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Research & Technology News

NIST’s Agricomb Measures Gas Emissions from Cows
GAITHERSBURG, Md., April 14, 2021 — The “agricomb,” an optical frequency comb developed by researchers from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), is able to measure gas emissions from cow eructation and flatulence. The device may as a result aid in the optimization of agricultural processes to reduce the production of heat-trapping greenhouse gases. NIST researchers, joined by a team from Kansas State University (KSU), set up the portable device adjacent to a beef cattle feedlot. The
Optical System to Identify Preterm Labor Receives Patent
MIAMI, April 13, 2021 — Jessica Ramella-Roman of Florida International University (FIU) received a patent for an optical technology designed to identify preterm labor. The patent is the culmination of years of research into polarized light and its utility in the study of...
Tissue-Integrated Microlasers Measure Beating Heart of Zebra Fish
ST. ANDREWS, Scotland, April 13, 2021 — An imaging method developed by researchers at the University of St. Andrews aims to overcome difficulties in analyzing and imaging the beating heart. Researchers integrated tiny lasers into heart muscle cells of live zebra fish to acquire...
New Phase in Optical Bose-Einstein Condensate Raises Quantum Communication Possibilities
BONN, Germany, April 12, 2021 — Led by University of Bonn professor Martin Weitz, researchers have observed a previously unknown phase transition in the optical Bose-Einstein condensate. The state is known as an overdamped phase, and it may be relevant for encrypted quantum...
Cuprous Iodide Film Shows Promise for Semiconductors, Optoelectronics
SAITAMA, Japan, April 9, 2021 — Physicists from RIKEN have taken a step to enhance semiconductor performance, developing a single-crystal thin film of cuprous iodide. The film is atomically flat and free of any defects. Conventional approaches for fabricating thin films of cuprous...
Reverse-Tapering Approach Links Structurally Dissimilar Optical Fibers
SHANGHAI, April 9, 2021 — A team of researchers from Fudan University has achieved robust mode matching between structurally dissimilar optical fibers, using a “reverse-tapering” approach to deliver ultralow-loss and high-strength fusion splices between standard...
Tunable Smart Surfaces Cover Visible Spectrum and Beyond
MANCHESTER, England, April 9, 2021 — Work from the University of Manchester outlines applications for smart surface technology that covers the entire electromagnetic spectrum, including the visible light region. Applications for the new optical devices range from next-generation...
Polymer Molecules Fluoresce After Chemical Adjustments
ZURICH, April 8, 2021 — ETH Zurich researchers have introduced a method that relies on chemical adjustments occurring in fluorescent organic polymer molecules to generate a broad palette of color. The approach is an alternative to mixing different molecules to achieve...
Single-Pixel Detector Classifies Images Using Diffractive Optical Network
LOS ANGELES, April 8, 2021 — A single-pixel machine vision framework leverages deep-learning designed optical networks to bypass the need for an image sensor-array or digital processor. The system, developed in the lab of UCLA Chancellor’s Professor Aydogan Ozcan, paves...
Simple Laser Delivers High-Dimensional, Quantum-Like Classical Light
CHANGCHUN, China, April 7, 2021 — An international team from China and South Africa used a laser to create an arbitrary dimensional light that team members characterized as “quantum like.” Using a simple laser commonly available in university teaching labs, the team...
Broadband MIR Source Facilitates Fiber Optic Sensors
TOKYO, April 6, 2021 — A light source that generates a highly stable broadband mid-infrared (MIR) beam in the wavelength range of 2.5 to 3.7 μm and that, in testing, maintained its full brightness due to its high beam quality supports the simplification of fiber...
EPic Research Team Develops Ultrathin Terahertz Sources
BRIGHTON, England, April 6, 2021 — University of Sussex physicists, led by Marco Peccianti, professor and director of the Emergent Photonics (EPic) Laboratory, developed an extremely thin, large-area semiconductor surface source of terahertz, composed of just a few atomic layers and...
