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Research & Technology News

‘Hyper’ Ramsey excitation confirmed
BRAUNSCHWEIG, Germany – Shining laser light onto atoms and molecules is the best way to obtain precise information about their inner structure, but light above a certain intensity can fundamentally change their energy levels. A group in Germany has demonstrated how to prevent such “light shifts,” and their method could make optical atomic clocks even more accurate. Applying selected laser pulses to excite atoms allowed scientists at Physikalisch Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) to attain a ten-thousandfol...
BSI Presents Awards for Advances in Ultrafast Research
EAST LANSING, Mich., Feb. 1, 2013 — Dr. Jan Rothhardt and professor Georgios Alexandrakis will be recognized for their contributions to ultrafast research during an awards reception hosted by Biophotonic Solutions Inc. (BSI) during Photonics West 2013 in San Francisco.
CERN detector to measure supershort pulses
VIENNA – Conventional measurement techniques soon will be too slow to measure phenomena taking place on timescales faster than an attosecond. To measure such light pulses, scientists have proposed a method to create the world’s most precise stopwatch....
Defying expectations, x-ray laser supercharges atoms
MENLO PARK, Calif. – Using a single flash from the world’s most powerful x-ray laser, researchers have stripped a record number of electrons from xenon atoms, creating a “supercharged,” strongly positive state at energies previously thought too low....
Grad Student to Build Camera for Space Mission
GLENDALE, Ariz., Feb. 1, 2013 — An infrared and visible light camera system developed by a third-year graduate student at Arizona State University will launch on a space satellite to guide its trajectory and take images of a solar sail as it opens.
Mechanical oscillator transfers optical signals
EUGENE, Ore. – Suppose you needed two PCs to exchange information. The process would be relatively easy because they speak the same language. Between a PC and a Mac, however, you would need a middleman, although that problem is still relatively simple. But what if...
Metamaterials manipulate light on a microchip
UNIVERSITY PARK, Pa. – Controlling light on a microchip is no easy feat, but new theoretical designs for miniaturized optical devices made of metamaterials could make it a little easier. A unified theory from researchers at Penn State University combines metamaterials and...
Nanotubes on a Chip Simplify Optical Power Measurements
GAITHERSBURG, Md., Feb. 1, 2013 — A novel chip-scale instrument made of carbon nanotubes may simplify absolute measurements of laser power, especially the light signals transmitted by optical fibers in telecommunication networks.
Near-perfect optical absorber developed
CAMBRIDGE, Mass. – A tunable device coated with a film 100 times thinner than the wavelength of incident light absorbs 99.75 percent of a specific mid-infrared band on demand, potentially expanding thermal detection and energy harvesting applications. Designed by...
Raman researchers set a trap to cool ions
BANGALORE, India, and MAINZ, Germany – Trapping ions with cold atoms cools the ions and could lead to experiments that generate molecular ions at interstellar space temperatures. The traps also can store ions in a stable condition for longer periods than previously demonstrated. Methods...
Recipe for supercheap hydrogen: sunlight + water + rust
LAUSANNE, Switzerland – Water and rust can make supereconomical hydrogen from sunlight, a team from École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) reported recently. Researchers have been pursuing the conversion of solar energy into...
Theoretical calculation proposes using heat to power QCLs
INNSBRUCK, Austria – Heat generated in a quantum cascade laser (QCL) – something that normally causes the lasing to turn off – could actually be used to power the device instead, according to a theoretical calculation developed at the University of...
Tiny probes dramatically boost Raman signals
ST. LOUIS – Novel gold nanoparticles can goose the signal from Raman reporters, or molecules whose jiggling atoms respond to a probe laser by scattering light at characteristic wavelengths. The discovery could lead to better-targeted drug delivery and deeper...
Microimplant Controls Nerve Cells with a Laser
FREIBURG, Germany, and BASEL, Switzerland, Jan. 31, 2013 — A microimplant that can genetically modify specific nerve cells, control them with light stimuli and measure their activity simultaneously could pave the way for completely new experiments in neurobiology.
Next-Gen Solar Cells Trap Sunlight with Microbeads
OSLO, Norway, Jan. 31, 2013 — Silicon solar cells 20 times thinner than commercial ones were produced using 95 percent less silicon, reducing production costs considerably. The trick: Using a back sheet peppered with microbeads that trick light into staying longer within the...
Exotic Form of Silicon Improves Solar Cells
DAVIS, Calif., Jan. 30, 2013 — An exotic form of silicon may improve solar cell efficiency by as much as 70 percent, according to computer simulations conducted by an international team of scientists.
Laser Technique Unravels Spider Silk’s Mysteries
GLENDALE, Ariz., Jan. 30, 2013 — A noninvasive, noncontact laser light scattering technique may be the key to unraveling the secret behind spider silk’s strength.
SPIE Urges Photonics Community to Protect Horizon 2020 Funding
CARDIFF, Wales, Jan. 30, 2013 — A portion of the European Commission’s proposed €80 billion (about $108.5 billion) research and innovation budget for the Horizon 2020 program could be cut, and now SPIE is calling the photonics community to action, urging that the program’s full...
Nanophotonics Enables a New Kind of Optical Spectrometer
HUNTSVILLE, Ala., Jan. 29, 2013 — Combining nanophotonics technology with traditional optical spectroscopy has yielded a new kind of optical spectrometer with sensing and spectral measurement functions.
Progressive Optics Ends Vehicle Blind Spots
DAEJEON, South Korea, and PORTLAND, Ore., Jan. 29, 2013 — The progressive adaptive optics technology commonly used to correct nearsightedness and reduced focusing ability has now been applied to a prototype automobile side mirror that has no blind spots and that doesn’t distort images.
‘Li-Fi’ Could Unleash the Internet in Your Lights
GLASGOW, Scotland, Jan. 28, 2013 — Imagine simultaneously powering your laptop, displaying information and delivering Wi-Fi-like communications, all with the same LED technology used to illuminate your home. This radical, distinctive vision could soon be a reality with micron-size...
Arresting Epileptic Seizures with Fiber Optics
IRVINE, Calif., Jan. 28, 2013 — Unpredictable epileptic seizures can now be stopped in their tracks with a new approach that activates optical fibers implanted in the brain when a computer system detects a real-time seizure.
Single-Photon Detector Is On Chip
KARLSRUHE, Germany, Jan. 25, 2013 — By integrating single-photon detectors with nanophotonic chips, an international team of scientists has developed a way to reliably detect single photons for optical data transmission and quantum computations.
Nanolens Microscopes Detect Viruses Such as Flu
LOS ANGELES, Jan. 24, 2013 — As the flu spreads like wildfire across the US, quickly diagnosing patients with aches, pains, fever and chills has never been more important. A new optical microscopy method aims to do just that by using tiny liquid lenses that self-assemble around...
Thin-Film Solar Cell Efficiency Exceeds 20 Percent
DÜBENDORF, Switzerland, Jan. 24, 2013 — Thin-film solar cells on flexible polymer foils, based on copper indium gallium (di)selenide (CIGS), have set an efficiency record of 20.4 percent for converting sunlight into electricity.

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