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Research & Technology News

2D Material for Photodetectors Is Less Costly, More Sensitive Than Gold
PHILADELPHIA, Nov. 15, 2019 — Researchers at Drexel University are using MXene, a 2D transition metal carbide (Ti3C2), to fabricate photodetectors with improved sensitivity for substantially less cost. The researchers replaced gold, typically used in the fabrication of photodetectors because of its high conductivity, with a thin, transparent layer of MXene.
Inexpensive, Portable System Expands OCT's Reach in the Body
DURHAM, N.C., Nov. 15, 2019 — Researchers from Duke University have developed a way to use optical coherence tomography (OCT) in hard-to-reach areas of the body such as joints. The method may allow the technique to see use in further surgical and medical applications. The...
Interactive Hologram Uses Ultrasound Waves and LEDs
SUSSEX, England, Nov. 15, 2019 — Researchers at the University of Sussex have built a device that uses LEDs and ultrasound waves to levitate a polystyrene bead and create tactile, 3D holograms. The device, known as a Multimodal Acoustic Trap Display (MATD), maneuvers the 2 mm-wide...
Researchers Explore How Light Affects Circadian Rhythms in Insects
IRVINE, Calif., Nov. 14, 2019 — University of California, Irvine (UCI) researchers have explored how UV, blue, and red light affect the central brain neurons that allow circadian clock timing to be reset. The researchers found that blue and UV light create a sustained light...
Trapped Light in Anisotropic Cavities Could Lead to Optoelectronic Advancements
WARSAW, Poland, Nov. 14, 2019 — A research collaboration from Poland, the United Kingdom, and Russia has created a two-dimensional system in which they trapped photons. The system, a thin optical cavity filled with liquid crystal, was modified with an external voltage that caused...
Dairy Quality Check from Fraunhofer Delivers Results in Minutes
DRESDEN, Germany, Nov. 13, 2019 — In the project MOLOKO (Multiplex phOtonic sensor for pLasmonic-based Online detection of contaminants in milK), 12 partners from seven countries worked with the German research organization Fraunhofer to devise an expedited and inexpensive test for...
100 Years Ago, Elmer Imes’ Observations Informed a New Understanding of Molecular Physics
Nov 12, 2019 — One hundred years ago this month, physicist Elmer Imes published his dissertation, “Measurements on the Near-Infrared Absorption of Some Diatomic Gases,” in Astrophysical Journal. The paper provided the scientific world with the first...
Raman Scattering Helps Ensure Safety of Stem Cell Therapies
NEW BRUNSWICK, N.J., Nov. 12, 2019 — A research team at Rutgers University has developed a biosensor technology that could benefit applications for the treatment of neurological disorders through stem cell therapy. The hybrid biosensing platform consists of an array of ultrathin...
Metasurfaces Enable Low-Loss Integrated Photonics Platform
NEWARK, Del., Nov. 12, 2019 — A University of Delaware (UD) research team has designed an integrated photonics platform using metasurfaces. To limit the loss of data, the team fabricated a high-contrast transmitarray (HCTA)-based metalens on a silicon-based chip programmed with...
Optical Imager Could Help Diagnose, Treat Dry Eye Disease
LOD, Israel, Nov. 12, 2019 — A new, noninvasive optical imaging system promises to improve diagnosis and treatment for dry eye disease. Called the Tear Film Imager, the device has the ability to perform spectral measurements across a large field of view in a few seconds and can...
Photonic Crystals Show Fast Response Speeds
STATE COLLEGE, Pa., Nov. 11, 2019 — A technique to restructure liquid crystals could lead to the development of fast-responding liquid crystals suitable for next-generation displays and advanced photonic applications such as mirrorless lasers, biosensors, and fast/slow light...
Machine Learning Enhances Synchrotron Performance
BERKELEY, Calif., Nov. 11, 2019 — A team of researchers from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) and the University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley) have demonstrated how machine learning can improve the stability of synchrotron light beam performance....
