Features | Photonics Spectra

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Features

Modern-day military aircraft depend on a diversity of electromagnetic sensors to provide the pilot with unparalleled battle-space awareness and engagement opportunity. Reconnaissance, search and rescue, time vision navigation/evasion, target acquisition, target search and track, missile warning and terminal missile homing all use advanced sensors to provide tactical advantages. The latest generation of military aircraft relies heavily on multispectral sensors integrated within the flight- a...

Photonics Spectra, April 2000

Technology Close-Up:

With the availability of war-surplus night-vision viewers and the development of uncooled thermal infrared sensors, infrared imaging has moved to civilian applications. However, few technologists have a feel for its use in the field. The term "night...

Photonics Spectra, April 2000

There’s More than Money in that Pot of Gold

The 2000 Photonics Jobs & Salary Survey found that employees who have 10 to 20 years of experience earned, on average, $72,800. But salaries and stock options aren’t the only draw. Year-end bonuses, education packages for the kids,...

Photonics Spectra, April 2000

News Flash: Rekindled Waco Debate Prompts IR Test

The Branch Davidian compound near Waco, Texas, burned to the ground on April 19, 1993, marking the end of a 51-day standoff between members of the religious group and federal officials. What began as a raid by agents of the US Bureau of Alcohol,...

Photonics Spectra, March 2000

Photonics and Food: From Corn to Cupcakes

Photonics goes to work before the corn even begins to grow. For example, Dicky-john Corp., a farm equipment supplier in Auburn, Ill., makes an LED-based sensor that lets corn farmers know how many seeds they have planted. Dicky-john’s seed...

Photonics Spectra, March 2000

Photonics and Food: The Perfect Chocolate Chip Cookie

With advanced camera technology, faster processors and robust software, machine vision not only helps automate cookie production, but also can help soften the stamp of a factory line to produce a commodity appearing as coarse and genuine as the...

Photonics Spectra, March 2000

Photonics and Food: The Perfect Orange

In the real world, most citrus packers still inspect and grade fruit manually. Economic and technical considerations limit machine vision solutions at the component level. Thus, vision finds application only in large packing operations that are able...

Photonics Spectra, March 2000

Photonics and Food: Vision Shouldn't Blur Your Beer

A couple of bottles of beer between friends may give rise to some colorful reflections on life. Reflection, however, can pose problems for machine vision in beer bottling and other inspection applications. Photonics Spectra outlined a hypothetical...

Photonics Spectra, March 2000

Small Displays Loom Large

A wearable display could replace a laptop computer screen or serve as a mobile Internet browser, offering privacy, portability and hands-free operation. Although these and many other wearable display applications continue to excite the imaginations...

Photonics Spectra, March 2000

Technology Close-Up: Micromirrors Relieve Communications Bottlenecks

Information is the lifeblood of global commerce in the 21st century, and networks are its veins and arteries. But even the highest-capacity optical networks are subject to "thromboses" -- bottlenecks that thwart and complicate delivery of the...

Photonics Spectra, March 2000

Extreme Photonics: Mega Mirrors

When Mary Edwards wanted to look for interior flaws in the glasswork her colleagues were making, she took off her jewelry, removed her shoes and belt buckle, and emptied her pockets of sharp objects. The senior product engineer at Corning Inc. in...

Photonics Spectra, February 2000

Extreme Photonics: Repetition Rates

Ultrashort pulse generation was totally dominated by lasers that only highly skilled researchers could operate in well-equipped laboratories. The equipment was not suitable for industrial applications: Short-lived components such as carcinogenic...

Photonics Spectra, February 2000

Extreme Photonics: Ultrafast Lasers

The 1999 Nobel Prize in chemistry rewarded not only Ahmed Zewail’s pioneering work on ultrafast spectroscopy and femtochemistry, but also the entire field of ultrafast optics and femtosecond laser applications. In the last decade, pulse...

Photonics Spectra, February 2000

Extreme Photonics: Wavelength Measurement

Spectroscopists have long needed to measure and catalog the "exact" absorption wavelengths of atoms and molecules. But accurate wavelength measurement is not just for spectroscopy anymore. Two applications that require precise wavelength...

Photonics Spectra, February 2000

Photonics Design & Solutions: Medical Technology Borrows from Industrial Laser Systems

Just as cutting, welding and drilling are industrial applications, so are they medical applications. Lasers that enable machine tools also enable, in skilled hands, delicate surgical instruments. The laser’s industrial roots took hold long...

Photonics Spectra, February 2000

Technology Close-Up: Fast Cameras Meet the Need for Speed

Every weekend, all over the world, millions of people relax at home by watching televised sporting events. Often, slow-motion instant replay allows viewers to observe an event that was too fast for the eye to see, providing detail that may cause an...

Photonics Spectra, February 2000

Fiber Optics: Fiber Optic Amplifiers

Optical amplifiers will soon become smarter. To meet dense wavelength division multiplexing needs, erbium-doped fiber amplifiers boost optical signals across multiple wavelengths. As communications systems add more wavelengths, however, erbium-doped...

Photonics Spectra, January 2000

Fiber Optics: Integrated Optics

Integrated optics products that are finding widespread commercial application include lithium niobate modulators and passive waveguide devices using silica on silicon, ion-exchanged glass, or polymer on silicon material systems. Overall trends will...

Photonics Spectra, January 2000

Fiber Optics: Optical Fiber

As the technology of transmitting and receiving light continues to evolve and improve, so will the technology of designing new and improved optical fibers. A variety of optical fiber designs -- ranging from improved standard single-mode fibers to...

Photonics Spectra, January 2000

Fiber Optics: Passive Components

Since the mid-1980s, optical fiber has been the backbone of telecommunications networks. Companies that make system hardware for these networks have traditionally been large, established and well-known. At the heart of the technology, however, are...

Photonics Spectra, January 2000

Fiber Optics: Transmitting Photons

The number of companies claiming to be specialists in market forecasting for fiber optic communications should provide a clue to the immense size of this market. Stock analysts’ abrupt coverage of fiber component manufacturers offers another...

Photonics Spectra, January 2000

Imaging/Detectors: Camera-to-PC Interfaces

Machine vision providers are realizing the benefits of digital cameras with high resolution and frame rates, and they are migrating toward these higher-performance alternatives. As this happens, the need for more bandwidth to transfer the...

Photonics Spectra, January 2000

Imaging/Detectors: Catching Photons

When we try to capture and analyze light, we enter the realm of detectors and imaging technologies. Whether we hope to view images or count photons, we use devices that work by absorbing particles of light and turning them into information. If we...

Photonics Spectra, January 2000

Imaging/Detectors: CMOS Detectors

Complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) active-pixel image sensors have found application in areas such as videoconferencing, security surveillance and machine vision. Active-pixel CMOS devices use less power and cost less than traditional...

Photonics Spectra, January 2000

Imaging/Detectors: Infrared Imaging

Thirty years ago, the cost and complexity of thermal imaging made the technology feasible only for high-end defense and science applications. As we enter 2000 and look toward 2005 and beyond, infrared imaging will touch all corners of our lives,...

Photonics Spectra, January 2000

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