Definition of diode laser

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Photonics Dictionary

diode laser: A diode laser is a type of laser that uses a semiconductor diode as the active medium to generate coherent light. Semiconductor diodes are electronic devices that conduct electricity primarily in one direction and are commonly used in various applications such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs), photodiodes, and laser diodes.

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Key features and components of a diode laser include:

Active medium: The active medium of a diode laser is a semiconductor diode made of materials such as gallium arsenide (GaAs), gallium nitride (GaN), or indium gallium arsenide phosphide (InGaAsP). When an electric current is passed through the diode, it emits photons through the process of stimulated emission.

Cavity structure: Diode lasers typically have a simple cavity structure consisting of a semiconductor diode with reflective facets at both ends. One facet is highly reflective (the rear mirror), while the other is partially reflective (the output coupler).

Optical pumping: Diode lasers are usually optically pumped, meaning they are stimulated by an external light source or electrical current to generate laser emission. The injection of current into the diode raises electrons to higher energy states, resulting in the emission of photons as they return to lower energy states.

Wavelength selection: The wavelength of laser emission from a diode laser is determined by the bandgap energy of the semiconductor material and can be tailored by selecting appropriate semiconductor materials and doping levels.

Output power: Diode lasers are available in a wide range of output powers, from milliwatts to several watts or more, depending on the specific application requirements.

Compactness and efficiency: Diode lasers are compact, lightweight, and energy-efficient compared to other types of lasers. They have a high electrical-to-optical conversion efficiency and can operate reliably for long periods.

Diode lasers find applications in various fields, including telecommunications, barcode scanners, laser printing, laser pointers, fiber optics, materials processing, medical devices, and scientific research. Their compact size, efficiency, and versatility make them well-suited for both commercial and industrial use.

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Presented by Dan Courtney, Three Rivers Community College