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Light isolated on photonic chips for next-gen computing
PASADENA, Calif. – A new technique that isolates light onto a photonic chip could pave the way for faster computers and reduced data loss when connected to the global fiber optic network. California Institute of Technology scientists have designed an optical waveguide – an 0.8-µm-wide silicon device – that allows light to travel in one direction but that changes the mode of the light when it travels in the opposite direction; i.e., light traveling through the waveguide moves in a symmetric...
Nano whispering gallery reduces semiconductor emission lifetime
PHILADELPHIA – Applying the concept of whispering galleries to nanoscale devices drastically reduces emission lifetimes, a key property of light-emitting semiconductors, and shows great potential for the development of new ultrafast photonic devices. ...
Nanodiamonds are a circuit’s best friend
NASHVILLE, Tenn. – Diamonds are now an electrical engineer’s best friend: The iridescent, sturdy diamond can improve the design of computer chips and electronic circuitry for extreme environments. Vanderbilt University engineers have developed the basic...
Nanostructures enable chip-scale light propagation
NEW YORK – New optical nanostructures can slow down photons and fully control light dispersion, a big step forward in figuring out how to carry information on photonic chips without losing control of the phase of the light. Researchers at Columbia...
Polymer LEDs could stretch the potential of electronics
LOS ANGELES – An intrinsically stretchable polymer LED that can be lengthened by as much as 45 percent has the potential to change the direction of the field of stretchable electronics. The new device could be used in wearable electronics, “smart...
Quick color-changing lenses catch military’s eye
STORRS, Conn. – Lenses that change color rapidly based on the amount of voltage passing through them could have important military and civilian applications as well as uses for energy-saving windows and custom fabrics. Transition lenses normally use a photochromic...
Special optoelectronic properties make 3-D photonic crystals shine
CHAMPAIGN, Ill. – A newly demonstrated 3-D photonic crystal with exceptional optical and electrical properties will open new avenues for solar cells, metamaterials, lasers and more. “For many years, people have demonstrated 3-D photonic crystals with...
Structural transformations observed in single nanocrystals
BERKELEY, Calif. – For the first time, scientists have observed a single copper sulfide (Cu2S) nanocrystal, an important semiconductor expected to play a big role in future energy technologies as it undergoes structural transformation. The work could lead to the...
Giving Light 'Amnesia' Boosts Solar Cells
ARGONNE, Ill., Sept. 30, 2011 — Solar concentrators that rely on mirrors and lenses typically require expensive tracking systems. But another type of cell, a luminescent solar concentrator (LSC) proposed by Argonne National Laboratory and Northwestern University experts, would...
Plasmonics Harnessed to Intensify Light
STANFORD, Calif., Sept. 30, 2011 — A new type of light source, which makes use of the power of plasmonics, has been developed by physicists at Stanford University. The ultracompact, nanoscale device could find applications in data communications and could also be used to improve...
Trapped, Cooled Ions Are Usable as Sensors
BRAUNSCHWEIG, Germany, Sept. 30, 2011 — Using a simple laser-cooling technique, researchers at Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) and Leibniz University of Hanover have brought a single magnesium ion to a standstill, presaging a time when such individual particles can be used as...
4-Camera System Aims for Glasses-Free 3-D
BERLIN, Sept. 28, 2011 — A newly developed four-camera assistance system that reduces the calibration time from days to minutes makes it possible to watch 3-D TV without glasses. For glasses-free 3-D TV, autostereoscopic displays are needed, which are coated with...
Can Neutrinos Travel Faster Than Light?
GENEVA, Sept. 28, 2011 — The news from researchers with the international OPERA experiment that they found neutinos can travel faster than the speed of light was greeted with both admiration and skepticism at a press conference in Geneva last week. The OPERA experiment...
Plasmonic Nanotweezers Keep Cool
CAMBRIDGE, Mass., Sept. 28, 2011 — A new instrument dubbed a plasmonic nanotweezer creates strong forces more efficiently than traditional optical tweezers and eliminates a problem that caused earlier setups to overheat. It may make it easier to isolate and study tiny particles such...
ULIS to Supply Infrared Sensors for New Thermal Imaging Cameras
VEUREY-VOROIZE, France, Sept. 28, 2011 — ULIS, a subsidiary of Sofradir, has signed a contract with a California-based maker of video and security systems to supply infrared sensors for a new line of thermal imaging cameras. The contract with Pelco, a division of Schneider Electric...
Brain Imaging Reveals the Movies in Our Minds
BERKELEY, Calif., Sept. 27, 2011 — A unique blend of brain imaging and computer simulation demonstrated at the University of California has shown the potential for literally recording and displaying one’s thoughts and dreams. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging...
Ferroelectrics Could Boost Solar Cell Voltages
BERKELEY, Calif., Sept. 27, 2011 — Some ferroelectric materials can develop extremely high voltages when exposed to light, which could improve solar cells, but scientists haven’t been able to figure out how the process works. Now, researchers at the US Department of Energy's...
Optimal Algorithm Developed for Determining Focus Error
AUSTIN, Texas, Sept. 27, 2011 — University of Texas researchers have discovered how to extract and use information in an individual image to determine how far objects are from the focus distance, a feat accomplished previously only by human and animal visual systems. As with...
Subwavelength Antenna Separates Colors of Light
GOTHENBURG, Sweden, Sept. 27, 2011 — A nanoantenna smaller than the wavelength of light has been built that can direct red and blue colors in opposite directions. The finding could lead to optical nanosensors that can detect very low concentrations of gases or biomolecules. A...
Human Heart Cells Paced with Light
STANFORD, Calif., Sept. 23, 2011 — The first human heart cells that can be paced with light were created at Stanford University, providing new insight into the vital organ’s function.
Flexible, Implantable LED Detects Cancer
DAEJEON, Republic of Korea, Sept. 21, 2011 — A biocompatible, flexible gallium nitride (GaN) LED that can detect prostate cancer has been developed by professor Keon Jae Lee and his research team at KAIST (formerly the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology). The highly...
Lasers Illuminate Cancer During Surgery
MUNICH, Germany, Sept. 21, 2011 — A new imaging technique is helping to locate even small groups of cancer cells that surgeons might otherwise overlook during surgery. The technique uses laser light to find cancer cells based on their molecular signatures, and there are plans to...
QDs Improve Next-Gen Solar Cells by 6%
TORONTO, Sept. 21, 2011 — A promising technique for improving solar conversion efficiency has been developed using tightly packed quantum dots assembled on the surface of solar cells. Researchers from the University of Toronto (U of T), the King Abdullah University of...
Structure of Smallest Crystals Made Visible
MAINZ, Germany, Sept. 21. 2011 — A new way of making structures visible at the nanoscale level makes it possible to determine with precision the arrangement of atoms and molecules in materials ranging from cement to pharmaceuticals. The procedure, still in its infancy, comes from...
Webb Space Telescope Funded, for Now
WASHINGTON, Sept. 20, 2011 — Two months after a House committee recommended defunding the project altogether, the James Webb Space Telescope was saved by a Senate subcommittee, which is allocating $530 million to the international project in 2012. The 2012 appropriations bill...

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