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Fluorophore Modified to Expand Monitoring of Cell Dynamics
OSAKA, Japan, Nov. 28, 2022 — A genetically modified fluorescent protein has exhibited the shortest fluorescence emission wavelength to date, researchers at Osaka University reported. The fluorophore, named Sumire, emits 414-nm violet fluorescence from a hydrated chromophore. The development of Sumire will make it possible for scientists to track a larger number of biomolecules at the same time, increasing their ability to simultaneously monitor a cell’s many dynamic processes. Chromophore structure of short
Low-Cost Solar Cell Amplifies Performance Potential of Perovskite
TORONTO, Nov. 28, 2022 — An international research team has produced an all-perovskite tandem solar cell with exceptionally high open-circuit voltage and efficiency. The prototype device demonstrates the potential of perovskite, an emerging photovoltaic technology, to...
International Space Station's Newest Transceiver Targets Space Debris
DRESDEN, Germany, Nov. 23, 2022 — Use of a modular system, enabling individual components to be replaced and thereby extending service life — can make satellite systems more sustainable. To ensure a problem-free interface between components, a team from the Fraunhofer...
Multimodal Microscopy Provides Window into Viruses’ Beginnings
DURHAM, N.C., Nov. 23, 2022 — To better understand how viruses breach the protective layers of cells that line the airways and gut, Duke University researchers used multimodal microscopy to capture real-time video footage of viruses as they approach their cellular targets. Using...
Researchers Unlock Light-Matter Interactions on Subnanometer Scales
WEST LAFAYETTE, Ind., Nov. 22, 2022 — Researchers at Purdue University have discovered waves with picometer-scale spatial variations of electromagnetic fields that can propagate in semiconductors like silicon. The findings demonstrate that natural media host a variety of light-matter...
Ultrafast Bursts Extend Chip Lithography Below Surface
MARSEILLE, France, Nov. 22, 2022 — Because semiconductors serve as the backbone of modern technologies including cellphones, cars, robots, and other devices, the continuous need for miniaturized and powerful chips is placing increased pressure on semiconductor manufacturing...
Tunable Metasurface Senses Multidimensional Light-Field Information
BEIJING, Nov. 21, 2022 — Researchers led by professor Yuanmu Yang from the State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instruments, Tsinghua University have developed a near-infrared spectropolarimeter based on an...
Optical Delay Scanning Gets Dual Boost
ZURICH, Nov. 18, 2022 — Various applications of pulsed laser sources rely on the ability to produce a series of pulse pairs with a stepwise increasing delay between them. Implementing such optical delay scanning with high precision is demanding, particularly for long...
Embedded AI Localizes Data Processing for Greater Speed, Security
DRESDEN, Germany, Nov. 17, 2022 — The Fraunhofer Institute for Photonic Microsystems (IPMS) aims to support more secure, faster data processing by integrating machine learning algorithms into digital devices. Although AI-enabled devices are firmly integrated with daily life, the...
Spectral Control of Network Lasers Opens Opportunity for On-Chip Photonics
LONDON, Nov. 17, 2022 — Efficient spectral control of network lasers is possible and could lead to fast-switching, multifunctional light sources for on-chip photonic applications. Using experiments and mathematical models, researchers at Imperial College London...
Quantum-Assisted Coating Could Cool Indoor Spaces Without Using Energy
SOUTH BEND, Ind., Nov. 15, 2022 — To cool buildings more efficiently, researchers at the University of Notre Dame and Kyung Hee University in South Korea developed a high-performance, transparent radiative cooler (TRC) using quantum annealing (QA) combined with artificial...
Light-Activated Molecular Motors Achieve Fluorescence
GRONINGEN, Netherlands, Nov. 14, 2022 — In their study of rotary molecular motors, researchers in the laboratory of Ben Feringa at the University of Groningen have combined two light-mediated functions — motion and fluorescence — within a single molecule. The advancement is...
