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Research & Technology News

Lasers Could Improve Drilling Safety
READING, UK -- READING, UK -- If you shake a bottle of cola and open it, you get a sug-ary mess. If you open a pocket of high-pressure gas in the borehole of an oil well, you get a catastrophic blowout. A laser-based technique proposed by scientists at the University of Reading, however, could prevent such accidents, saving the petroleum industry millions of dollars each year in damages and lost production. The sudden release of pressurized gas in a borehole spells potential injury to drillers, damage to e...
Mid-IR Detector Operates at Room Temperature
Oct 1, 2000 — A PIN photodiode under development in France at Thomson-CSF of Orsay and École Polytechnique of Palaiseau may challenge the place of thermal imagers such as microbolometers and pyroelectric devices in IR sensing applications. The researchers...
Moonstruck: Caught on Video
GRANADA, Spain -- GRANADA, Spain -- It’s difficult to catch a falling star, and even harder to photograph one, especially if the "star" you’re trying to capture is a meteoroid in the act of crashing into the moon. But Jose-Luis Ortiz and his colleagues at...
Pixel Pyramids May Improve LEDs
Oct 1, 2000 — A team from the University of California in Los Angeles believes that a structure of pyramid-shaped pixels may boost the lateral resolution of organic LED displays by a factor of three or four. Yang Yang and Shun-Chi Chang have described in the Aug....
Polymers Control Energy Transfer
LOS ANGELES -- LOS ANGELES -- Chemists at the University of California have demonstrated a means to control energy transfer in polymer semiconductors embedded in channels of nanoporous silica. Researchers are paying close attention to such conjugated polymer...
Researchers Investigate Laser Welding of Aluminum
COLUMBUS, Ohio -- COLUMBUS, Ohio -- Researchers are perfecting the laser welding of aluminum alloys to overcome a roadblock in the development of more fuel-efficient cars and trucks. Over the last decade, automotive manufacturers have used laser-welded sheet steel,...
Sputtering Promises Lower Temperatures, High Speed
FRANKFURT, Germany — If you are truly excited by optical production equipment, the biannual Optatec trade shows are the place for you. Nestled among this year’s surface generators, planetary polishers and OEM optical components was a new sputtering system from...
US Air Force Develops All-Gas Chemical Laser
Oct 1, 2000 — The Air Force Research Laboratory Directed Energy Directorate at Kirtland Air Force Base in New Mexico has developed an all-gas chemical laser that may eventually be used in the Airborne Laser and Space-Based Laser programs. The research lab’s...
Wafer Detects Harmful Bacteria
WEST LAFAYETTE, Ind. -- WEST LAFAYETTE, Ind. -- A multidisciplinary team at Purdue University is developing a method for detecting harmful bacteria using a silicon wafer coated with proteins. The researchers hope that the work will lead to a rapid, cheap, disposable means...
Waveguide Reveals Singularities
ENSCHEDE, Netherlands -- ENSCHEDE, Netherlands -- The optical equivalent of scanning tunneling electron microscopy promises to aid the design and analysis of photonic devices in telecommunications and integrated optics. Called a heterodyne interferometric photon scanning...
A Smaller, Cheaper Laser Achieves High Power
ASHKELON, Israel -- ASHKELON, Israel -- The trouble with high-power lasers is their size and cost. A 1000-W laser is typically about 1.5 to 2.5 meters long and weighs between 1000 and 1300 kg. A team including a scientist and five engineers claims to have resolved this...
Chirality Is Electronically Switchable
NEW YORK -- NEW YORK -- A copper-based molecule with electronically switchable optical properties promises improved display technologies and application as a switch in molecular electronics. The complex changes its apparent chirality when an electron is added...
Cornell Selected to Lead Mars Mission
Sep 1, 2000 — NASA has chosen Cornell University of Ithaca, N.Y., to provide the instrumentation and to lead the science team for its next surface mission to Mars, which is scheduled for launch in June 2003. The mission will feature an updated rover similar to...
Dusty Lab May Revolutionize LEDs
PRINCETON, N.J. -- PRINCETON, N.J. -- You may think that your cleanroom should be clean, but a serendipitous bit of grime that interfered with an experiment at Princeton University could lead to the production of cheaper, higher-quality LEDs. The accident occurred in...
Head Lice Fear the Dance Floor
NEW HAVEN, Conn. -- NEW HAVEN, Conn. -- To all you lice boning up on your disco moves: Don’t count on shaking your booty long. That black light coming your way is not for your dancing enjoyment, but for helping parents find and rub you out. Coupled with a shampoo...
Holography Offers New Opportunities
SAN JOSE, Calif. -- SAN JOSE, Calif. -- A picture may be worth a thousand words, but a hologram is worth many more. Independent projects at IBM’s Almaden Research Center and NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif., have demonstrated the use of...
Laser-Powered Chips Sample DNA
MONMOUTH JUNCTION, N.J. -- MONMOUTH JUNCTION, N.J. -- A technology using light-activated microtransponders to achieve inexpensive, high-throughput immunoassays or DNA probe assays is under development at PharmaSeq Inc. Promising flow cytometry rates, the technique may be able...
Lasers Help Power Companies Find Good Vibrations
ATLANTA -- ATLANTA -- Electric power companies may soon have a faster, safer and more effi-cient means for checking the wooden crossarms that support many high-voltage transmission power lines: a helicopter-mounted HeNe laser beam. Power companies now conduct...
Low-Cost Night-Vision System Proposed for Home Use
Sep 1, 2000 — In a study published in the June issue of Optical Engineering, scientists at National Chiao Tung University in Hsinchu, Taiwan, described the feasibility of fabricating a low-resolution thermal imaging system that the average homeowner could use for...
Lucent Developing Plastic Fiber
Sep 1, 2000 — Lucent Technologies Inc. of Murray Hill, N.J., has announced plans to develop graded-index plastic optical fiber products based on the Cytop fluoropolymer produced by Asahi Glass Co. Ltd. of Tokyo. The product line will target specialty fiber...
Microchip Laser Aims at Argon-Ions
ORLANDO, Fla. -- ORLANDO, Fla. -- A microchip laser developed as a compact excitation source for Raman spectroscopy should have laser manufacturers green with envy. The 532-nm laser produces 8 mW, and it may evolve into a suitable replacement for solid-state and...
Optical Bench Readied for NASA
Sep 1, 2000 — Composite Optics Inc. of San Diego has delivered the optical bench for NASA’s tropospheric emission spectrometer, scheduled for June 2003 launch aboard the Aura satellite. The company subjected the instrument structure to a series of shock and...
Pill-Size Camera Is Easy to Swallow
YOKNEAM, Israel -- YOKNEAM, Israel -- The concept may be a bit hard to swallow, but the camera isn’t. Given Imaging Ltd. has developed a capsule that provides high-quality video of the small intestine, an area that is otherwise impossible to image. The quality...
Scattered Light Finds Defects in Wires
MADRID, Spain -- MADRID, Spain -- Physicists in Spain and Argentina have developed a laser-based system designed to let makers of thin metallic wires detect and assess surface defects without shutting down the assembly line. The technique monitors the cone of light...
Scattering May Extend Laser Cooling
STANFORD, Calif. -- STANFORD, Calif. -- Laser cooling, also known as optical molasses, has found numerous scientific applications since its development 15 years ago, including the production of Bose-Einstein condensates, Fermi degenerate gas and more precise atomic...

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