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Fluorescence Lifetime Microscope Offers Picosecond Resolution
Scientists at Riken research institute in Wako, Japan, have developed a fluorescence lifetime imaging microscope that incorporates a Kerr cell to offer picosecond temporal and micrometer spatial resolution. The apparatus, suggested Tahei Tahara, chief scientist at the institute and director of its molecular spectroscopy laboratory, may be used in conjunction with a fluorescence upconversion technique to achieve femtosecond resolution, enabling users to investigate samples by what he and his...
Photonics Spectra, November 2005
Have Silicon Lasers Come of Age?
Compound semiconductors have long been the workhorse for light generation and amplification in optoelectronic devices, whereas silicon has been the de facto standard for electronic integrated circuits. Driven by the material’s cost advantage,...
Photonics Spectra, November 2005
Heat-Transfer Fluids Cut Cost of Quantum Dots
Quantum dots may be tiny, but they are hugely important for their optoelectronic properties. A drawback, however, is that they typically cost thousands of dollars per gram. Approximately 90 percent of the expense of quantum dots lies in the cost...
Photonics Spectra, November 2005
Hybrid LEDs Offer Full-Color Emission
Using the down-conversion of ultraviolet radiation by polyfluorene materials, a team of scientists at Imperial College London and at the University of Strathclyde in Glasgow, UK, has generated blue, green, red and white light from arrays of...
Photonics Spectra, November 2005
Motion Application Mistakes ... and How to Avoid Making Them
Growing concurrently with the discovery and development of nanophotonic devices, silicon lasers, microelectromechanical systems technology and ultrafast techniques is the need to incorporate motorized positioning. Tests have shown that humans...
Photonics Spectra, November 2005
Nanoscale Belts Have Display Applications
Researchers at National Taiwan University and at Academia Sinica, both in Taipei, have come up with the latest nanofashion accessory: a nanobelt. Built of CdSe, it is strongly photoluminescent, has a high quantum yield and efficiently converts...
Photonics Spectra, November 2005
Rapid Quantum Dot Synthesis Suggests Biomedical, Optoelectronic Uses
Scientists at State University of New York at Buffalo have developed rapid, single-pot methods for the chemical synthesis of InP and PbSe quantum dots. The work promises to have an effect on the production and application of quantum dots for...
Photonics Spectra, November 2005
Silicon Lasers Poised for Multiple Applications
It traditionally has been considered impossible to make a laser from silicon because it is an indirect bandgap semiconductor. Using a silicon waveguide fabricated with standard CMOS technology, Intel Corp. researchers recently demonstrated the first...
Photonics Spectra, November 2005
Single Molecules Tell Two Tales
A team of scientists at Sandia National Laboratories in Livermore, Calif., has shown that, with the right photonic equipment, a molecule can tell two versions of the same story at once. The group, according to technical staff member A. Khai Luong,...
Photonics Spectra, November 2005
The Merits of Various Types of CCDs for Spectroscopy Applications
Recent developments in CCD detectors for spectroscopy have produced a bewildering range of options, from the standard, front-illuminated CCD with its moderate quantum efficiency and limited wavelength coverage, through the broadband open-electrode...
Photonics Spectra, November 2005
The Quest to Siliconize Photonics
The siliconization of electronics over the past few decades has changed the face of the world. It has not only made what was once considered supercomputer-level computing readily available to almost anyone, it also has given us the ability to...
Photonics Spectra, November 2005
Toward Your Very Own Genome
The cost of sequencing an individual’s genome today is at least $10 million, which is much too high to allow studies of the genetic basis for disease or to make genomic sequencing part of standard medical care. That’s why the National Human...
Photonics Spectra, November 2005
UV LEDs Excite Biological Fluorophores
Researchers at the Institute of Materials Science and Applied Research at Vilnius University in Lithuania have used deep-ultraviolet LEDs to perform frequency domain fluorescence measurements for the real-time identification of hazardous biological...
Photonics Spectra, November 2005
Automotive Night Vision Enhanced by Near-Infrared Technology
Driving becomes more difficult after sunset. Not only is visibility generally reduced, but an even more serious challenge on unlighted roads are the headlamps of approaching vehicles, which can dazzle a driver’s eyes. Night-vision systems can help...
Photonics Spectra, October 2005
Controller Speeds Atomic Force Microscopy
The speed of operation of the atomic force microscope (AFM) is being pushed in biological and other applications where milliseconds count. Obtaining accurate sample profiles is still a limiting factor in the fast operation of AFMs. Now researchers...
Photonics Spectra, October 2005
Electron Microscopy Images Working Nanodevices
To enable a better understanding of the behavior of electronic and mechanical systems constructed of nanoscale parts, a research team at the University of California, Berkeley, and at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, also in California, has...
Photonics Spectra, October 2005
InAs Quantum Dots Self-Organize on Microdisks
A self-organization process identified by scientists at Stanford University’s Solid State and Photonics Laboratory in California promises to facilitate the fabrication of devices in which quantum dots are coupled with microcavities, such as for...
Photonics Spectra, October 2005
LEDs Steer Microscopic Beasts of Burden
At Harvard University in Cambridge, Mass., scientists have reported that microorganisms can play the part of “microoxen,” being hitched to a load, directed to pull it to the desired location and unharnessed. In a proof-of-principle demonstration of...
Photonics Spectra, October 2005
Machine Vision Checks Chicken and Confirms Cookies
John Stewart would like to make your next meal of chicken strips or nuggets cheaper and healthier. Stewart, a research engineer at Georgia Tech Research Institute in Atlanta, is working on a machine vision system that he hopes will be used to spot...
Photonics Spectra, October 2005
Nanoparticle White-Light Emitter Based on Up-Conversion Demonstrated
Alternative sources of white light, such as LEDs and organic LEDs, are under investigation for applications ranging from the backlighting of displays to general lighting. Now scientists at the University of Victoria and at the University of British...
Photonics Spectra, October 2005
Patterned Metal Films Focus Surface Plasmon Polaritons
A team of investigators at the University of California, Berkeley, has demonstrated that circles and ellipses milled in silver films can focus surface plasmon polaritons. The development may enable the creation of ultrasmall integrated...
Photonics Spectra, October 2005
Photonics Measures the Quality of Automotive Paint
Some people like bright colors and high gloss on their cars for the appearance of cleanliness and newness. As a result, US automakers have used metallic paints for more than 50 years, enhancing gloss by incorporating tiny mirrorlike flakes of...
Photonics Spectra, October 2005
Quantum-Dot Films Display Strong Photoluminescence
A sol-gel fabrication technique developed at the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology in Ikeda, Japan, yields thin films of quantum dots that exhibit photoluminescent efficiencies comparable to that of semiconductor...
Photonics Spectra, October 2005
Research and Development of Left-Handed Materials Continues
Researchers are considering the optical equivalent of the Zen koan about the sound of one hand clapping. In optics, however, there’s a twist: It isn’t the use of two hands that is the norm. Typically, such widely used applications and components as...
Photonics Spectra, October 2005
Solid Immersion Microscopy Images Quantum Dots
Researchers at Boston University and at the National Institute of Standards and Technology in Boulder, Colo., have used a lens that increases numerical aperture with solid immersion microscopy to collect photoluminescence spectra from individual...
Photonics Spectra, October 2005
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