian Wetzel, professor of physics and the Wellfleet Constellation Professor of Future Chips at Rensselaer, etched a nanoscale pattern at the interface between the LED's sapphire base and the layer of gallium nitride that gives the LED its green...
‘Time Traveling’ Mirrors Arrive at Space Center
GREENBELT, Md., April 27, 2011 — NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center has received the primary and secondary mirror engineering design units (EDUs) from Northrop Grumman Aerospace Systems. The units currently are undergoing examination and testing, and when used on the James...
Beetle ‘Bling’ Reveals Optical Secrets
SAN PEDRO, Costa Rica, April 27, 2011 — Deep in Costa Rica’s tropical rain forests live two lustrous beetle species that are giving optics researchers new insights into the way biology can recreate the appearance of metals by means of reflected light. Scientists at the University of...
A New Twist on Light
CAMBRIDGE, Mass., April 26, 2011 — Corkscrew-like light whose rotating waves spiral more tightly than other forms of circularly polarized light can discriminate between right- and left-handed versions of chiral molecules, which can’t be superimposed on their mirror images...
Team to Mimic Camouflage Skill of Cephalopods
WOODS HOLE, Mass., April 26, 2011 — Researchers at the Marine Biological Laboratory (MBL) are preparing to uncover the way in which cephalopods such as squids and octopi use light-sensing proteins in their skin to blend into their environment. What they find may lead to artificial...
Light Shed on Mystery of Raman Signal Enhancement
BERKELEY, Calif., April 25, 2011 — Investigations into the chemical basis of Raman signal enhancement have resulted in a path to complementary data from SERS and other Raman-based experiments. SERS (surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy) capitalizes on the enhancement of a Raman...
Plasmonic Resonances Found in QDs
BERKELEY, Calif., April 25, 2011 — Until now plasmonic properties have been limited to nanostructures that feature interfaces between noble metals and dielectrics. Now researchers have discovered that plasmonic properties can also be achieved in quantum dots. "We have...
LED Efficiency Puzzle Reportedly Solved
SANTA BARBARA, Calif., April 21, 2011 — Nitride-based LEDs are efficient, nontoxic and long-lasting, but they are considered impractical for general lighting because of a drop in efficiency when operating at high power. Researchers at the University of California said they have now...
Polarized Microscopy Shows Protein Position
NEW YORK, April 21, 2011 — A new polarization-based technique can help deduce the orientation of specific proteins within a cell. By turning their instruments toward the nuclear pore complex — a huge cluster of proteins that serves as a gateway to a cell's nucleus...
Beam Me Up, Schrödinger: Bits of Quantum Light Teleported
CANBERRA, Australia, April 20, 2011 — Using a teleporter and a paradoxical cat, researchers have achieved the first-ever transfer of a particular complex set of quantum information from one point to another, opening the way for quantum communication networks. The cat in the...
Light Triggers Coating to Heal Itself
CLEVELAND, April 20, 2011 — A new polymer-based material that can heal itself when exposed to ultraviolet light for less than a minute has been developed by an international team of researchers. They envision that the rehealable material could be used in automotive paints,...
Organic LEDs Get Chlorine Boost
TORONTO, April 19, 2011 — A simple chlorine treatment is being used to improve OLEDs, which could make manufacturing this light display technology faster, easier and cheaper than current methods. Professor Zheng-Hong Lu of the department of materials science and...
Vibrant Colors Created in Si Nanowires
CAMBRIDGE, Mass., April 19, 2011 — Individual vertical silicon nanowires that shine in all colors of the spectrum have been developed that could increase the efficiency of nanoscale image sensors and give them the ability to detect color without the use of filters. “It is...
New Metamaterials Center to Focus on Solar Energy, Sensors
NEW YORK, April 15, 2011 — A new industry and university cooperative research center proposes to provide a one-stop shop for the design, fabrication and testing of a wide range of metamaterials designed to aid solar photovoltaic systems, specialized light sensors and more. ...
Glowing Nanopillars Light Up Cells
STANFORD, Calif., April 14, 2011 — A novel cellular research platform created at Stanford University uses nanopillars that glow in such a way as to allow a deeper and more precise look into living cells. The Stanford team — led by chemist Bianxiao Cui and engineer Yi Cui (no...
Laser Tech to Improve Free Space Communications
HOBOKEN, N.J., April 13, 2011 — A high-speed communications technology not limited by a physical conductor such as fiber optics has been developed using laser light to transmit data through readily available open space. This optical free space communication could lead to faster...
Laser Used at Sea to Set Boat Afire
ARLINGTON, Va., April 13, 2011 — The Navy and Northrop Grumman have successfully tested a solid-state, high-energy laser (HEL) from a surface ship, using it to set a smaller target vessel on fire. The Office of Naval Research said the April 6 test of the Maritime Laser...
Slow Light Slowed Even More
Buffalo, N.Y., April 13, 2011 — New nanomaterials that allow different wavelengths of light to be trapped have the potential to boost data storage communications. Qiaoqiang Gan, an assistant professor of electrical engineering at the University at Buffalo's School of...
Lancaster Award to Aid Photonics Research
LANCASTER, England, April 12, 2011 — Lancaster University was awarded €500,000 as part of a European program to encourage the next generation of photonics research. The €4.8 million program, Postgraduate Research on Photonics as an Enabling Technology, is financed through the...
Optical Fiber Device Promises Safer Drug Delivery
IRVINE, Calif., April 12, 2011 — A new optical fiber-based drug delivery device promises to unlock the potential of photosensitive chemicals to kill drug-resistant infections and perhaps cancer tumors as well. The device was designed and constructed by researchers Jie Chen, Thomas...
Nerve Cells Controlled via Light Pulses
FRANKFURT, Germany, April 11, 2011 — Using channelrhodopsins — ultralight-sensitive membrane proteins that can be inserted into cell membranes — researchers now can precisely control nerve cell activity with weak light pulses. Because channelrhodopsin has a slightly...
Optical Nanoantennas Could Improve Data Transfer
STUTTGART, Germany, April 11, 2011 — Metallic antennas 100 nm in size that efficiently receive optical frequencies in the range of several hundreds of terahertz have been realized by researchers, who say this breakthrough could speed up optical data transfer. Physicists at the...
‘Spincasting’ Could Influence Optics
RALEIGH, N.C., April 8, 2011 — A technique called “spincasting,” which uses centrifugal force to distribute a liquid onto a solid substrate, is being investigated with the hope that it can create thin films of nanoparticles on an underlying substrate for optics and...
There’s Gold in Them Thar Windows
COVENTRY, England, April 8, 2011 — A new method for the preparation of ultrathin gold-based glass electrodes is being developed for organic solar cells. Because gold is considered an air-stable metal that is already widely used for interconnects, it will likely replace indium tin...
Acoustical Waves Tapped for Metamaterials
LOS ALAMOS, N.M., April 7, 2011 — A very simple benchtop technique that uses the force of acoustical waves to create a variety of 3-D structures will benefit the rapidly expanding field of metamaterials and its myriad applications. Metamaterials are artificial materials...

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