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Research & Technology News

Active Thermal Detection Could Broaden Use of Superresolution Techniques
DAEJEON, South Korea, Jan. 10, 2020 — Be it light, sound, or an electromagnetic wave, a probe beam operates the same way — the beam gets sent ahead and a wave of the same nature is reflected back. The absorbed energy is converted to heat, for which there has been no perceived use until now. Researchers at the Institute for Basic Science (IBS) theoretically showed that the temperature increase caused by a probe beam could be used to generate a signal for detecting objects. Further, this so-called active thermal detection
NIST Proposes New Definition for Optical Watt
GAITHERSBURG, Md., Jan. 9, 2020 — Researchers at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) seek to develop a more precise definition for the standard unit of light power, the optical watt. Instead of the current definition, which is based on comparisons to electrical...
Field Tests Measuring Solar Panel Performance Could Help Improve PV Technology
MÜLHEIM AN DER RUHR, Germany, Jan. 9, 2020 — In a series of field tests performed at the Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion (MPI-CEC), key parameters in solar panel performance were measured to gather data that can be used for choosing the most appropriate panel option for...
2-Photon Microscopy Shows Learning Involves Various Areas of Brain
BALTIMORE, Jan. 8, 2020 — To explore how learning and memory-building take place in the brain, scientists at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine used a laser-assisted imaging tool to monitor and measure levels of AMPAR molecules, which help send messages between...
Nano-antennas Developed for Data Transfer at Light Speed
WÜRZBURG, Germany, Jan. 8, 2020 — Researchers from the University of Würzburg have developed an electrically driven nanoscale antenna that generates directed infrared light. The technology could be used to exchange data between different processor cores with little loss and at...
Laser Pulse Creates Nonlinear Effects in Amorphous Dielectric Material
ATLANTA, Jan. 8, 2020 — A new, all-optical technique for creating second-order nonlinear effects in materials that normally do not support them could lead to new options for creating these effects for optical computers, high-speed data processors, and bioimaging. A...
Quantum Dots Deliver Vaccines, Encode Vaccination History in the Skin
CAMBRIDGE, Mass., Jan. 7, 2020 — Using fluorescent quantum dots, an MIT research team has created a way to administer vaccinations and record a patient’s vaccination history in the skin. The researchers developed a microneedle platform that can selectively deliver...
Osram, Rinspeed to Debut Modular Electric Vehicle at CES 2020
LAS VEGAS, Jan. 6, 2020 — Osram Opto Semiconductors Inc., a global high-tech lighting company, announced it is the exclusive lighting supplier for Rinspeed’s concept vehicle, MetroSnap, debuting at CES 2020. This is the fourth consecutive year that Osram has supported...
New Nano-Barrier for Composite Material Could Strengthen Spacecraft Payloads
GUILDFORD, England, Jan. 6, 2020 — Researchers at the University of Surrey have developed a robust nano-barrier for carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRPs) that could be used to strengthen and stabilize high-precision instrument structures for space missions. CFRPs are used in...
Chip-Based Optical Sensor Detects Cancer Biomarker in Urine
ENSCHEDE, Netherlands, Jan. 6, 2020 — Researchers from the University of Twente have used a chip-based sensor with an integrated laser to detect low levels of a cancer protein biomarker in a urine sample. The technology is more sensitive than previous designs and could lead to...
Ghost Imaging Speeds Up Superresolution Microscopy
SHANGHAI, Jan. 6, 2020 — Scientists from the Chinese Academy of Sciences have developed a new imaging technique that produces nm-scale resolution using significantly fewer images than traditional nanoscopy techniques. The scientists used ghost imaging to enhance the imaging...
Titan Enterprises Proposes Solution to Cooling World’s Most Sensitive Astronomical Camera
SHEFFIELD, England, Jan. 3, 2020 — Titan Enterprises Ltd., an international manufacturer of flow meters, has proposed an optical flow sensor technology to monitor the flow of coolant to the world’s largest optical telescope, the 10.4-m Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC). HiPERCAM...
