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Research & Technology News

Cold Atoms in an Optical Lattice Simulate Graphene
ZURICH, March 15, 2012 — A tunable system of ultracold atoms was used to create a honeycomb-like structure similar to that found in graphene. The results may help identify the electronic properties of materials that have yet to be discovered.
Optical Clock Gets New Pendulum
BRAUNSCHWEIG, Germany, March 15, 2012 — An optical clock based on ytterbium ions is so accurate that, if such a timepiece were in use since the universe began, it would now only be off by about 30 seconds.
Optical Material Tailored from DNA
MUNICH, March 14, 2012 — Nanostructured materials built from artificial DNA molecules can modify light in very specific ways and could lead to the development of superlenses.
Controlling Weeds with Lasers
HANNOVER, Germany, March 13, 2012 — Weed growth can now be impaired using an exact carbon dioxide laser beam in the infrared range to destroy the plants’ sensitive growth centers, called meristems.
Fiber Laser Points to Woven 3-D Displays, Medical Tools
CAMBRIDGE, Mass., March 13, 2012 — A multidirectional fiber laser could herald flexible 3-D displays and medical tools that activate therapeutic compounds with bursts of light.
Two-Photon Lithography Prints in Fine Detail
VIENNA, March 13, 2012 — A new 3-D printing technology uses two-photon lithography to rapidly create detailed objects on the nanoscale. The technique, which is orders of magnitude faster than similar devices, opens up new areas of application, such as medicine.
Probe Method Reveals Rapid Phase Transitions
NASHVILLE, Tenn., March 12, 2012 — As materials undergo phase transitions, ultrafast “sonograms” are revealing the dynamic changes in trillionth-of-a-second intervals.
Tsunami Mapped with Laser Scanners
SENDAI, Japan, March 12, 2012 — Using eyewitness video and terrestrial lasers to map the March 2011 Tohoku tsunami that devastated Japan could produce flooding forecasts that influence future evacuation plans and building designs, helping to prevent future disasters from taking...
Femtolaser Pulse Creates 3-D Nanostructures
CAMBRIDGE, Mass., March 9, 2012 — A new fabrication process using femtosecond lasers creates 3-D nanostructures in materials, an essential step toward creating invisibility cloaks and other advanced materials that bend light in unusual ways.
Petal-Shaping Inspires Photopatterning Tool
AMHERST, Mass., March 9, 2012 — Drawing inspiration from nature’s ability to shape a petal, a new tool to manufacture three-dimensional shapes easily and cheaply was created using photolithography and printing techniques. The method could advance robotics, tunable micro-optics and...
Optical Chipset Transfers 1 Terabit of Information
LOS ANGELES, March 8, 2012 — A prototype optical chip that uses light rather than electrons sent over wires is the first parallel optical transceiver to transfer data at 1 Tb/s — the equivalent of downloading 500 high-definition movies.
Star Comb Joins Quest for Other Earths
GAITHERSBURG, Md., March 8, 2012 — A new laser frequency comb soon may be able to determine whether life on other planets really exists.
Sweet Spot Found in Organic Solar Cells
GAITHERSBURG, Md., March 8, 2012 — A better fundamental understanding of how to optimize a cell’s performance could bring organic solar cells a step closer to market.
Camera Captures Atoms Moving in a Molecule
COLUMBUS, Ohio, March 7, 2012 — Using ultrafast laser pulses to knock one electron out of its natural molecular orbit as a kind of "flashbulb" to illuminate molecular motion, a team from Ohio and Kansas state universities recorded the first real-time image of two atoms vibrating...
Spectroscopy Reveals Breast Tumors Early
WEST LAFAYETTE, Ind., March 7, 2012 — Mimicking living breast tissue through the new Raman-based imaging tool of vibrational spectral microscopy reveals subtle changes and can could help assess a woman’s breast cancer risk.
Lasers Cool Gas Clouds
COPENHAGEN, Denmark, March 5, 2012 — A new way to cool semiconductor membranes paradoxically uses lasers to bring their temperature down by heating them up, paving the way to efficient cooling of components for future ultrasensitive sensors and quantum computers.
Uncertainty in Quantum Measurements Reduced
ATLANTA, March 5, 2012 — In the weird realm of quantum physics, it is not possible to accurately specify the momentum of an object and its exact position. For decades scientists have been able to cheat this limitation through a process called “squeezing.” Now that process...
Workhorse Mars Imager Marks 10 Years
TEMPE, Ariz., March 2, 2012 — NASA’s Mars Odyssey orbiter has now been circling Mars for 10 years, and its main camera — the thermal emission imaging system (THEMIS) — has taken more than 45,000 images of the Red Planet.
2-million-degree matter reveals the structure of stars
MENLO PARK, Calif. – Using the world’s most powerful x-ray laser, scientists have created and probed a 2-million-degree piece of “hot, dense matter” in a controlled way for the first time. This is a significant step forward in understanding the most...
Amorphous silicon makes better optical fibers
COLLEGE PARK, Pa. – A first-of-its-kind technique deposits a noncrystalline form of silicon into the long, ultrathin pores of optical fibers, making more flexible and efficient fibers. This method uses high-pressure chemistry to make well-developed films and wires from...
Bioluminescence in Marine Bacteria Brought to Light
JERUSALEM, March 1, 2012 — Although it was known previously that many sea creatures glow — a phenomenon known as bioluminescence — the benefits of this biological light production have been unclear — until now.
Breaking wavelength limits enables chips with finer features
CAMBRIDGE, Mass. – A new way to break through wavelength-related limits to feature size in state-of-the-art silicon chips could enable further leaps in computational power. The microchip revolution has seen a steady shrinking of features on silicon chips, packing...
Lens Produces 3-D Images in Seconds
GLASGOW, Scotland, March 1, 2012 — An innovative confocal lens behind a new microscope produces results in seconds rather than hours and could dramatically accelerate drug development.
Masking moments in time by splitting light
ITHACA, N.Y. – A technique that employs a split-time lens to break light into its slower (red) and faster (blue) components creates a temporal gap, albeit at the picosecond timescale, engineers at Cornell University have reported. The optical fiber-based...
One-step process turns carbon fibers into graphene QDs
HOUSTON – Common carbon fiber can be turned into graphene quantum dots (QDs) in a one-step chemical process that is much simpler than established techniques. This discovery could prove useful for optical, biomedical and electronic applications. ...

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