Features | Photonics Spectra

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Features

During the middle of the Cold War, the United States military establishment became upset about the cost of infrared components. The military was going to need increasing numbers of large-diameter germanium components to control the 'smart' weapons it was developing. A mere handful of companies controlled the world supply of optical grade germanium, and their prices weren't as responsive to these pressures as the American military minds wished they would be. Wouldn't it be nice if infrared...

Photonics Spectra, December 1997

Fiber Lasers:

Ultrafast laser technology has seen revolutionary development in the last several years. As the technology has developed, so have commercial applications, prompting system developers to consider the needs of their industrial customers. Industry...

Photonics Spectra, December 1997

For High-Power Lasers, Thin Is Cool

High-power diode-pumped solid-state lasers promise to provide small, versatile, rugged light sources for applications from the factory to the cleanroom. Commercial devices that take advantage of the latest generation of high-power diodes can produce...

Photonics Spectra, December 1997

Microlens Arrays Sharpen the Details

As devices that employ photonics components shrink, optical engineers increasingly are turning to the smallest tools at their disposal, and when it comes to lenses, they face a bevy of choices. One recent trend is toward collections of tiny lenses...

Photonics Spectra, December 1997

Photonics Goes for the Gold

Locker-room quality control: Photonics improves athletes' performance When people use computers or audio equipment, ride cars and planes, or check out their groceries, photonics is there, making things run faster and better. That is becoming a fact...

Photonics Spectra, December 1997

Photonics Leads the Way to a Stellar Alignment

Stationed on 18-m towers in New York and California, a one-of-a-kind photonic device has played a crucial role aligning eight cylindrical mirrors and the telescope assembly for the Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility, NASA's newest space-based...

Photonics Spectra, December 1997

CCD Dynamic Range: Buyers Need Comparable Specifications

The dynamic range of a solid-state image sensor is one of the main characteristics if the device is used in high-end digital still photography. In video applications, the monitor or the human eye averages the noise from picture to picture. In a...

Photonics Spectra, November 1997

Diode Lasers Light the Way for Automotive Signal Lamps

The high brightness and directionality of laser light allow for the design of a new class of ultrathin, uniquely styled automotive tail lamps. These and other diode laser characteristics have driven the design of thin-sheet plastic optics. Halogen,...

Photonics Spectra, November 1997

Image Analysis:

With the increasing importance of quality control as a competitive tool, manufacturers are in constant search of technology solutions that will assist them in improving their production processes. In the lab, automated image analysis is rapidly...

Photonics Spectra, November 1997

Industrial Imaging Controls Laser Surface Treatment

Laser surface treatment comprises a family of high-power laser techniques that can improve wear, fatigue and erosion resistance of machine parts. These techniques are slowly moving from the research laboratory to the factory floor, but variations in...

Photonics Spectra, November 1997

Machining Lasers Find Niches by Solving Very Small Problems

The laser is no newcomer to the micromachining market, but it is becoming a truly enabling technology as it proves it can solve new problems in telecommunications, microelectronics, fiber optics, data storage, medical devices, instrumentation,...

Photonics Spectra, November 1997

Optical Security:

The computer, the boon of the modern age, has leveled the once stratified business world with the delicacy of a velvet-gloved fist. In this new world where information is king and transactional ease a must, risk management has become a balancing act...

Photonics Spectra, November 1997

Report should help insure optical supply

As insiders speculate whether the semiconductor industry will have enough CaF2 to meet the needs of deep UV lithographic systems, new information expected by the end of the year could provide the facts necessary to insure a sufficient supply of the...

Photonics Spectra, October 1997

Fiber-Coupled Raman Keeps Industry Under Control

Raman spectroscopy is fast emerging as a powerful online analytical tool. The worldwide market for process analysis instrumentation is between $2 billion and $3 billion a year. Photonic technologies have a small share in this market; however, its...

Photonics Spectra, October 1997

Gas, Solid-State Lasers Battle for Printers' Best Impressions

With annual revenues exceeding $300 billion, the printing industry is the third largest manufacturing business in the world. Several types of lasers play critical roles in this market, helping to transfer digital information from computer-generated...

Photonics Spectra, October 1997

High-NA Optics Push the Resolution Limits

Many demanding optics applications are steadily increasing performance goals for imaging, focusing and collimating systems. Microlithography and compact disk lens designs are among those that challenge optical designers to continually stretch the...

Photonics Spectra, October 1997

Lasers in lithography: A race against time

In the 1970s, the scientific community believed that optical lithography could not create microcircuits on semiconductors with features smaller than 1.25 mm. It was wrong. Today, with the help of excimer lasers and improved multielement lens...

Photonics Spectra, October 1997

Liquids and Gels Fill Gaps in Tricky Optical Designs

The physical and optical properties of liquids and gels make them ia naturali for solving problems in optics design applications. They can flow into the most difficult design situations, and optical-quality materials are available for many...

Photonics Spectra, October 1997

New lithography system shortens fabrication process

Instead of pushing to reduce the feature size on chips, one company is improving lithography by reducing the number of steps required to manufacture chip layers with non-critical dimensions, thereby shrinking the overall chip production time.

Photonics Spectra, October 1997

Scanners likely to overtake steppers

While thereis not a complete consensus, several experts including and Intel, the worldis largest chip manufacturer, say that step-and-scan lithography machines will likely usurp the favored-son status from step-and-repeat machines as wafer sizes...

Photonics Spectra, October 1997

Microspectroscopy:

Imagine watching a single chemical bond be created or broken, examining a crystalis molecular arrangement or seeing the molecular distribution of lipids, proteins, and minerals in clogged arteries. Increasingly, this is the kind of work that...

Photonics Spectra, September 1997

Military Nets:

The old saw, itoo much is never enough,i could be the credo of any soldier going into battle. Information is power. Advanced imaging systems and defense systems can produce information streams in the gigabits per second, pushing the electronic...

Photonics Spectra, September 1997

Motion Control:

Moving from one place to another, quickly and accurately, is the realm of motion control, and precise movements are key requirements of applications such as optical sectioning, critical dimension metrology, waveguide alignment and nearfield optical...

Photonics Spectra, September 1997

Optical Fibers Thrive on Hazardous Duty

For 25 years, the optical fiber was little more than a fancy telephone wire, but manufacturing engineers, materials researchers and military scientists around the world are starting to turn up the heat and pressure. In recent months and years,...

Photonics Spectra, September 1997

Photonics plays a role in all areas of military development: Sensing, Detecting the Enemy: Photonics Expands Strategic Vision

The greatest trick in any battle is seeing the enemy before they see you. Unlike radar and other active detection systems, optical detection is mainly a passive detection system, meaning that the act of detection does not emit a tell-tale sign to...

Photonics Spectra, September 1997

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