Pump Laser Modules Show Promise for Ophthalmologic Treatments
BERLIN, Nov. 11, 2022 — Researchers at the Berlin-based Ferdinand-Braun-Institut (FBH) developed a pump laser module for ophthalmologic treatments. The module offers a cost-effective pump source for laser systems that are used to treat retinal detachments. The miniaturized...
Modeling Microsphere Effects on Interferometric Resolution
KASSEL, Germany, Nov. 10, 2022 — Though microspheres — microscale spherical particles that can be manufactured from natural and synthetic materials — are known to improve lateral resolution and enhance magnification in microscopic imaging, a generally accepted...
Miniaturized Spectrometer Proves Fit for Compact Electronics
ST. GALLEN, Switzerland, Nov. 9, 2022 — Scientists in Europe have collaborated to develop an ultracompact spectrometer design that offers large bandwidth, moderate spectral resolution, and a spectral sensitivity in the infrared (IR) region. According to the team, its design for a...
Laser-Matter Interaction Improves Nanostructure Fabrication
WASHINGTON, D.C., Nov. 8, 2022 — Recent progress in the fabrication of nanostructures has led to their application in numerous fields, including materials engineering, environmental remediation, biomedicine, and more. In particular, nanostructure nanochannels with at least one...
NIH Grant Supports Portable OCT Detection of Jaundice in Newborns
NASHVILLE, Tenn., Nov. 8, 2022 — A smartphone-based system that relies on OCT to detect jaundice in newborns will be put to use diagnosing very young patients in the U.S. and Nigeria, thanks to a nearly $500,000 grant from the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The NIH awarded...
Technique Reduces Warpage in Laser Powder Bed Fusion
TOKYO, Nov. 7, 2022 — In laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) for the additive manufacture of metal parts, local high-temperature molten metal fits the surrounding solid part as a result of thermal expansion. As a negative byproduct of this process, the molten metal generates...
Optical Interfaces Could Stimulate Nerve-driven Activity
SYDNEY, Nov. 3, 2022 — Engineers at the University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney) demonstrated an approach to measure neural activity using light. The team’s optical sensors, called optrodes, achieved accurately registers of the neural impulses traveling along a...
Single Laser on Optical Chip Sets Data Transmission Record
LYNGBY, Denmark, Nov. 3, 2022 — An international team of researchers has reportedly set a data transmission record using just a single laser and optical chip to transmit more than 1 Pbit/s. The researchers, from the Technical University of Denmark and Chalmers University of...
3D-Printed Achromatic Metalens Brings Fiber Imaging Into Focus
JENA, Germany, Nov. 2, 2022 — Because light of different wavelengths is shaped and refracted differently, lenses located on the end faces of optical fibers can experience strong chromatic aberration. Chromatic aberration can lead to a shift in the focal point and blurred imaging...
Adaptive Optics Elevates Ground-Based Telescopes’ Image Quality
VICTORIA, British Columbia, Oct. 28, 2022 — After starlight enters the atmosphere, it passes through layers of turbulence that grant the light a twinkling or flickering effect when viewed from Earth. This turbulence also affects the quality of images taken with ground telescopes. This effect...
Frequency Comb Advancement Improves Speed, Precision of Measurements
GAITHERSBURG, Md., Oct. 27, 2022 — Researchers at NIST have developed a method to enable frequency combs to measure light pulse arrival times with greater sensitivity than was previously possible — potentially improving measurements of distance, along with applications such as...
Nobel Prize-Winning Techniques Help Resolve Imaging Challenge
ITHACA, N.Y., Oct. 27, 2022 — Using a technique that was recently awarded the 2022 Nobel Prize in chemistry, researchers at Cornell University used expansion microscopy to study lipids, the water-repellent, dynamic components that comprise the walls of cells and organelles. The...
Optics Accelerates Deep Learning Computations on Smart Devices
CAMBRIDGE, Mass., Oct. 26, 2022 — MIT researchers have created a method for computing directly on smart home devices that drastically reduced the latency that may cause such devices to be delayed in offering a response to a command or an answer to a question. One reason for this...

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