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Research & Technology News

2019 Nobel Prize in Physics Awarded
STOCKHOLM, Oct. 16, 2019 — The 2019 Nobel Prize in physics recognizes three individuals for their contributions to understanding Earth’s place within the known universe. Half the prize goes to astrophysicist James Peebles for his “theoretical discoveries in physical cosmology,” with the other half being shared by astronomers Michel Mayor and Didier Queloz for their “discovery of an exoplanet orbiting a solar-type star outside our solar system,” with the help of the ELODIE
New Lens Could Provide Thermal Imaging Capabilities in More Compact Camera
SALT LAKE CITY, Oct. 15, 2019 — University of Utah researchers have developed a new kind of flat optical lens that is much thinner and lighter than conventional camera lenses. While conventional lenses for smartphone cameras are a couple of millimeters thick, the ultrathin lens is...
New BPV System Flaunts More Power, Longer Life
BEIJING, Oct. 14, 2019 — A new biophotovoltaics (BPV) system developed by researchers at the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Institute of Microbiology has proven more powerful than any similar system. It also touts the greatest longevity. The new system is based on a...
Graphene-Based Measurement Technique Boosts Optical Resolution
GÖTTINGEN, Germany, Oct. 11, 2019 — Researchers at the University of Göttingen have developed a new technique that exploits the unusual properties of graphene to optically measure extremely small distances — to the order of one ångström — for the first...
AI-Powered Robot Could Improve Productivity, Reduce Defects in Optics Manufacturing
SINGAPORE, Oct. 11, 2019 — A robotics technology startup from Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (NTU Singapore), has introduced a new robot that can pick up delicate optical lenses and mirrors with care and precision, just like a human hand. Named Archimedes, the...
Inverse, Mie Scattering Techniques Advance 3D Metamaterial Design
SEATTLE, Oct. 10, 2019 — Using an inverse design approach, a team led by researchers at the University of Washington designed and tested a 3D-printed metamaterial that can manipulate light with nanoscale precision. Though the researchers chose a spiral helix pattern for...
Photoacoustic Technology Could Revolutionize Cancer Surgery
WATERLOO, Ontario, Oct. 8, 2019 — Researchers at the University of Waterloo in Ontario, Canada, have developed photoacoustic technology that can precisely locate and distinguish all of a cancerous tumor during surgery. This could help ensure that healthy tissue remains intact while...
Nanolaser Proves Fully Functional Within Living Tissue
EVANSTON, Ill., Oct. 8, 2019 — Researchers at Northwestern University have created a nanolaser that can be used in living tissues without harming them. Developed in conjunction with a team from Columbia University, the nanolaser can be 50 nm to 150 nm thick, which allows it to...
Spectrometer Measures Effects of Photon Momentum in Strong-Field Ionization
FRANKFURT, Germany, Oct. 7, 2019 — Einstein received the Nobel Prize for explaining the photoelectric effect — that, simply put, a single atom is irradiated with light. Einstein believed that light consists of photons that transfer only quantized energy to the electron of an atom. If...
Danforth Center Expands to Include New Lab, Technologies
ST. LOUIS, Oct. 4, 2019 — The Donald Danforth Plant and Science Center is accelerating its research and discovery with the expanded capacity of its integrated microscopy facility. Renamed the Advanced Bioimaging Laboratory (ABL), the facility will include high-resolution 3D...
AI, Deep Learning Allow More Accurate Eye Testing with OCT
BRISBANE, Australia, Oct. 4, 2019 — Researchers at Queensland University of Technology (QUT) in Australia are now able to analyze OCT images of the eye closer and more accurately than ever before. OCT is commonly used by optometrists and ophthalmologists to obtain cross-sectional...
Integrated Silicon Carbide Optical Switch Can Be Thermally Tuned
ATLANTA, Oct. 4, 2019 — Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology (Georgia Tech) have integrated a microheater and a microring resonator onto a silicon carbide (SiC) chip, creating a photonic integrated chip that can be thermally tuned by applying an electric signal....
