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Maritime laser sets boat afire in test
ARLINGTON, Va. – A solid-state high-energy laser (HEL) successfully disabled a small target vessel from a surface ship, an achievement that could offeradvanced self-defense to surface ships and personnel. The Office of Naval Research and Northrop Grumman collaborated to complete at-sea testing of the Maritime Laser Demonstrator (MLD) in April. The latest test occurred near San Nicholas Island, off the coast of central California in the Pacific Ocean test range. The laser was mounted onto the deck of the ...
Measuring wavefront aberrations of hard x-ray optics
ARGONNE, Ill. – Wavefront aberrations produced by imperfect hard x-ray optics can distort and broaden the focused spot of high-brightness x-ray beams. But a new method enables optimized positioning of existing optics along with quantitative feedback that can guide...
Nanoscale Waveguide Created for Future Photonics
BERKELEY, Calif., June 1, 2011 — The first true nanoscale waveguides for next-generation on-chip optical communication systems have been demonstrated by researchers at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. The new quasiparticle, called the "hybrid plasmon polariton," may throw...
Nanotubes Improve Fluorescence Imaging
STANFORD, Calif., June 1, 2011 — An improved imaging method using fluorescent carbon nanotubes allows researchers to see centimeters deep into a mouse with far more clarity than conventional dyes provide. For a creature the size of a mouse, a few centimeters makes a great...
Novel nanoparticles change color
COLUMBUS, Ohio – Tiny polymeric containers stuffed with red and green quantum dots promise to provide continuous light for biomedical imaging. Engineers at Ohio State University have invented nanoparticles that, somewhat unusually, glow red, green or yellow...
Simplified superlens captures IR light
BERKELEY, Calif. – Superlenses that are ideal for capturing light in the mid-infrared range now can be fabricated more easily. Made from perovskite oxides rather than metamaterials, these new devices could open the door to highly sensitive biomedical detection and...
Single sensor improves detection selectivity
CINCINNATI – A sensor that combines electrochemistry, spectroscopy and selective partitioning capabilities into one device has been developed and tested for components in nuclear waste. Unusual in that it offers more than two modes of selectivity, the highly...
Synchrotron enables faster, better tissue imaging
MILWAUKEE – A synchrotron-based imaging technique delivers intensity a million times brighter than sunlight – and offers high-resolution pictures of the molecular composition of tissues with high speed and quality. A team of researchers from the...
T-rays produced by quantum cascade laser
PARIS – For the first time, terahertz rays, or T-ray pulses, have been made to emit separate “packets” of terahertz radiation – rather than one continuous beam – from a quantum cascade laser. The finding could open new doors for...
Ultrafast free-space communications achieved with lasers
HOBOKEN, N.J. – A new high-speed communications technology that is not limited by a physical conductor, such as fiber optics, uses laser light to transmit data through readily available open space. This optical free-space technology could revolutionize...
Imaging and Display Innovations Earn Hugo Geiger Prizes
MUNICH, Germany, May 31, 2011 — An improved computer tomography system, a multitouch display that recognizes hand gestures, and a method to simultaneously measure terahertz transmission and reflection have earned their creators Hugo Geiger Prizes from Fraunhofer Gesellschaft. The...
Imaging Method Helps Identify Specific Mental States
STANFORD, Calif., May 27, 2011 — Distinct mental states can be distinguished using a form of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to detect unique patterns of activity in coordinated "networks" within the brain. The technique, developed by researchers at Stanford University...
New Electronics Material Closer to Commercial Reality
WEST LAFAYETTE, Ind., May 27, 2011 — Researchers have developed a method for creating single-crystal arrays of graphene, an advance that opens up the possibility of a replacement for silicon in high-performance computers and electronics. Graphene — a one-atom-thick layer of...
Reindeer See Wonderful World of UV Light
WILTSHIRE, England, May 27, 2011 — The same ultraviolet light that can cause temporary snow blindness in humans is the very same light that is life-saving for reindeer in the arctic. Humans are able to see light with wavelengths ranging from around 700nm, which corresponds to the...
10-Year Study Shows Electron Is Surprisingly Spherical
LONDON, May 26, 2011 — Using a very precise laser, physicists have made the most accurate measurement of the shape of an electron, deeming it 0.000000000000000000000000001 cm from being perfectly round. This means that if the electron were magnified to the size of the...
ESO’s VLT Finds a Brilliant but Solitary Superstar
ARMAGH, Northern Ireland, May 26, 2011 — Using the European Southern Observatory’s Very Large Telescope (VLT), astronomers have found that the star VFTS 682 is about 150 times the mass of the sun. But unlike other massive stars that have thus far been found only in the crowded...
First Fluorescent Protein 3-D Hologram Created
EDINBURGH, Scotland, May 26, 2011 — Holoxica, a company spun out from the University of Edinburgh, has made the first medical imaging hologram of a green fluorescent protein (GFP) structure, allowing scientists to visualize the structure without any glasses or other visual aids. This...
Flexible Solar Cells Set Efficiency Record
DÜBENDORF, Switzerland, May 24, 2011 — An efficiency record of 18.7 percent for flexible copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) solar cells on plastics has been reported by Swiss researchers at Empa’s Laboratory for Thin Film and Photovoltaics. "The new record value for...
Multimodal Imaging: Combining Techniques to Give Microscopists a Boost
May 24, 2011 — On the way to conjoining two well-established but disparate imaging modalities, a FLIM (fluorescence lifetime imaging) and CARS microscope was achieved along with the development of an adapter that could bring real change to the way microscopists...
Nanoantenna Enhances Plasmonic Sensing
BERKELEY, Calif., May 24, 2011 — An experimental demonstration of antenna-enhanced gas sensing at the single-particle level has been reported for the first time. By placing a palladium nanoparticle on the focusing tip of a gold nanoantenna, researchers with the US Department of...
New Nanoscale Imaging May Lead to New Treatments for Multiple Sclerosis
SANTA BARBARA, Calif., May 24, 2011 — A new method of nanoscopic imaging may lead to experimental methods for early detection and diagnosis — and to possible treatments — for pathological tissues that are precursors to multiple sclerosis and similar diseases. Chemical...
World Record in Ultrafast Data Transmission
KARLSRUHE, Germany, May 24, 2011 — On a single laser beam, scientists have succeeded in encoding data at a rate of 26 Tb/s, transmitting the data over a distance of 50 km and decoding the information successfully. The process, developed by Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT),...
Light Ions for Fast Ignition of Fusion Fuels
WASHINGTON, May 23, 2011 — Because of greater efficiency and ease of production, light ions such as lithium or carbon have become the focus for fast ignition of fusion fuels. The fast ignition concept is an alternative approach to nuclear fusion energy. In the fast...
New Microscope is Handy, Quick ... and Flat
JENA, Germany, May 23, 2011 — A very thin and fast microscope promises to change the way skin cancer is detected. Developed at Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering (IOF), it provides a high-resolution image of skin areas of any size — and does...
Green FS Laser Achieves Record Power
AACHEN, Germany, May 20, 2011 — The first-ever laser to generate an average power of 280 W at a 515-nm wavelength with perfect beam quality now is ready to operate at the touch of a button. The turnkey laser is based on a Yb:Innoslab amplifier with frequency doubling. Fraunhofer...

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