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Research & Technology News
Knotting Particle Defect Lines
WASHINGTON, July 6, 2011 — Loops and knots have been tied from microscopic topological defect lines that form when the ordering of a nematic liquid crystal is disrupted by the addition of colloidal particles. Knots and links of arbitrary complexity are created and reconfigured from topological defect loops in the particle-stabilized chiral nematic liquid crystal using laser tweezers. The laser-induced micro-quenches locally rewire the disclination loops and essentially change the topology of entangled nematic braids...
Lensless Camera Fits on the Head of a Pin
ITHACA, N.Y., July 6, 2011 — Like a Brownie camera for the digital age, a novel microscopic device developed at Cornell University fits on the head of a pin, contains no lenses or moving parts, costs pennies to make and could revolutionize an array of fields from surgery to...
Robots and Autopilots Could Use a Bird’s-Eye View
CAMBRIDGE, Mass., July 6, 2011 — New research on how birds can fly so quickly and accurately through dense forests may lead to new developments in robotics and autopilots. Scientists from Harvard University trained pigeons to fly through an artificial forest with a tiny...
Unique Luminescence Found in Nanocrystals
BERKELEY, Calif., July 6, 2011 — A fundamental principle of photoluminescence known as “Kasha’s rule” was broken by scientists at the US Department of Energy’s Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory when they created artificial molecules of semiconductor...
Nanowires Influence Direction, Intensity of LEDs
AMSTERDAM, Netherlands, July 5, 2011 — A new method for controlling the direction and intensity of LED light emission consists of growing partially emitting nanowires that form an ordered pattern, creating a "photonic crystal" that sends light in specific directions. Electron...
QDs Help Make Solar Fuel a Reality
MANCHESTER, England, July 5, 2011 — A solar-nano device is being created with the hope that it can harness the energy of the sun and convert it into a clean fuel alternative. Using quantum dots grafted with catalyst molecules, scientists are harvesting the sun’s energy to...
“Carpet cloak” hides more than its size implies
LYNGBY, Denmark – Optical cloaking is getting a boost from metamaterials in a new technology called “carpet cloaking,” which can conceal a much larger area than other cloaking techniques of comparable size. The new carpet cloak, based on an...
Droop root identified
SANTA BARBARA, Calif. – Nitride-based LEDs are efficient, nontoxic and long-lasting, but they are considered impractical for general lighting because of a drop in efficiency when operating at high power. And now we know why this happens. Researchers at the University...
Graphene optical modulators could speed communications
BERKELEY, Calif. – A new optical device that uses graphene to switch a light on and off could soon break digital communication speed limits. The switching ability is the fundamental characteristic of a network modulator, which controls the speed at which data packets...
Inkjet Printing Could Go Solar
CORVALLIS, Ore., July 1, 2011 — The next generation of high-performing, rapidly produced and cheaper thin-film solar devices could come courtesy of the common inkjet printer. "This is very promising and could be an important new technology to add to the solar energy field,"...
Laser sparks hope of reduced auto emissions
OKAZAKI, Japan – Automakers are now one step closer to replacing spark plugs for internal combustion engines with laser igniters for cleaner, more efficient and more economical vehicles. Lasers have been discussed as a promising alternative ignition source for...
Lens-free chip enables microfluidic integration
LOS ANGELES – A new lens-free chip and image processing algorithm combines optical sensors, holography and digital tomography to render high-resolution, high-contrast images while avoiding the limitations of lens-based optical microscopy. Developed by scientists...
Light triggers self-healing in polymer material
CLEVELAND – A polymer-based material that can heal itself when exposed to ultraviolet light for less than a minute has been developed for use in automotive paints, floor and furniture varnish, and more. The team involves researchers from Case Western Reserve...
Method increases green LED light output
TROY, N.Y. – In a step toward the development of LED televisions and displays, researchers have devised a method for manufacturing green-colored LEDs with greatly enhanced light extraction, internal efficiency and light output. Scientists at Rensselaer...
Model IDs Optimal Paths in Fiber Optic Networks
RALEIGH, N.C., July 1, 2011 — Fiber optic network designers need to find the most efficient way to connect distant phones and computers — a costly and time-consuming process. Now researchers have a model that they say finds optimal connections 10,000 times more quickly,...
New Facility Enables Microsystem Technology
DUISBURG, Germany, July 1, 2011 — A new method of producing miniaturized thermal imaging sensors promises to permit large-scale manufacturing of automotive safety devices. The technique, developed at the Fraunhofer Institute for Microelectronic Circuits and Systems (Fraunhofer IMS),...
Organic LEDs get chlorine boost
TORONTO – A simple chlorine treatment could improve organic LEDs (OLEDs), speeding up light display technology manufacturing. The new method also is easier and cheaper than current techniques. Prototype of large-area OLEDs fabricated using chlorinated indium...
Plasmonic resonances found in quantum dots
BERKELEY, Calif. – Until recently, plasmonic properties have been limited to nanostructures with interfaces between noble metals and dielectrics. But now researchers have discovered that plasmonic properties also can be achieved in quantum dots. Scientists at the...
Shedding Light on the Private Lives of Electrons
PRINCETON, N.J, July 1, 2011 — Using laser light, scientists have peered into the complex relationship between a single electron and its environment known as a Kondo state. The results not only yield insights into a long-standing quandary in theoretical physics but may also...
Terahertz invisibility cloak created
EVANSTON, Ill. – A new cloaking material can render objects invisible in the terahertz range. While the design does not create an invisibility cloak for the visible spectrum, it could have applications in diagnostics, security and communications. The cloak,...
‘Campfire Effect’ Observed in Blinking Nanorod Clusters
PHILADELPHIA, June 30, 2011 — When semiconductor nanorods are exposed to light, they blink in a seemingly random pattern, but when clustered together, the combined “on” time is increased dramatically, providing new insight into the mysterious blinking behavior. Many...
Pen ‘Writes’ Circuits for Flexible Electronics
CHAMPAIGN, Ill., June 30, 2011 — A pen with conductive silver ink that can write electrical circuits and interconnects on paper, wood and other surfaces is composing a whole new chapter in low-cost, flexible and disposable electronics. “Pen-based printing allows one to...
Synchrotron Imaging Shows How Folds Affect Graphene
BUFFALO, N.Y., June 30, 2011 — Synchrotron light sources have revealed electron clouds on the surface of graphene, showing how folds and ripples in the material can harm its conductivity. The research, scheduled to appear June 28 in Nature Communications, was conducted by...
AFM Forum to Focus on Materials, Life Sciences
ZURICH, Switzerland, June 29, 2011 — Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Atomic Force F&E GmbH and Asylum Research have announced the third Euro AFM Forum. The atomic force microscopy event will be held in Zurich from Sept. 7 to 9 at Science City on ETH...
ALICE to Accelerate Bioresearch
CHESHIRE, England, June 29, 2011 — Low-power terahertz rays have proven applications in both security devices and medical imaging, but now the effects of Europe’s most intense terahertz light source on human cells is being researched with the hope of triggering advances in...
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July 2024
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