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Research & Technology News

Transport of Molecules Through Nuclear Pore Complex Shown for First Time
BERKELEY, Calif., Aug. 24, 2011 — The mechanism behind nuclear pore complexes — the cellular structures that control how materials move between the nucleus and the cytoplasm — has come more sharply into focus. Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs), which span the nuclear membrane in eukaryotic cells, play a fundamental role in many aspects of cellular physiology, including gene expression. Defects in NPC function are implicated in some autoimmune diseases, as well as leukemia and others cancers. Nuclear transport also...
Fluorescent Probe Finds S. Aureus Inside Infected Hearts
BOSTON, Aug. 23, 2011 — A novel imaging probe may make it possible to diagnose accurately a dangerous infection of the heart valves. Investigators at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) found that the presence of Staphylococcus aureus-associated endocarditis in a mouse...
Method Lops Years off Organic Semiconductor Development Process
STANFORD, Calif., Aug. 23, 2011 — Imagine if you could roll up an iPad — or any other tablet-esque display — like a yoga mat and tuck it into your back pocket or under your arm for ease of transport. Researchers at Stanford University and at Harvard University in...
Molecular Sensor Changes Color When Stressed
PHILADELPHIA, Aug. 23, 2011 — It is helpful — even life-saving — to have a warning sign before a structural system fails, but when the system is only a few nanometers in size, having a sign that is easy to read is a challenge. Now, however, a newly developed...
Tunable, High-Quality E-beams for Tabletop Accelerators
BERKELEY, Calif., Aug. 23, 2011 — A simple way to tune highly stable electron beams through a wide range of energies for tabletop accelerators has been discovered by researchers in the LOASIS program at the US Department of Energy’s Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. The...
Record Set for Cesium Atom Entanglement
COPENHAGEN, Denmark, Aug. 22, 2011 — A record for maintaining the entanglement of the spins of two gas clouds of cesium atoms for up to an hour has been set by researchers from Niels Bohr Institute (NBI) at the University of Copenhagen. Entanglement, a key component in quantum...
Spinning Fibers Produce Aligned Nanorods
CHAPEL HILL, N.C., Aug. 22, 2011 — A new way to align masses of gold nanorods could aid the development of potent biomedical imaging technologies. Aligning gold nanorods is important because the way they respond to light depends on the direction in which the particles are...
Magnetized Common Metals Refract Negatively
VIENNA, Austria, Aug. 19, 2011 — While it is generally believed that negative refraction cannot be achieved with natural materials, scientists at the Vienna University of Technology (TU Vienna) report that when common metals such as cobalt and iron are placed in a magnetic field,...
MIRI Emerges from Exhaustive Tests in UK Space Lab
OXFORDSHIRE, England, Aug. 19, 2011 — A pioneering camera and spectrometer for the James Webb Space Telescope has completed cryogenic testing during which the instrument’s Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) was exposed to the harsh conditions it will experience when it is launched...
OCT Distinguishes Between Low- and High-Risk Cysts
ANDOVER, Mass., Aug. 19, 2011 — Optical coherence tomography (OCT) can distinguish between pancreatic cysts that are at low risk for becoming malignant and those that are high-risk. Other optical techniques often fail to provide images that are clear enough to differentiate...
Biological Pacemaker Triggered by Light
STONY BROOK, N.Y., Aug. 18, 2011 — A new method of stimulating heart muscle cells could lead to the creation of pacemakers that are remotely controlled with low-energy light. Employing optogenetics, researchers at Stony Brook University introduced light-sensitive proteins into cells,...
Exciton Diffusion Explains Plastic Solar Cell Bottleneck
BETHLEHEM, Pa., Aug. 17, 2011 — Light-emitting excitons have been directly observed as they diffuse in the single-crystal organic semiconductor rubrene. The new technique, used at room temperature, could provide a better understanding as to why today's plastic solar cells aren't...
