The National Institute of Standards and Technology has released an upgrade to the NIST/EPA/NIH Mass Spectral Library, a database of “fingerprints” used to identify chemical compounds with mass spectrometry. Data version NIST 05 adds approximately 20,000 spectra, bringing the total number of compounds in the database to more than 163,000. The edition includes new gas-phase “retention index” data and more than 2000 tandem mass spectrometry spectra. Produced in collaboration with the Environmental Protection Agency and the National Institutes of Health, the spectral library is available with Version 2.0d of the NIST MS Search Program for Windows.