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(9,092 items)
Research & Technology News
Space-Based Laser Boosts Power
Jun 1, 2000 — An April 24 test of the megawatt-class hydrogen-fluoride chemical laser known as Alpha increased the output of the device by approximately 25 percent and improved its beam characteristics. Alpha was built by TRW Space and Electronics Group of Redondo Beach, Calif., in 1989 as a test bed for the US Ballistic Missile Defense Organization’s Space-Based Laser program. Technicians removed Alpha’s clippers (the circular, gold fixture at their feet), which restrict the size of its...
Synchrotron Produces Femtosecond Pulses
Jun 1, 2000 — A team at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory’s Advanced Light Source in Berkeley, Calif., reported in the March 24 issue of Science that it had produced 300-fs x-ray pulses with the facility’s 1.5-GeV synchrotron. Improved designs...
Through the Left-Handed Looking Glass
SAN DIEGO -- SAN DIEGO -- Researchers at the University of California have constructed a breakthrough material that exhibits novel photonic properties. It puts into practice what scientists had previously only theorized: a left-handed material that reverses many...
Doped Pentacene Yields Efficient Plastic Solar Cells
MURRAY HILL, N.J. -- MURRAY HILL, N.J. -- Organic solar cells have a singular advantage over their inorganic counterparts: They are much less expensive to produce. Unfortunately, their application has been held back by lagging energy conversion efficiencies. Now, a team...
High-Power Lasers Do the Work of Four
May 1, 2000 — Santa Clara, Calif.-based Coherent Inc. has delivered prototypes of its proprietary optically pumped semiconductor lasers for testing in telecommunications applications, such as pumping erbium-doped fiber amplifiers. The 980-nm fiber-coupled devices...
Infrared Sensor Watches for Black Ice
CANBY, Ore. -- CANBY, Ore. -- Black ice is a tricky thing. You’re sailing down the freeway because everything looks fine, when suddenly the next curve you maneuver sends you into a spin. Now, an infrared temperature sensor promises to alert drivers to this...
IR Exposes Gas-Phase Metal Carbides
NIEUWEGEIN, Netherlands — Researchers have produced the first direct infrared spectra of the gas-phase metal carbide clusters Ti8C12 and Ti14C13. The vibrational spectra, which reflect the atomic forces that give a molecule its structure, support earlier conceptions of the...
Large IR Sensor Peers Deeper into Space
May 1, 2000 — A 2048 x 2048-pixel infrared sensor developed by the Rockwell Science Center in Thousand Oaks, Calif., is on its way to the University of Hawaii’s Institute of Astronomy in Manoa Valley, Oahu. The HgCdTe device, which is sensitive in the 0.9-...
Large Tiled LCDs Present Seamless Images
ENDICOTT, N.Y. -- ENDICOTT, N.Y. -- For years, manufacturers and research groups have struggled to develop effective large, flat screens. Although liquid crystal displays (LCDs) dominate the flat panel display market, large versions have been impractical. Rainbow...
Lasers Manipulate Condensate
GAITHERSBURG, Md. -- GAITHERSBURG, Md. -- Researchers at the National Institute of Standards and Technology have used lasers to write and then read quantum-mechanical phase patterns in a Bose-Einstein condensate -- an ultracold cloud of atoms that share the same quantum...
Light Drives Molecular Motor
GRONINGEN, Netherlands -- GRONINGEN, Netherlands -- Scientists at the University of Groningen and Tohoku University in Sendai, Japan, have used light to power one of the first working single-molecule motors. When irradiated with ultraviolet light, the molecule rotates...
Luminescent Materials Show Structure Damage
MALVERN, UK -- MALVERN, UK -- Flashes of light given off by crystals as they fracture may provide clues to structural problems in composite materials used on aircraft and racing cars. When combined with optical fiber and silicon photodiodes, triboluminescent...
Mongrel Particles Act like Bosons
SOUTHAMPTON, UK -- SOUTHAMPTON, UK -- Strange quasiparticles made of photons and electrons may lead to applications in quantum optoelectronics, including high-efficiency microlasers, optical amplifiers and switches. The particles, called polaritons, display properties...
One-Atom Maser Confirms Planck’s Theory
May 1, 2000 — Nearly a century after Max Planck explained changes in the spectra of hot radiating bodies in terms of quanta, a team from the Max Planck Institute for Quantum Optics and the University of Munich, both in Garching, Germany, have demonstrated the...
Polarization Rotator Puts New Spin on Fiber Bottlenecks
May 1, 2000 — Researchers at AT&T Labs of Red Bank, N.J., have demonstrated a free-space micromachined polarization rotator that they believe could solve speed limitations caused by polarization mode dispersion in vintage fiber networks. At the Optical Fiber...
Researchers Probe for Good Vibrations
MADISON, Wis. -- MADISON, Wis. -- Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have found that if one laser beam is a good research tool, two are even better. Working together, two infrared lasers can probe relationships between molecular vibrational states...
Satellite-Based Lidar May Help the Weatherman
MOUNT WASHINGTON, N.H. -- MOUNT WASHINGTON, N.H. -- Sending balloons into the upper atmosphere to get weather readings is decades-old technology. A team of researchers is working to improve weather forecasting with the development of a satellite-based laser system for...
Scientists Resolve Ionization Debate
FRANKFURT, Germany -- FRANKFURT, Germany -- Since 1983, physicists have argued over how intense laser beams can multiply ionized atoms. Three paradigms competed to fill the theoretical void. Now the work of two independent teams in Germany seems to have put the issue to...
Sensitization Produces High-Efficiency Organic LEDs
PRINCETON, N.J. -- PRINCETON, N.J. -- Organic LEDs promise much to the commercial display industry -- cool, low-voltage operation, smaller pixels, low cost -- but manufacturing difficulties and efficiency problems have prevented them from penetrating the market. A...
Smaller Chips See Larger Markets
May 1, 2000 — New complementary metal oxide semiconductor technology from Philips Semiconductor of Eindhoven, the Netherlands, is under development for low-cost video imaging applications. The company says its proprietary SeeMOS technology enables the production...
Acousto-Optics Detects Fluorescence
CHARLOTTESVILLE, Va. -- CHARLOTTESVILLE, Va. -- Capillary electrophoresis is fast becoming the preferred method for the separation of DNA, proteins and other molecules -- especially as it is performed on multichannel microchips. To induce fluorescence in these samples, a...
Acousto-Optics Detects Fluorescence
STUTTGART, Germany -- STUTTGART, Germany -- A team of physicists at the University of Stuttgart has captured time-resolved images of collapsing microbubbles in water. The researchers used a sensitive, high-speed streak camera to study the dynamics of the light and shock...
Advantages of Two-Photon Imaging
BUFFALO, N.Y. -- BUFFALO, N.Y. -- During the past decade, photon scanning tunneling microscopy has achieved resolution better than 100 nm, overcoming the optical diffraction limits. Recently, scientists at the State University of New York at Buffalo developed a...
Approaching Continuous X-ray Laser
BELLATERRA, Spain -- BELLATERRA, Spain -- A team of physicists led by Ramón Corbalán at the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona has developed a theoretical model that promises to meet one of the great challenges of modern physics: continuous emission...
Autonomous Robot Finds Meteorites
PITTSBURGH -- PITTSBURGH -- A four-wheeled robot named Nomad recently made history in Antarctica by autonomously searching for and classifying meteorites. The expedition was a collaboration between researchers at Carnegie Mellon University’s Robotics...
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July 2024
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