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Research & Technology News

Modified Antibodies Boost Photodynamic Therapy’s Efficacy
COLLEGE STATION, Texas, May 25, 2021 — Adding antibodies to photodynamic therapies can bolster their efficacy, according to research conducted by Texas A&M University and the University of São Paulo. The work reviewed the existing approaches to photodynamic therapies and provided a model to help expedite development of photodynamic therapies as a rapid response to emergent pandemics. In photodynamic therapy (PDT), photosensitizers composed of dyes and other light-reacting compounds are typically administered
Organic Optogenetics Tool Shines Light on Brain Communication
REHOVOT, Israel, May 25, 2021 — Light-sensing proteins called rhodopsins are used in optogenetics to control neuronal activity, but existing rhodopsins can have low efficacy, especially when they are used to control synaptic activity between neurons. A mosquito-derived rhodopsin...
3D-Printed Microlenses Correct Color Distortions in Small-Scale Images
WASHINGTON, D.C., May 24, 2021 — Researchers from the University of Stuttgart used a 3D-printing process called two-photon lithography to make highly precise lenses that are just a few micrometers in size and that reduce chromatic aberrations. The miniature lenses could be used in...
Ultrasensitive Detector Enables Lidar to Look Farther
AUSTIN, Texas, May 24, 2021 — A light sensor developed by the University of Texas at Austin (UT Austin) and the University of Virginia is able to amplify weak signals from far away with greater accuracy than current technology, giving autonomous vehicles a fuller picture of...
Camera System Combines Wide Field of View with High-Res Capture
TOKYO, May 21, 2021 — A hybrid camera system built by researchers at Shibaura Institute of Technology (SIT) combines wide-angle target monitoring with high-resolution image capture. The system detects indistinct target regions during omnidirectional viewing, and then...
Ultralow-Loss Mirrors Boost Spectroscopy, Detection
VIENNA, May 21, 2021 — Collaborators from industry and academia have demonstrated high-performance laser mirrors in the mid-infrared range that absorb fewer than 10 out of a million photons. The achievement, enabled by recent advancements in optical coating technology,...
Graphene-Based Josephson Junction Enables Single-Photon Detection
CAMBRIDGE, Mass., May 20, 2021 — Researchers at Raytheon BBN Technologies developed a method of single-photon detection based on a Josephson junction. The advancement, which is poised to spur development in sensor, communication, and quantum processing technology, features the...
Research Reveals Surprising Behaviors of Nanoparticles
ALBUQUERQUE, N.M., May 20, 2021 — A collaboration between scientists from the University of New Mexico, Los Alamos National Laboratory, and the Institute of Optics (Spain) has developed a framework that enables the efficient and simple description of the thermalization dynamics of...
Virginia Tech Receives $2.4M to Optically Measure Brain Activity
ROANOKE, Va., May 20, 2021 — Researchers at the Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine (VTCSM) received a $2.4 million National Institutes of Health grant to use optically pumped magnetometry to explore neural activity during...
'Edge-First Flying Doughnut' Rewrites Rules on Angular Momentum
COLLEGE PARK, Md., May 19, 2021 — Researchers at the University of Maryland have shown that photons in a vacuum can have orbital angular momentum (OAM) vectors that point sideways, at 90° to the direction of propagation. The discovery relies on a spatiotemporal optical vortex...
Integrated Approach Emits Quantum Light on Demand, at Room Temperature
STOCKHOLM, May 19, 2021 — An integrated approach that uses a single-photon emitter embedded in a photonic waveguide, developed by researchers at KTH Royal Institute of Technology, could enable the transmission of large-scale quantum information over fiber optic networks. The...
Interferometry Enables Measurement of Brain Blood Flow, Activity
DAVIS, Calif., May 18, 2021 — A spectroscopy technique developed at the University of California, Davis (UC Davis) is able to noninvasively measure brain blood flow and activity. The method, called functional interferometric diffusing wave spectroscopy (fiDWS), has the potential...