Multiple Properties of Quantum Materials Probed Simultaneously at Nano Resolution
NEW YORK and SAN DIEGO, Jan. 3, 2020 — Researchers at Columbia University and the University of California, San Diego, have used a combination of measurement techniques to simultaneously examine the electrical, magnetic, and optical properties of quantum materials. The work was inspired...
Researchers Create 3D-Printed Glass with Complex Geometry
ZÜRICH, Jan. 3, 2020 — Researchers from ETH Zürich have developed a technique to produce complex glass objects with 3D printing. The method is based on stereolithography, one of the first 3D-printing techniques developed during the 1980s. The researchers developed a...
Silver Improves Lightweight Monograin Layer Solar Cells
TALLINN, Estonia, Jan. 3, 2020 — Researchers at Tallinn University of Technology (TalTech) have increased the efficiency of next-generation thin-film solar cells by partially substituting copper with silver in absorber material. A thin-film solar cell consists of several thin...
Quantum Sensors in Diamond Anvils Measure Materials Under Pressure
BERKELEY, Calif., Jan. 3, 2020 — To develop new, high-performance optical and electronic materials, scientists need to measure how material properties such as magnetism and strength change under extreme conditions. Diamond anvil cells have made it possible for scientists to safely...
Researchers Build Chip-Size Particle Accelerator
STANFORD, Calif., Jan. 2, 2020 — For the first time, scientists at Stanford University and the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory have created a silicon chip that can accelerate electrons using an infrared laser to deliver, at less than a hair’s width, the sort of energy...
Scientists Develop Spectrometer to Detect Molecular Signatures
MUNICH, Jan. 2, 2020 — Scientists at the Laboratory for Attosecond Physics (LAP) have developed a spectrometer for the analysis of the molecular composition of biological samples, capable of detecting minimal variations in the chemical makeup of organic systems. The...
Brain Integrates Natural, Artificial Vision to Treat Blindness
RAMAT GAN, Israel, Jan. 2, 2020 — Researchers from Bar-Ilan University and Stanford University have reported evidence indicating that the brain knows how to integrate natural and artificial vision while maintaining processing information important to vision. The research shows...
VTT Researchers Develop Optical Fiber Made of Cellulose
ESPOO, Finland, Jan. 2, 2020 — Researchers from VTT have developed a wood-based optical fiber. The fiber, made from cellulose, is suited for sensors that benefit from biodegradability. In the future, optical cellulose fiber may allow detecting changes in the moisture level of...
Neural Networks Train Lasers to Spot Space Junk
BEIJING, Dec. 31, 2019 — A set of algorithms for laser ranging telescopes, developed by scientists from the Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping and the Liaoning Technical University, is improving the success rate of space debris detection in Earth’s orbit by...
National University of Singapore Develops Large-Area, Flexible NIR LEDs
SINGAPORE, Dec. 30, 2019 — A research team led by Tan Zhi Kuang from the Department of Chemistry and the Solar Energy Research Institute of Singapore (SERIS) has developed high-efficiency, near-infrared LEDs that can cover an area of 900 mm2 using low-cost solution-processing...
Chalcogenide Perovskites Show Promise for Optoelectronics Applications
BUFFALO, N.Y., Dec. 30, 2019 — A new barium zirconium sulfide (BaZrS3) thin film, developed by a team at the University at Buffalo, combines strong light absorption with good charge transport — two qualities that could be useful for optoelectronics applications such as...
In Vivo Imaging with FLIM Shows Effect of Experience on Neuronal Activity
JUPITER, Fla., Dec. 30, 2019 — Every day, the neuronal connections within our brains change depending on what we learn and experience in our daily lives. Specialized proteins, called activity-dependent transcription factors, activate genes within the cells of the brain to help it...
Researchers Develop Sub-Femtosecond Transportation for Electrons
KONSTANZ, Germany, Dec. 27, 2019 — A European team composed of researchers from the University of Konstanz, the University of Luxembourg, CNRS-Université Paris Sud, the Center for Materials Physics, and Donostia International Physics Center in San Sebastián, Spain, has...

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