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Research & Technology News

Cameras Record Object Density More Accurately
NOMI, Japan, July 29, 2020 — Crowd counting — the process of obtaining information on the density or number of objects such as vehicles or people — can benefit from the same deep learning techniques that have been used for image and video processing. Scientists at Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (JAIST), in collaboration with researchers at Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology (SIIT) in Thailand, developed a way to achieve higher performance in crowd counting by using a backward
Scalable Approach to Lidar Could Propel Autonomous Vehicles, Other Tech
BOULDER, Colo., July 29, 2020 — A silicon chip with a serpentine optical phased array (SOPA), developed by researchers at the University of Colorado Boulder, could improve the resolution and scanning speed of lidar systems while reducing bulkiness, making them scalable for a range...
Silicon CCD Camera Peers into Mid-Infrared
IRVINE, Calif., July 29, 2020 — Researchers at the University of California, Irvine used the nonlinear optical properties of the silicon (Si) chip in a Si-based camera to enable a mid-infrared (MIR)-specific response in the camera. Their method for detecting MIR images with a...
Fishbone Waveguide Design Flattens Dispersion, Expands Bandwidth of Frequency Combs
PARIS, July 28, 2020 — A waveguide design that could enable highly precise frequency combs has been created by a research team from the French Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris-Saclay University, and Zhejiang University. The team’s design produces...
Strain Engineering of 2D Materials Enables More Effortless Photodetection
WASHINGTON, D.C., July 28, 2020 — Using a 2D material and an approach it calls “strainoptronics,” a George Washington University research team created a photodetector that can operate with high efficiency at the wavelength of 1550 nm, a spectral region that offers...
Laser Irradiation Degrades Cellulose for Use in Biofuel
TOKYO, July 27, 2020 — A laser-based technique developed by a Japanese research team could make it easier to degrade the plant product cellulose, which is used to produce biofuel. The new technique is based on a type of laser called the infrared-free electron laser...
OCT Captures Optical Sections that Match Corneal Curvature
WASHINGTON, D.C., July 27, 2020 — A team from Paris’ Langevin Institute, a joint unit consisting of researchers from the City of Paris Industrial Physics and Chemistry Higher Educational Institution (ESPCI) and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), have...
Photonic Processing Unit Supports Light-Speed Machine Learning
WASHINGTON, D.C., July 24, 2020 — Substituting a photonic tensor core for existing digital processors such as GPUs, a pair of engineers from George Washington University (GWU) has introduced a new technique for performing high-level neural network computations. In the approach,...
Researchers Use Light and 3D Printing to Pump Life into Heart
MINNEAPOLIS, July 24, 2020 — Although it can be difficult to get heart muscle cells to propagate in large numbers, a team of researchers at the University of Minnesota has found a way to use 3D printing and light-induced excitation to create a living heart pump that has broad...
Hybrid Approach Enables Ultralow-Loss Integrated Photonics for Lidar
LAUSANNE, Switzerland, July 23, 2020 — Researchers at École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) and Purdue University demonstrated a hybrid approach to on-chip acousto-optic modulation by combining piezoelectric aluminium nitride technology with ultralow-loss...
Model Guides Precise Formation of Plasmonic Components
ST. PETERSBURG, Russia, July 22, 2020 — Using a real-time mathematical analysis model developed at ITMO University, scientists will now be able to manipulate the process of creating photonic and plasmonic components to produce the precise optical properties that are needed in a material....
Fraunhofer ILT Project Demonstrates Thulium Laser Welding
AACHEN, Germany, July 21, 2020 — Using a thulium laser, a team from the Fraunhofer Institute of Laser Technology (ILT) has developed an innovative process for producing the smallest weld seams in transparent plastic components. The development builds on the successful completion of...
Superresolution Microscopy Images Common Alzheimer’s Protein
LEUVEN, Belgium, July 21, 2020 — As superresolution microscopy has advanced, so too has scientists’ ability to dive deep into the neural network and the compounds that accumulate in conjunction with a variety of conditions. And a team at the VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain...