Rewritable Optical Components Developed for 2D Lightwaves
CAMBRIDGE, Mass., Nov. 8, 2019 — A team from Harvard University’s John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS) has developed rewritable optical components for surface lightwaves. When a wave of light is confined on a 2D plane by certain materials, it...
Improved Holographic Printing Technology Creates Realistic Colorful Holograms
BORDEAUX, France, Nov. 8, 2019 — Researchers have developed a printer that is able to produce digital 3D holograms with an unprecedented level of detail and realistic color. The printer could be used to create high-resolution color re-creations of objects or scenes for museum...
Satellites Could Help Quantify, Monitor Ocean Carbon Levels
EXETER, England, Nov. 8, 2019 — Satellite-based Earth observation is key to globally monitoring oceanic carbon absorption levels, according to a study led by researchers at the University of Exeter. Satellites originally launched to study the wind also have the capability to...
Transparent Displays Become More Affordable, Flexible
WASHINGTON, D.C., Nov. 8, 2019 — Researchers from Zhejiang University in China and the KTH Royal Institute of Technology in Sweden report fabrication of meter-scale transparent conductive circuits based on silver nanowire networks, demonstrated in both rigid and flexible...
Light-Based ‘Tractor Beam’ Generated for Nanoscale Assembly
SEATTLE, Nov. 7, 2019 — Researchers from the University of Washington (UW) have developed a method that could make reproducible manufacturing at the nanoscale possible. The team adapted an existing technique pioneered by Arthur Ashkin, optical tweezers, to operate in a...
Commemorating 30 Years of Optical Vortices
CHANGCHUN, China, Nov. 6, 2019 — Thirty years ago, Pierre Coullet et al. proposed that a special optical field exists in laser cavities bearing some similarity with the superfluid vortex. This observation was the first indicator that optical vortices could exist. Since then,...
AI Improves Quality and Usability of Optoacoustic Imaging
ZURICH, Nov. 5, 2019 — In optoacoustics, image quality depends on the number and distribution of sensors used by the device; the more sensors and the more broadly they are arranged, the better the quality. To improve image quality in low-cost optoacoustic devices with...
Researchers Engineer Light-Activated Cells for Treating Diabetes
MEDFORD, Mass., Nov. 5, 2019 — Tufts University researchers have shown that glucose levels can be controlled in a mouse model of diabetes through optogenetics. When exposed to light, engineered pancreatic beta cells transplanted into diabetic mice produced more than two to three...
Bioinspired Sensor Uses Metalenses for Depth from Defocus
CAMBRIDGE, Mass., Nov. 4, 2019 — Researchers at the Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS) have developed a compact sensor that can measure depth in a single shot. The sensor’s design was inspired by the specialized optics of the jumping spider,...
Structured Light Could Increase Information Capacity
JOHANNESBURG, Nov. 4, 2019 — Researchers from the University of Witswatersrand (Wits) have reported on progress made in the use of structured light in quantum protocols to create a larger encoding alphabet. The researchers said that since patterns of light can be distinguished...
Advanced Microscopy Reveals Highest Potency of Cannabis
VANCOUVER, British Columbia, Nov. 4, 2019 — Research from the University of British Columbia (UBC) has revealed that a higher quantity of the microscopic, mushroom-shaped hairs that cover the marijuana plant are what determine the potency of the cannabinoid and fragrance. In a study published...
Light Irradiation Increases Charging Rates of Lithium-Ion Batteries
LEMONT, Ill., Nov. 1, 2019 — Researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Argonne National Laboratory have discovered a new mechanism to speed up the charging of lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles. By exposing the cathode to a beam of concentrated light...
Dynamic Speckle Patterns Detect Fires in Harsh Environments
KONGENS LYNGBY, Denmark, Nov. 1, 2019 — A multi-institutional group of researchers from Denmark and Norway has developed a laser-based system that can detect fires in challenging environments. The new system does not measure the amount of light or its wavelength, but rather how the...

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