Ingenuity Flight Rendered in 3D
LA CAÑADA FLINTRIDGE, Calif., May 17, 2021 — NASA engineers have rendered the the Mars helicopter Ingenuity’s third flight in three dimensions. The footage offers new perspective and depth to the April 25 flight. The Perseverance rover recorded the flight with the zoomable dual-camera...
NASA Turns to Laser Communications System for Data Transfer Boost
GREENBELT, Md., May 17, 2021 — This summer, NASA will launch its Laser Communications Relay Demonstration (LCRD), setting the stage for high-speed transmission of data between planets. NASA missions have been using the same technology — radio frequency communications...
Optical Fiber-Based Probe Enables Phonon Imaging in 3D
NOTTINGHAM, England, May 17, 2021 — A University of Nottingham research team has developed a phonon probe device that can simultaneously access 3D spatial information and mechanical properties from microscopic objects. The probe operates at the GHz range of the acoustic spectrum. At...
Nitride-Based MicroLED Emits Pure Red Light
THUWAL, Saudi Arabia, May 14, 2021 — A microLED developed at KAUST is able to efficiently emit pure red light and could help in the quest to develop full-color displays based on a single semiconductor. MicroLEDs are a favored technology for next-generation displays, given their (small)...
Wavefront Flipping Could Boost Internet Speeds
ROCHESTER, N.Y., May 14, 2021 — A technique developed at the University of Rochester “flips” the optical wavefront of an image for both polarizations simultaneously, so that it can be transmitted through a multimode fiber without distortion. The research overcomes a...
Holography Method Creates Animations in Free Space
PROVO, Utah, May 13, 2021 — A holography technique developed at Brigham Young University enables the creation of light-based animations that can be seen with the naked eye, without a screen. Electrical engineering professor Dan Smalley and his team garnered international...
Light-Controlled Nanoparticles Support Noninvasive Nanomedicine
ST. PETERSBURG, Russia, May 13, 2021 — Scientists from ITMO University have developed a production method for bio-integrated optical nanomaterials based on Mie-resonant silicon nanoparticles. The nanoparticles used in the work are covered by biopolymer shells and can be controlled by...
Adaptive Optics Keep an Eye on Space Junk
CANBERRA, Australia, May 12, 2021 — Researchers at Australian National University (ANU) have employed an artificial guide star to bring objects orbiting Earth into focus. The approach may help mitigate risks from space debris. The guide star laser is a tool in adaptive optics, a field...
Hybrid Microscopy Method, AI Deliver Robust Images in Seconds
HEIDELBERG, Germany, May 12, 2021 — Scientists at the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) combined AI algorithms with light-field microscopy and light-sheet microscopy. The hybrid, AI-enhanced approach shortened the time needed for image processing — from days to...
4-channel Silicon Multiplexer to Advance Terahertz-Based Communications
ADELAIDE, Australia, May 11, 2021 — An ultra-small silicon chip called a multiplexer is poised to increase data processing speeds and the next generation of communications — 6G and beyond — as a result. The chip, developed by researchers from Osaka University and the...
Synapse-Like Phototransistor Enables Persistent, Low-Energy Optical Switching
GOLDEN, Colo., May 11, 2021 — Researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) created a phototransistor that allows long-lived persistent photoconductivity (PPC), which is a form of optical memory. The new structure is a...
Graphene-Based Tracking System Could Streamline Autonomous Vision
ANN ARBOR, Mich., May 10, 2021 — A real-time 3D tracking system developed at the University of Michigan may one day replace lidar and cameras in autonomous technologies. The system combines transparent graphene-based light detectors and advanced neural networks to sense and image...
Experimental Approach May Reveal Dark Matter’s Physical Traits
NEWARK, Del., May 7, 2021 — A multi-institutional collaboration of engineers has developed an experimental approach for the detection of dark matter. While scientists are sure that dark matter — which accounts for 85% of the matter in the universe — exists by its...

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