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Research & Technology News

Lidar Satellite Will Analyze Forests
GAITHERSBURG, Md. -- GAITHERSBURG, Md. -- In September 2000, the Vegetation Canopy Lidar satellite is scheduled for liftoff on an Athena I rocket -- the first scheduled orbital launch from the Kodiak Launch Complex in Alaska. This satellite will provide direct measurements of forest canopy height, canopy vertical and spatial structure, as well as subcanopy topography, all of which are critical for land-surface and climate modeling. Bryan Blair, one of the designers of the satellite’s instrument package,...
Luminescence Aids Detection of Toxic Leaks
ARGONNE, Ill. -- ARGONNE, Ill. -- As a legacy to the uranium enrichment process that has provided nuclear reactor fuel since the 1940s, the US Department of Energy stores more than 700,000 metric tons of depleted uranium hexafluoride (UF6) in about 57,700 steel...
Military Laser Gets Ready for Industry
URBANA, Ill. -- URBANA, Ill. -- The chemical oxygen-iodine laser technology that is the basis of the US Air Force’s Airborne Laser aircraft could soon be harnessed for such commercial applications as dismantling and decommissioning nuclear power plants,...
New Laser Could Be Alternative to Laser Diode
MILAN, Italy -- MILAN, Italy -- Professor Cesare Svelto of the Polytechnic Institute of Milan has developed a high-power narrow-linewidth source that claims to outperform any device in its class. Svelto said the key to the new type of erbium-glass laser is highly...
New Laser Could Be Alternative to Laser Diode
LAPPEENRANTA, Finland -- LAPPEENRANTA, Finland -- The use of lasers for materials processing is on the rise in Nordic countries, demonstrated not only by an increasing number of installed high-power lasers, but also by a growing attendance at the biennial Conference on...
New Spectroscopy Technique Detects Trace Samples
GAITHERSBURG, Md. -- GAITHERSBURG, Md. -- A new approach to surface spectroscopy has proved 100 times more sensitive than current methods and may eventually be capable of identifying a strand of a deadly virus or a single particle of explosive residue. Spectroscopy in...
Nobel Prize Recognizes Ultrafast Revolution
STOCKHOLM, Sweden -- STOCKHOLM, Sweden -- The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has awarded the 1999 Nobel Prize in chemistry to Ahmed H. Zewail, a professor of chemistry and physics at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena. The award, which will be...
Nortel Has 6.4-Tb/s Optical Platform
Dec 1, 1999 — Nortel Networks Corp. of Paignton, UK, presented a scalable 40- to 80-Gb/s optical Internet platform during Telecom ’99 in Geneva. The system, which is designed to connect 2500 backbone routers on a fiber pair, supports up to 80 wavelengths...
Physicists Use Lasers to Achieve Fermi Degeneracy
BOULDER, Colo. — It was almost five years ago that Eric A. Cornell and Carl E. Wieman achieved Bose-Einstein condensation at the Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, cooling bosons to almost absolute zero. Now two other researchers at the same lab, which is...
Proteins Key to Plants’ Response to Light and Shade
Dec 1, 1999 — An international research team announced that it has identified the protein dynamics that control plants’ response to light and shade. The study, which appeared in the Oct. 7 issue of Nature, promises to lead to the engineering of more...
Proton Radiography Images Implosion
Dec 1, 1999 — A demonstration at the Los Alamos National Laboratory’s Neutron Science Center in Los Alamos, N.M., has left researchers confident of the application of proton radiography in the hydrodynamic analysis of nuclear weapons components. Phil...
Researchers Develop Electro-Optic Lightning Detector
HUNTSVILLE, Ala. -- HUNTSVILLE, Ala. -- Lightning strikes during space launch preparation can be very dangerous. Information provided by detectors can predict a lightning hazard, but time is of the essence. An array of 31 electrometers are in place at Cape Canaveral in...
Team Produces Tunable Solid-State Blue Laser
Dec 1, 1999 — In a collaboration between the City University of Hong Kong and Shandong University, both in China, scientists have produced tunable, continuous-wave blue light with a solid-state laser. The results of the study, which appeared in the Sept. 27 issue...
This Is Your Garden-Variety Laser
MORIOKA, Japan -- MORIOKA, Japan -- Next time you go shopping for a lasing medium, forget about rubies or sapphires or gases. Just go to the local supermarket and pick up some carrots, potatoes or peppers. Researchers at Iwate University are studying the use of...
Two-in-One Laser
MURRAY HILL, N.J. -- MURRAY HILL, N.J. -- Researchers at Bell Laboratories described in the Oct. 22 issue of Science a semiconductor quantum cascade laser that emits light at 6.33 or 6.5 µm with opposite bias polarities. Bell Labs’ parent company, Lucent...
Blue Laser Diodes Used in Spectroscopy
Nov 1, 1999 — A group at Bonn University in Germany has employed a laser spectrometer based on the InGaN blue laser diodes produced by Nichia Chemical Industries Ltd. in Anan, Japan. The device incorporated a turnkey commercial laser system developed by TuiOptics...
Cold War Images Aid Study of Antarctica
Nov 1, 1999 — The US National Imagery and Mapping Agency has released images taken of Antarctica’s McMurdo Dry Valleys region from spy satellites in 1975 and 1980. Researchers at the US Antarctic Program, an office of the National Science Foundation, will...
Illuminati Ponder the Future of Light
BOSTON -- BOSTON -- More than 200 people convened at Boston University recently to get a perspective on the future of photonics. The event was the third annual Future of Light symposium hosted by the school’s Photonics Center, a resource described by...
In Trace Gas Measurement, Bigger Is Not Better
Nov 1, 1999 — Chemists at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in Gaithersburg, Md., have developed a spectroscopy chamber for measuring trace gases that is 100 times more sensitive than previous models. Surprisingly, the new device is also...
Interplanetary Dust Is Deep Space Matter
Nov 1, 1999 — The infrared spectra of interplanetary dust collected in the stratosphere indicate that the particles are similar to the stuff of comets and protostellar clouds, according to an international research team that published its findings in the Sept. 10...
Ion Patterning Yields Distributed Feedback Lasers
Nov 1, 1999 — A research team from the Universität Würzburg in Germany and the Alcatel Corporate Research Center in Marcoussis, France, announced in the Sept. 13 issue of Applied Physics Letters a simplified technique for the production of InP-based...
IR Wavelengths Check Putting Greens
LINCOLN, Neb. -- LINCOLN, Neb. -- Golfers are never short of excuses when it comes to lackluster play, but blaming the greens may soon be a thing of the past. Engineers at the University of Nebraska have designed a device that uses IR wavelengths to determine...
Laser Technique Allows Noiseless Image Amplification
EVANSTON, Ill. -- EVANSTON, Ill. -- Investigators at Northwestern University have demonstrated that it is possible to enhance images of faint objects without introducing graininess. Prem Kumar, a professor in the department of electrical and computer engineering, and...
Laser-Cooling Measures Quantum-Mechanical
Nov 1, 1999 — A team of researchers at Stanford University in California have confirmed that the value of g, acceleration caused by gravity, is constant with respect to mass and size. The physicists employed laser cooling to construct an atom interferometer that...
Lasers Benefit Data Storage, Near-Field Optics
Nov 1, 1999 — According to researchers from Bell Laboratories in Murray Hill, N.J., lasers with a very small aperture promise to advance near-field optics and to enable data storage densities of more than 500 Gb/in.2, or 100 times the current densities. The team...

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