Definition of metasurfaces

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Photonics Dictionary

metasurfaces: Metasurfaces are two-dimensional arrays of subwavelength-scale artificial structures, often referred to as meta-atoms or meta-elements, arranged in a specific pattern to manipulate the propagation of light or other electromagnetic waves at subwavelength scales. These structures can control the phase, amplitude, and polarization of incident light across a planar surface, enabling unprecedented control over the wavefront of light.

Key features and characteristics of metasurfaces include:

Subwavelength scale: Metasurfaces are composed of subwavelength-scale meta-atoms, typically much smaller than the wavelength of light they interact with. This enables precise control over the optical properties of the metasurface and allows for manipulation of light at the nanoscale.

Tailored optical properties: By designing the geometry, size, and arrangement of meta-atoms, metasurfaces can be engineered to exhibit tailored optical properties, such as anomalous refraction, polarization conversion, wavefront shaping, and spectral filtering. These properties can be customized for specific applications, including imaging, sensing, and beam steering.

Flat and thin profile: Metasurfaces are planar structures that can be fabricated on flat substrates, making them compatible with existing semiconductor fabrication techniques. Their thin profile allows for integration into various optical systems and devices without adding bulk or complexity.

Broadband and multifunctional: Metasurfaces can operate over a broad range of wavelengths and exhibit multifunctionality, meaning they can perform multiple optical functions simultaneously within a single device. This versatility enables compact and lightweight optical components with enhanced performance compared to traditional optical elements.

Tunable and reconfigurable: Some metasurfaces offer tunable or reconfigurable optical properties through external stimuli, such as electrical, thermal, or optical signals. This tunability allows for dynamic control of the metasurface's optical response, opening up new possibilities for adaptive optics and optical modulation.

Applications: Metasurfaces have numerous applications across various fields, including imaging, microscopy, holography, sensing, communications, and photonic integrated circuits. They enable the development of advanced optical devices and systems with unprecedented functionalities and performance.