Visible-Light-Activated Prodrug Can Combat Chemo’s Side Effects
HONG KONG, Oct. 4, 2019 — Many antitumor drugs used in chemotherapy move around in the patient’s blood after intake. Healthy cells may be killed along with tumor cells, causing undesirable side effects. To avert potential “collateral damage” caused by antitumor drugs, a...
Hybrid LED Could Power Li-Fi, Electrically Driven Lasers
NEW YORK, Oct. 3, 2019 — A City College of New York (CUNY) research team has demonstrated an LED based on half-light, half-matter quasiparticles in atomically thin materials. The device was fabricated using stacks of atomically thin semiconductor materials embedded in an...
Using Light to Optically Regulate Cell Fate for Regenerative Medicine
MILAN, Italy, Oct. 3, 2019 — Researchers at Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT) have shown proof of principle that optical modulation can be exploited to directly control the fate of a progenitor cell population to facilitate the formation of new blood vessels. The...
Crop Stress Managed with Machine Learning, UAVs, Hyperspectral Imaging
AMES, Iowa, Oct. 1, 2019 — Iowa State University scientists are developing a machine learning system that could automate farmers’ ability to diagnose a range of major stressors in soybeans. The technology will use cameras attached to unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to gather...
Hollow-Core Fiber Technology Shows Low Loss, Longer Transmission
SOUTHAMPTON, England, Sept. 30, 2019 — The Optoelectronics Research Centre (ORC) at the University of Southampton has further advanced hollow-core fiber technology, a potential alternative to traditional optical fibers. At the 2019 European Conference on Optical Communication in Dublin,...
Spectroscopy Technique Widens Spectra for Measuring Molecular Structure
TOKYO, Sept. 27, 2019 — Researchers at the University of Tokyo have combined two current spectroscopy techniques — infrared (IR) absorption and Raman scattering spectrometry — to create complementary vibrational spectroscopy. The new technique employs IR absorption and...
Machine Learning Helps Tune, Characterize Quantum Dots Quickly
OXFORD, England, and BASEL, Switzerland, Sept. 27, 2019 — Using a machine-learning approach, scientists from the Universities of Oxford, Basel, and Lancaster are automating the process of characterizing and tuning individual semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) for use as qubits. This machine-learning approach...
Machine Learning Speeds Metamaterial Design for Thermophotovoltaic Devices
DURHAM, N.C., Sept. 26, 2019 — A Duke University engineering team has used machine learning to design dielectric metamaterials that absorb and emit specific frequencies of terahertz (THz) radiation. Use of machine learning made it possible to calculate design requirements for the...
Light-Activated Hybrid Bots Drive Muscle Activity Through Nerve Cells
CHAMPAIGN, Ill., Sept. 25, 2019 — Researchers from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign have developed soft, microscopic, swimming biohybrid robots powered by skeletal muscle tissue that is stimulated by onboard motor neurons. The neurons have optogenetic properties...
High-Performance Organic Photovoltaic Cells Developed for Indoor Use
LINKÖPING, Sweden, Sept. 25, 2019 — Scientists from Linköping University, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the University of Science and Technology Beijing have developed organic solar cells that can convert ambient indoor light to electricity. Although the power produced by...
Quantum Foundry to Develop Materials for Quantum-Based Technologies
SANTA BARBARA, Calif., Sept. 24, 2019 — The University of California, Santa Barbara will be the home of the nation’s first Quantum Foundry, a center for developing materials and devices for quantum-information-based technologies. Research at the Quantum Foundry will focus on three...
Using Green Light to Synthesize Organic Compounds
YOKOHAMA, Japan, Sept. 23, 2019 — A team from Yokohama National University has developed oxygen heterocycles using green light as a photocatalyst. Their sustainable approach to developing these compounds could help organic chemists develop better drugs. Oxygen heterocycles are ring...
On-Chip Tunable Photonic Delay Line Could Help Miniaturize OCT Devices
NEW YORK, Sept. 23, 2019 — Scientists at Columbia University have developed an on-chip, tunable photonic delay line to miniaturize imaging technology. Using their on-chip technology to map the back of the eye, the researchers produced high-contrast OCT images and extended the...

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