Smart Glass Design Saves Power
KASSEL, Germany, April 6, 2021 — A design from researchers at the University of Kassel aims to decrease energy consumption for lighting and temperature technologies. The smart system uses micro-optical-electro-mechanical (MOEM) micromirror arrays to regulate and steer sunlight. The...
The Role of Cavitation in Glass Fracturing
BEIJING, April 2, 2021 — Wang Wei Hua’s group at the Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences investigated the role of cavitation in the fracture behavior of different types of glass in a study that could prove useful in developing stronger versions of...
Laser Cools Antimatter to Near Absolute Zero
VANCOUVER, British Columbia, April 1, 2021 — A custom-built laser has cooled antimatter to near absolute zero. The work, carried out by researchers with the CERN-based ALPHA collaboration, holds significant implications for the study of antimatter and its properties, and of foundational...
Gold Nanoparticle Plasmon Coupling Illuminates Thermal Sensing Possibilities
RALEIGH, N.C., March 31, 2021 — Researchers from North Carolina State University have described a method for achieving desirable optical properties by stretching shape-memory polymers embedded with gold nanoparticle clusters so as to alter their plasmon-coupling capabilities. The...
Intravascular Imaging Technique Characterizes Key Heart Attack Risk
BOSTON, Mass., March 30, 2021 — A Massachusetts General Hospital-based research team has introduced an intravascular laser speckle imaging (ILSI) technique that showed the ability to identify the distinct mechanical features of plaques that are most apt to rupture under the...
Production Method Reduces Photonic Chip Errors, Cost
EINDHOVEN, Netherlands, March 30, 2021 — Research from Eindhoven University of Technology has shown an improved method of constructing optical fiber arrays, which could significantly improve efficiency and lower the cost of developing photonic chips. The research specifically addresses...
Atomic Lattice Excitation Yields Understanding of Quantum Dots’ Limits
MENLO PARK, Calif., March 29, 2021 — At low energy levels, quantum dots are able to absorb light and convert it to a different color at nearly 100% efficiency. At higher excitation energies required for brighter screens and other technologies, the level of efficiency drops...
Light Delivers Hydrogen from Nonphotosynthetic Microorganisms
LISBON, Portugal, March 29, 2021 — A team in Portugal has introduced a method for the sustainable conversion of solar energy into hydrogen, relying on biohybrid systems — combinations of nonphotosynthetic materials, bacteria, and semiconductor nanoparticles. The ability of...
DNA Origami Supports Applications In and Beyond Life Sciences
REGENSBURG, Germany, March 26, 2021 — A European research team developed a dye- and DNA programming-based approach for counting molecules present within individual complexes. The approach supports biomedical and life sciences applications, as well as those involving OLEDs, solar cells,...
Fabrication Method Could Expand Perovskite Production
LOS ALAMOS, N.M., March 26, 2021 — A simple, synthetic process for fabricating stable perovskite solar cells has overcome a preventative challenge to large-scale production, and, as a result, to product commercialization. A team from Los Alamos National Laboratory and National Taiwan...
Optical Fiber Brings Universal Quantum Computing Closer
GAITHERSBURG, Md., March 25, 2021 — Physicists at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) measured and controlled a superconducting qubit using optical fiber, rather than metal electrical wires. The work moves toward a universal quantum computer capable of solving...
Microscopy Method Resolves Fluorescence at Nanometer Scale
GÖTTINGEN, Germany, March 24, 2021 — Researchers led by Stefan Hell at the Max Planck Institute (MPI) for Biophysical Chemistry and the Heidelberg-based MPI for Medical Research have developed a light microscopy method, MINSTED, that is able to resolve fluorescently labeled details...
Laser-based Photoacoustic Method Provides Subcellular Insights
HONG KONG, March 23, 2021 — City University of Hong Kong researchers developed a multiwavelength optical resolution photoacoustic microscopy (OR-PAM) system based on a single laser source. The system enables simultaneous multicontrast imaging of hemoglobin concentration, blood...

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