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Research & Technology News

Electric field-induced Charging Could Improve Colloidal Quantum Dot Lasing
SINGAPORE, Dec. 5, 2019 — Researchers at Nanyang Technological University (NTU Singapore) have demonstrated tunable, controllable amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) in a colloidal semiconductor device via electric field-induced charging. Their work could open new avenues for achieving electrically pumped colloidal quantum dot (CQD) lasers. In experiments, the NTU scientists embedded CQDs between two electrodes to create an electric field to control and change the properties inside the CQDs. The researchers
Scientists Develop Photocatalyst that can Turn CO2 into Fuel
CHICAGO, Dec. 5, 2019 — In a recent study from the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Argonne National Laboratory, scientists used a photocatalyst largely made of copper to transform carbon dioxide (CO2) to methanol. The researchers used a photocatalyst made of...
Ozcan Labs, UCLA Publish Method on Machine Learning Using Continuum of Wavelengths
LOS ANGELES, Dec. 4, 2019 — A UCLA research team led by Aydogan Ozcan has been developing a diffractive deep neural network, a machine that combines optical diffraction deep learning with light-matter interaction. The goal for the team was to engineer diffractive surfaces that...
System Uses Artificial Intelligence for Placental Analysis
UNIVERSITY PARK, Pa., Dec. 4, 2019 — Placentas can provide critical information about the health of the mother and baby; yet, in the U.S., only about 20% of placentas are assessed by pathology exams after delivery. A new approach from researchers at The Pennsylvania State University...
Data on Laser-Plasma Instabilities Could Improve Fusion Experiments
ROCHESTER, N.Y., Dec. 3, 2019 — New research from the University of Rochester could lead to more accurate computer models for simulations of laser-driven implosions. Researchers at the the university’s Laboratory for Laser Energetics (LLE), along with their colleagues at Lawrence...
Hourglass-Shaped Silicon Photodiodes Provide Greater Sensitivity
POHANG, South Korea, Dec. 3, 2019 — A team of researchers from Pohang University of Science and Technology have developed near-infrared (NIR) photodiodes from silicon that are approximately one-third more sensitive than existing photodiodes. Existing NIR photodiodes are typically made...
Clear, Conductive Coating Could Protect Solar Cells, Display Screens
CAMBRIDGE, Mass., Dec. 2, 2019 — MIT researchers have improved on their initial version of a transparent, conductive coating material for solar cells and touch screens, producing a tenfold gain in its electrical conductivity. The high-performing, flexible material, an organic...
Harvard, MIT, Duke, US Army Team Up on Terahertz Technology
BOSTON, Dec. 2, 2019 — Researchers have created a new terahertz radiation emitter with coveted frequency adjustment capability. The compact source could enable the development of futuristic communications, security, biomedical, and astronomical imaging systems. The...
Let Them Eat Pie: Digging into Edible Optics
PITTSFIELD, Mass., Nov. 28, 2019 — The transparent pumpkin pie craze began in 2017 when chefs Simon Davies and Mike Bagale of cutting-edge three-Michelin-star Chicago restaurant Alinea created one using “molecular gastronomy,” a modern discipline which challenges the...
Plasmonics-Based Light Detector Could Support Precision Agriculture
DURHAM, N.C., Nov. 27, 2019 — A new, broad-spectrum photodetector that can be implemented on a single chip has been developed at Duke University. The photodetector spans a range of light frequencies by using on-chip spectral filters created with electromagnetic materials. The...
Tapered Optical Fiber Performs Multisite Photometry in the Brain
LECCE, Italy, Nov. 26, 2019 — Researchers from Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), the University of Salento, and Harvard Medical School have developed a light-based method to capture and pinpoint neural activity in the brain. The new method allows signals from various brain...
Electrode-Water Interface Produces Giant Pockels Effect for a ‘Liquid’ Light Modulator
TOKYO, Nov. 25, 2019 — A new type of light modulator could lead to a better understanding of how the Pockels effect occurs in different types of materials, making it possible to more fully explore its potential in optical applications. A team of scientists at the Tokyo...