Device Produces Controllable Single Photons from Quantum Dots
DUBLIN, July 16, 2020 — For quantum computing applications, it will be necessary to control emissions from quantum emitters, or quantum dots (QDs), and to produce quantum entanglement of the emission from pairs of QDs. A new photon-emitting device developed at Trinity...
Improved Illumination Achieved Via Superresolution Microscope Design
LAUSANNE, Switzerland, July 16, 2020 — By increasing the uniformity of light dispersed across the field of view, a team of biophysicists from the Laboratory of Experimental Biophysics (LEB) at École Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne has successfully increased the size of images...
Funding Secured for Australian Quantum Science and Technology Research Projects
SYDNEY, July 16, 2020 — Two quantum science and technology projects are commencing in Australia, thanks to 1.5 million AUD in funding from an initiative of the New South Wales (NSW) Defence Innovation Network (DIN). The pair of projects includes an investigation into the...
Hybrid Process Integrates PIC with Artificial Atoms to Scale Up Quantum Chip
CAMBRIDGE, Mass., July 15, 2020 — MIT researchers have developed a way to manufacture and integrate artificial atoms with photonic circuitry to produce a quantum chip that could be used for large-scale quantum systems. Using a hybrid, modular approach, the researchers built what...
Computer Clock Synchronization Allows Optical Switching in Data Centers
LONDON, July 15, 2020 — A University College London (UCL) and Microsoft-led research team has introduced a new technique for simultaneously synchronizing the clocks of thousands of computers, in less than one nanosecond. The technique, which the team is calling...
Methodology Aids Microscopic Study of Fibrils in Molecules
ST. LOUIS, July 14, 2020 — Researchers from Washington University in St. Louis have found a mechanism to efficiently and accurately measure the point spread functions (PSFs) of the position of molecules, called variance upper bound (VUB). They believe this will someday aid...
T-Ray Camera Speed Boosted a Hundredfold
COVENTRY, England, July 14, 2020 — An international research team led by professor Emma Pickwell-MacPherson from the University of Warwick has reached a crucial milestone toward developing single-pixel terahertz imaging technology for use in biomedical and industrial applications....
‘Whispering-Gallery’ Effect Enhances Optical Pulses
GÖTTINGEN, Germany, July 13, 2020 — Researchers in Germany have proven that when electrons are grouped with an optical whispering-gallery mode (WGM) inside a tiny sphere, the resulting pulses gain strength, similar to how audio waves move in a dome. Thanks to the interchange of energy...
Microscopy Methods Combined to Achieve Molecular Resolution
WÜRZBURG, Germany, July 13, 2020 — An international team of researchers has combined superresolution microscopy method dSTORM with expansion microscopy to overcome a previous limitation of superresolution microscopy. Previously, nanometer resolution had only been a theoretical...
Bose-Einstein Condensate Formed in Record-Breaking Time
ESPOO, Finland, July 10, 2020 — Researchers at Aalto University and the University of Eastern Finland have created a Bose-Einstein condensate in femtoseconds (fs) — a record-breaking time for producing this state of matter. Bose-Einstein condensation is a quantum phenomenon...
Scientists Aim UVC Light to Stop Spread of SARS-CoV-2 Indoors
BARCELONA, July 10, 2020 — Experts in the fields of virology, immunology, aerosols, architecture, and physics surveyed the possible methods to prevent SARS-CoV-2 propagation in indoor spaces. Based on the survey results, they recommend the use of UVC light as a short-term,...
Spectral Mapping of Heart Tissue Could Help Improve Ablation Therapy
NEW YORK, July 10, 2020 — An ablation catheter incorporating near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy mapping was able to distinguish various tissue types in hearts donated from patients with cardiovascular disease. Using this optical mapping approach, the research team from...

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