Nanostructured Glass Creates 5-D Computer Memory
SOUTHAMPTON, England, Aug. 17, 2011 — A new type of nanostructured glass that has been adapted into a five-dimensional optical recording device has been developed by researchers at the University of Southampton, who say that data stored on the glass will last forever. The...
Photonics Quality, Costs Top Concerns in SPIE Survey
BELLINGHAM, Wash., Aug. 17, 2011 — Quality, costs and intellectual property confidence rated high on the list of concerns for respondents to a photonics industry survey conducted by SPIE this spring. The survey was designed to provide input to the US National Academies’...
Attosecond Lasers Produce Electron Movies
CAMBRIDGE, Mass., Aug. 16, 2011 — Hoping to gain a clearer understanding of what happens during chemical reactions, a team of researchers is working to create a laser device that can release bursts of laser light to capture individual electrons as they orbit the nucleus — much...
Throwing Light a Curve in Real Time
BERKELEY, Calif., Aug. 16, 2011 — A new technique that dynamically controls plasmonic Airy beams over metallic surfaces is paving the way for fast, ultracompact communication systems and optoelectronic devices. When Airy beams — which travel without diffraction in a...
Tiny Mirrors to Help VIRUS Spot Trails of Dark Energy
SANTA ANA, Calif., Aug. 15, 2011 — Precision Glass & Optics recently delivered specialized optical mirrors for use in building VIRUS, a key instrument for the Hobby-Eberly Telescope Dark Energy Experiment (HETDEX), a $36 million project that will study dark energy, the force that...
Two Atoms Entangled Using Microwaves
BOULDER, Colo., Aug. 15, 2011 — For the first time NIST physicists have linked the quantum properties of two separated ions by manipulating them with microwaves instead of the usual array of laser beams. The development could pave the way for miniaturized, easy-to-commercialize...
Lensless X-ray Microscope Images Nanoscale Detail
SAN DIEGO, Aug. 12, 2011 — A new x-ray microscope that computes images using an algorithm rather than a lens is allowing scientists to see minute details at the nanoscale. The algorithm can convert the diffraction patterns of x-rays bouncing off an object, yielding images...
Plasmonic Nanowires Advance Optical Computing
TÜBINGEN, Germany, Aug. 11, 2011 — A technique that combines surface plasmons, useful for data transfer, with cold atoms that store data may enable the construction of optical and quantum computing devices. A Bose-Einstein condensate is applied to plasmonic nanowires. (Images:...
Pedal-Powered LEDs Light Up Bike Wheels
PITTSBURGH, Pa., Aug. 10, 2011 — A safety system for bicycle wheels that is illuminated by LEDs and powered by pedaling is the brainchild of two undergraduate industrial design students who wanted to make night riding more secure. (Image: Core77 Design Awards Website) ...
Turning Motion Capture Technology Inside Out
PITTSBURGH, Aug. 10, 2011 — In the film industry, traditional motion capture techniques use cameras to meticulously record the movements of actors inside studios, enabling those movements to be translated into digital models. But by turning the cameras around — mounting...
‘Invisible Sphere’ Solves Cloaking Problem
LONDON, Aug. 9, 2011 — An undergraduate at the University of St. Andrews has overcome a major hurdle in the development of invisibility cloaks — namely, the ability to move while cloaked — by adding an optical device into the cloak’s design that not only...
Robust Imaging Tool Boosts Biology, Materials Science
EUGENE, Ore., Aug. 8, 2011 — A novel imaging method developed at the University of Oregon may help researchers better understand and predict how nanometer-size pieces fit together into structures ranging from living cells to artificially fabricated devices. Coupling...
Visual Biochemistry Tracks Molecules in Action
HEIDELBERG, Germany, Aug. 8, 2011 — With more precision than ever, researchers can watch molecules move inside living cells, thanks to a new microscope developed at the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL). By combining light-sheet microscopy and single-molecule...

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