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Research & Technology News

Short-Pulse Laser Tested for Machining
Mar 1, 2001 — Bloomfield, Conn.-based DeMaria ElectroOptics Systems Inc. has reported the development of a 150-ns CO2 laser system for the electronics packaging and materials processing markets. The company developed the laser for remote sensing applications and expects to commercialize it in the near term. The system incorporates an electro-optic Q-switch and sealed CO2 waveguide technology. It produces pulse energies of 0.5 mJ and repetition rates of up to 100 kHz, which the company said translates into...
Silicon Advances as a Laser Material
POVO, Italy -- POVO, Italy -- One-quarter of the Earth is silicon. Microelectronic manufacturing techniques and the expanding capabilities of integrated circuits have made it even more ubiquitous. The demand for bandwidth and higher processing speeds is driving...
Spectroscopy Probes Behavior of Granular Flows
LOS ANGELES -- LOS ANGELES -- Foods, pharmaceutical powders and pills, minerals and ores, road and building materials. All are examples of granular materials that handling systems must smoothly transport without jamming. But no one fully understands the features...
Spray Lets Police Peek Through Envelopes
BETHESDA, Md. -- BETHESDA, Md. -- According to the FBI’s Bomb Data Center in Washington, nearly 30 percent of bombing incidents are hoaxes. Because one can never be too careful, investigators could use a tool that would enable them to inspect a suspicious...
T-Ray Laser Displays Mode-Locking
Mar 1, 2001 — Researchers from Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands, and the University of California and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in Berkeley, Calif., have reported mode-locked operation in a copper-doped germanium laser. The device,...
Thin Films Yield Pollution Sensor
CORK, Ireland -- CORK, Ireland -- A team of English and Irish researchers has developed a sensor that uses light to sniff out waterborne pollutants. The device, which is manufactured using standard semiconductor processing techniques, could be mass-produced for less...
Ultraviolet VCSELs Are on the Way
ALBUQUERQUE, N.M. -- ALBUQUERQUE, N.M. -- Ultraviolet laser sources are especially valuable because of their ability to excite fluorescence in molecules that do not react strongly in other spectral regions, including those molecules suitable for white-light...
Condensates Amplify and Slow Light
Feb 1, 2001 — Continuing investigations into the properties of Bose-Einstein condensates, a team at Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge has reported high gain and low group velocities in light injected into a dressed condensate. Previously, the...
Crystals Enable Wavefront Sensor
OSNABRÜCK, Germany -- OSNABRÜCK, Germany -- Because light interacts with the environment through which it travels, it is used to probe the characteristics of a wide variety of systems. Researchers collect the transmitted light and analyze intensity patterns and...
Entangled Quanta Beat Decoherence
LOS ALAMOS, N.M. -- LOS ALAMOS, N.M. -- As the feasibility of creating computers and communications systems based on quantum entanglement becomes clear, a problem remains: Environmental forces can disrupt their spooky nonlocal correlations. A team of researchers at Los...
External Gain Improves Tiny Laser
TAEJON, Korea -- TAEJON, Korea -- Because microcavity lasers are so small, they are extremely sensitive to perturbations, so it is difficult to pump the laser modes, for example, without degrading the microcavity. Now researchers from the Korea Advanced Institute of...
Interferometer Gauges Space
PASADENA, Calif. -- PASADENA, Calif. -- In the seemingly infinite universe, it is difficult to tell just how far that galaxy far, far away really is. Advances in stellar interferometry, however, promise astronomers a means to more accurately determine cosmic distances....
Interferometry Could ’See’ Black Holes
BOULDER, Colo. -- BOULDER, Colo. -- Few phenomena in the universe are as mysterious or as elusive as black holes, stellar remnants so massive that nothing, even light, can escape their gravitational pull. Now a research team from the University of Colorado and...
Laser Pulses Create Antimatter
Feb 1, 2001 — Applications that use positrons to probe the nature of matter currently rely on large, expensive accelerator facilities. In the Oct. 23, 2000, issue of Applied Physics Letters, a research team from Max Planck Institute for Quantum Optics and LMU...
LEDs Make Better Artificial Eyes
EDMONTON, Alberta, Canada -- EDMONTON, Alberta, Canada -- The circumstances surrounding the loss of an eye can be traumatic physically, but the trauma doesn’t end there. Besides learning to cope with the loss of a primary sense organ, people also worry about their...
Light Sensor Shepherds Plants
BILLERICA, Mass. -- BILLERICA, Mass. -- A plant with dry, yellow leaves is obviously unhealthy and usually beyond help. To minimize crop damage and loss, agricultural and horticultural producers are seeking a way to detect stress in plants before such visual clues...
Lucent Team Demonstrates Far-IR Laser Diode
MURRAY HILL, N.J. -- MURRAY HILL, N.J. -- For some time, laboratory spectroscopy has used long-wavelength infrared light to identify and characterize target molecules. The sources in the mid- to the far-IR that can excite the molecular modes are cumbersome, however,...
Mini Interferometer Analyzes Tiny Samples
LUBBOCK, Texas -- LUBBOCK, Texas -- As biochemical analyses become more critical to the understanding and treatment of disease, the need for rapid and inexpensive measurement techniques continues to grow. Miniaturization promises to deliver both for small-volume...
Mobile Raman Targets Chemical Spills
UPTON, N.Y. -- UPTON, N.Y. -- A few years from now, emergency personnel responding to a chemical spill at a train wreck may be able to breathe a little easier. Scientists at Brookhaven National Laboratory are testing a portable Raman spectroscopy system that will...
Photonic Crystal Laser Displays 1.6-µm Output
Feb 1, 2001 — Researchers at Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology and the Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute in Taejon have demonstrated room-temperature, continuous-wave lasing from a two-dimensional photonic crystal at 1.6...
Sensor Safely Monitors Fluid Levels
Feb 1, 2001 — A liquid-level sensor developed by Jonathan D. Weiss at Sandia National Laboratories in Albuquerque, N.M., eliminates the hazards of monitoring fluids in explosive environments such as fuel tanks. The sensor, which is an outgrowth of his fiber optic...
Shutters Flatten Beam Profiles
Feb 1, 2001 — Many laser beams have a Gaussian intensity distribution, so applications that require a flat profile demand techniques that broaden or shape the beam, but also that waste some of the initial energy or create interference in the output. Reporting in...
Single Molecules Produce Single Photons
TALENCE, France -- TALENCE, France -- Classically speaking, light is a wave. In quantum mechanics, however, it is both a wave and particles. Single photons, unlike the masses that pour out of a laser or most other light sources, exhibit discrete, or quantized,...
Two-CCD Technique Offers 3-D Images
REHOVOT, Israel -- REHOVOT, Israel -- A three-dimensional spatial reconstruction is necessary to understand molecular collisions. A CCD camera can recover two-dimensional information, but not three-dimensional, unless the time of impact is also known. Now researchers...
3-D Spectroscopy Probes Molecules
URBANA, Ill. -- URBANA, Ill. -- Researchers at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign are seeing what’s shaking -- literally. Chemistry professor Dana Dlott and fellow researchers John Deàk and Lawrence Iwaki are investigating how vibrational...

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