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Research & Technology News

Human Vision Simplifies Sensing Technique
BALTIMORE — A fluorescence detection method that uses the human eye as a key component promises to take fluorescence analysis out of the laboratory and into the field.Developed by scientists at the Center for Fluorescence Spectroscopy at the University of Maryland School of Medicine, the technology was detailed in the April 1 issue of Analytical Chemistry. The technique includes the use of polarizers, filters and a light-emitting diode (LED) or a laser excitation source. "It’s a very simple idea,"...
Hybrid Laser Expands Imaging Range
SAN DIEGO — There is potential for a laser that simultaneously produces output at multiple wavelengths in remote sensing, environmental testing and biomedical imaging. Such a device would be a boon for the military as well; applications such as surveillance and...
Interferometer Seeks Gravity Waves
Oct 1, 1999 — A team of researchers at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena used a laser interferometer to look for the gravity waves that Einstein predicted in his general theory of relativity. The instrument is a precursor to the national Laser...
Laser Missile-Jamming System Passes Tests
Oct 1, 1999 — A laser-based directional infrared countermeasures system that was demonstrated by Northrop Grumman Corp.’s Electronic Systems and Sensors Sector in Rolling Meadows, Ill., passed 10 hours of flight tests that simulated five missile defense...
Laser Optics Improve Gasoline Yield
ARGONNE, Ill. — Fluid catalytic cracking of oil feedstocks produces a large portion of the US gasoline supply. This process relies on dispersion-steam-assisted nozzles to atomize the feedstocks. Thus, optimizing nozzle properties, including the degree of...
Lasers Break an Optical Barrier
GÖTTINGEN, Germany — A team of researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry broke the theoretical minimum for resolution by a focusing light microscope. More than 100 years ago, Ernst Abbe laid down the law that the wave nature of light limits...
Lasers Jump-Start Catalytic Research
BERLIN — How do you study chemical processes that last only an average of 100 femtoseconds? And how do you ensure that you are observing just the effects of that particular activity?Researchers at the Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society solved...
MOEMS Advance
MAINZ, Germany -- MAINZ, Germany -- Researchers discussed developments and obstacles at the Third International Conference on Micro Opto Electro Mechanical Systems (MOEMS). Organized by the Institut fur Mikrotechnik Mainz GmbH, it highlighted growing applications,...
Monolithic Mosaic Gratings Are Ready for Subaru Telescope
Oct 1, 1999 — Richardson Grating Laboratory of Rochester, N.Y., completed the production of three mosaic diffraction gratings for the recently constructed Subaru telescope atop Mauna Kea in Hawaii. The monolithic gratings will operate in the UV, VIS and near-IR...
Multimode Fiber Transmits at 10 Gb/s and over 3000 m
Oct 1, 1999 — Separate tests performed on the 50-µm InfiniCor multimode fiber, which is produced by Corning Inc. of Corning, N.Y., demonstrated serial transmission at 10 Gb/s over 600 m and at Gigabit Ethernet speeds over 3000 m. The InfiniCor fiber is...
Optical Holes Produce Better Memories
PHILADELPHIA — With today’s technology, compact discs hold about 1 bit of information per square micron. Associate professor of physics Zameer Hasan and colleagues at Temple University have devised a way to increase this storage capacity by three orders of...
Optoelectronic Devices Go Organic
CAMBRIDGE, UK -- CAMBRIDGE, UK -- Light-emitting diodes made from organic polymers were first developed at Cavendish Laboratory a decade ago. Now researchers at Cavendish have taken this technology a step further. The light that is emitted from these devices is...
Piezoluminescent Skin Senses Stress
Oct 1, 1999 — Physicists in Saga, Japan, deposited a film on a ceramic substrate that emitted strong visible light when it was mechanically stressed. The researchers from Saga University and the Kyushu National Industrial Research Institute suggested that the...
Research Trio Demonstrates AlGaN Camera That Images in UV, Digitally
Oct 1, 1999 — North Carolina State University in Raleigh, Night Vision Laboratory at Fort Belvoir, Va., and the Honeywell Technology Center of Minneapolis have completed a demonstration of a semiconductor-based, digital ultraviolet camera. The device employs a...
Semiconductors Deposited in Fiber Preforms
Oct 1, 1999 — Researchers at Syracuse University have developed a technique that could lead to the production of more efficient optical fiber devices. They employed optical deposition to create fiber preforms with a semiconductor layer at the core-cladding...
Superradiant Scattering
CAMBRIDGE, Mass. -- CAMBRIDGE, Mass. -- Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology studied Rayleigh scattering off a Bose-Einstein condensate, an experiment that produced superradiant scattering. As described in the July 23 issue of Science, the...
Ultrathin Films Retain Bulk Properties
UNIVERSITY PARK, Pa. -- UNIVERSITY PARK, Pa. -- Polymer films less than 100 nm thick have molecular properties nearly identical to the same material in bulk, according to recent findings of a study published in the July 8 issue of Nature. The findings confirm that thin...
’Dark Beams’ Revealed
Sep 1, 1999 — Researchers have tried to demystify the presence of "dark beams," complex arrays that result from emissions of broad-area vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers. A team from Haifa University in Israel discovered that these dark spot arrays consist...
Array Speeds Protein, DNA Analysis
EDMONTON, Alberta, Canada -- EDMONTON, Alberta, Canada -- Researchers at the University of Alberta have developed a capillary electrophoresis system that can significantly speed protein analysis and DNA sequencing. Most commercial capillary electrophoresis systems have one...
Atom Detects Photon Without Destroying It
Paris -- Paris -- Catching light in a box has always been an alluring aspiration. Young children will slam the lid down on a ray of sunlight, hoping to capture its magic glow. The problem is, how do you know the light is in there if the lid is closed? And if...
Buckyball Emits White Light
Sep 1, 1999 — Unique C60 atom configurations known as buckyballs have attracted notice for their ability to quench light. Now a team of University of California researchers say they've discovered that buckyballs can also emit white light. The scientists added...
Chemical Laser Advances
CHAMPAIGN, Ill. -- CHAMPAIGN, Ill. -- Researchers at the University of Illinois have brought the chemical oxygen-iodine laser closer to the industrial market. A redesigned nozzle and nitrogen instead of helium as the buffer gas have made the device more efficient and...
CMOS Camera Won’t Be Blinded by the Light
DUISBURG, Germany — Photographers commonly find themselves in situations with too little or too much light. An inability to deal with changing brightness is a weakness of amateur and professional cameras.Cars could use recently developed CMOS imaging technology for...
Combined Spectroscopies Simplify Oil Detection
ERLANGEN, Germany -- ERLANGEN, Germany -- Mineral oils and fuels keep the world going, but they may also severely contaminate the ground and water. Laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy has become a reliable tool for detecting such contamination, particularly for in...
Grating May Improve Spectrometers
TROY, N.Y. — Spectrometer manufacturers seeking to reduce the size and cost of their instruments may benefit from an innovation utilizing microelectromechanical systems technology. InterScience Inc. has developed a compound optical grating that could provide...

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