Smart Microscope Teaches Itself Settings for Diagnosing Disease
DURHAM, N.C., Nov. 25, 2019 — Engineers at Duke University used machine learning to develop a microscope capable of adapting its lighting angles, colors, and patterns while teaching itself the optimal settings needed to complete a diagnostic task. In a proof-of-concept study,...
Collaborative Work Advances Quantum Sensors for Bio Applications
ROME, Nov. 25, 2019 — A research team at Università degli Studi Roma Tre has shown that quantum light can be used to track enzyme reactions in real time. The researchers developed a setup that allowed them to control the light at the level of a single photon. This made...
Event Reconstruction System Uses Smartphone Video to Locate Shooters
PITTSBURGH, Nov. 25, 2019 — A system that can accurately locate a shooter based on video recordings from as few as three smartphones has been developed by researchers at Carnegie Mellon University. The system, called Video Event Reconstruction and Analysis (VERA), uses machine...
Liquid Crystal Microlenses Enable 4D Imaging
NANJING, China, Nov. 25, 2019 — Researchers from Nanjing University have developed a portable, inexpensive, and easy-to-use microlens to acquire 4D images. 4D imaging provides 3D resolution as well as polarization information. Wei Hu, Yan Qing Lu, and colleagues used liquid...
Scientists Make Vampire Bats Glow to Simulate Vaccine Spread
ANN ARBOR, Mich., Nov. 26, 2019 — University of Michigan scientists and their colleagues used glowing fluorescent gel to test the potential effectiveness of vaccines to control rabies and other diseases in wild bats. The study, originally published in the journal Nature Ecology...
Microscope Lens Innovation Enables Simultaneous Imaging
THUWAL, Saudi Arabia, Nov. 21, 2019 — Researchers from King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) have designed a microscope lens that is able to take both quantitative phase images and bright-field images in a single measurement. Under the supervision of professor...
The Relightables System Captures Character Lighting for Virtually Any Environment
MOUNTAIN VIEW, Calif., Nov. 21, 2019 — Computer scientists at Google have developed a system for high-quality, relightable performance capture. The volumetric capture system, called The Relightables, can capture full-body reflectance of 3D human performances and seamlessly blend them...
Purdue Teams Unravel Mysterious Mediterranean Island
Nov 21, 2019 — Researchers from Purdue University’s College of Liberal Arts (CLA) and Lyles School of Civil Engineering have teamed up to explore the geography and artifacts from Dana Island, located off the southern coast of Turkey. The initiative follows the...
Photonic Accelerator Could Increase Computation Speed and Efficiency
HAMAMATSU, Japan, Nov. 19, 2019 — A new photonic integrated circuit device, developed by researchers in Japan, can be placed at the front end of a digital computer and optimized to perform specific functions with less power consumption than is needed for fully electronic devices....
Terahertz Laser Generated with Laughing Gas
CAMBRIDGE, Mass., Nov. 18, 2019 — Researchers from Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Harvard University, and the U.S. Army have built a compact device able to produce a terahertz laser that can be tuned over a wide range. The device was built with commercial off-the-shelf...
Photonic Cluster States Generated at Room Temps for Quantum Computation
KONGENS LYNGBY, Denmark, Nov. 18, 2019 — To observe quantum phenomena on a macroscopic scale, researchers at the Center for Macroscopic Quantum States (bigQ) and the Technical University of Denmark (DTU) created an extremely entangled quantum state, called a cluster state. The team’s...
Ghost Imaging Captures Clear Reconstructions of Moving Objects
CHANGSHA, China, Nov. 18, 2019 — Researchers at the National University of Defense Technology (NUDT) have used ghost imaging to capture an image of a moving object. The new method, which creates clear reconstructions by combining information found in the blurry images of a moving...
Search and Rescue May See Help from Swarms of Tiny Drones
DELFT, Netherlands, Nov. 15, 2019 — Researchers from Delft University of Technology demonstrated a swarm of tiny drones equipped with optical sensors that can explore unknown environments completely by themselves. The concept, inspired by insect swarms, relies on numerous inexpensive...

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