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5,268 terms
Photonics Dictionary
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RC
reaction chamber; resistance × capacitance
RDA
radar data acquisition
reactive evaporation
Reactive evaporation refers to a process in thin-film deposition where a material is deposited onto a substrate through evaporation, and chemical reactions take place during or after the evaporation...
reactor
In chemistry, a device in which a chemical reaction takes place. In electronics, a device that introduces reactance into a circuit.
read-out integrated circuit
A read-out integrated circuit (ROIC) is an electronic device used in imaging systems, particularly in infrared (IR) and other sensing technologies. It is designed to interface with an array of...
read-write capability
In an optical data storage system, denoting the optical head's ability both to record information and to detect it for playback.
reagent
A reagent is a substance or compound that is used in a chemical reaction to bring about a specific transformation or to detect the presence or absence of another substance. Reagents are employed in...
real holographic image
->
conjugate holographic image
Also known as real holographic image. The indistinct, highly distorted image produced on the side of the hologram closest to the observer, in addition to the primary image. When the location of the...
real-time processing
The ability of a vision system to interpret an image in a short enough time to keep pace with most operations.
rear facet monitor
A photodetector mounted in the same package as a laser diode that is positioned to monitor the output from the rear facet of the diode.
receiver primaries
Also known as display primaries. Colors formed by a television receiver that are of constant chromaticity and variable luminance, and that, mixed in certain proportions, form other colors. Red, green...
receiver
A detector and signal demodulator used in optical communications systems to receive a signal and often to translate it into an electronic signal.
reciprocal second (Hz)
The fundamental wavelength standard of time or frequency. An atomic standard, it is properly expressed as 9,192,631,770 times the frequency of the transition between the hyperfine structure levels of...
reciprocity failure
->
Bunsen-Roscoe law
The law stating that the amount of chemical change produced is proportional to the amount of light absorbed. Actually, the change is also dependent on the intensity of light -- a fact named the...
reciprocity law
With respect to photography, the law stating that the optical density of an exposed emulsion with standard development is a function of just the irradiance and the exposure times.
recombinase polymerase amplification
Recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) is a molecular biology technique used to rapidly amplify specific DNA or RNA sequences under isothermal conditions, meaning it does not require the...
recombination radiation
The radiation emitted in semiconductors when electrons in the conduction band recombine with holes in the valence band. If population inversion occurs between portions of the valence and conduction...
reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer
A reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer (ROADM) is a key component in wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) optical communication networks. It allows for flexible and dynamic routing of...
reconstruction diffraction efficiency
Holographic quantity expressed as the ratio of the reconstructed first-order image to that of the incident reconstructing beam.
reconstruction wave
The coherent wave used to play back a recorded hologram. It is identical to the reference wave used in the generation of the original hologram; part of it is diffracted by the recording medium and...
recording camera
A type of camera that incorporates a tiny mirror that oscillates in accordance with incoming signals. An illuminated slit is imaged by this tiny mirror on a moving ribbon of sensitized paper or film,...
recrystallization
The growth of particular grain fragments in a metal or alloy, at the expense of others, that occurs when the metal or alloy is severely worked, as by cold rolling. Recrystallization results in...
rectangular scanning
A two-dimensional scanning process, in which a slow sector scan, propagated in one direction, is superimposed at right angles upon a rapid sector scan.
rectification
A technique used in photogrammetry to ensure parallelism during projection printing. Failure to do this will change a rectangular image on a negative into a trapezoidal image on the print.
rectilinear propagation
Straight line travel. This denotes the fact that light travels in a straight line when traveling through a medium with a constant refractive index.
rectilinear scanning
The scanning of a region in a given sequence of slender, straight parallel strips.
rectilinear system
An optical system that is corrected for distortion and spherical aberration and therefore forms the image of a straight line as a straight line.
RED
radian energy distribution
red, green, blue
RGB stands for red, green, blue, which are the primary colors of light used in additive color mixing. The RGB color model is widely used in various electronic displays, such as computer monitors,...
redshift
The displacement of spectrum lines, as determined by the increasing distance between, and the relative velocity of, the observer and a light source, causing the lines to move toward the red portion...
reference white
The light from a nonselective diffuse reflector due to the standard illumination of the scene to be televised.
reflectance confocal microscopy
Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) is a non-invasive imaging technique that allows for high-resolution, in vivo imaging of biological tissues at the cellular level. It is particularly useful in...
reflectance estimate
The output of spectral channels written as an integral function of known solar irradiance, atmospheric transmittance and camera spectral responsivity, and the unknown spectral reflectance.
reflectance factor
Ratio of the directionally reflected flux to that reflected in the same direction by a perfect reflecting diffuser identically irradiated or illuminated.
reflected ray
The light ray leaving a reflecting surface, indicating the path of light after reflection.
reflected ultraviolet photography
A photographic method used to obtain an image of a subject by means of its reflectance of incident ultraviolet radiation. An ultraviolet source is used to irradiate the subject, while the reflected...
reflecting microscope
A microscope that uses a reflecting objective; often used with ultraviolet or infrared radiation.
reflecting prism
A prism having several plane polished surfaces, some to transmit light, some to reflect light, and some to serve both functions in succession. It acts generally as a group of plane mirrors held in a...
reflection
Return of radiation by a surface, without change in wavelength. The reflection may be specular, from a smooth surface; diffuse, from a rough surface or from within the specimen; or mixed, a...
reflection coefficient
Parametric measurement for elliptical fiber and cable expressed as a ratio of the two-directional flow of power through the cable at any chosen point.
reflection echelon
An echelon in which the dihedral angle between the faces of the groove is 90°.
reflection factor
->
reflectance factor
Ratio of the directionally reflected flux to that reflected in the same direction by a perfect reflecting diffuser identically irradiated or illuminated.
reflection grating
A reflection grating is an optical component that consists of a series of closely spaced, parallel reflecting surfaces or grooves. These grooves are typically ruled or etched onto a flat substrate or...
reflection hologram
A hologram that is illuminated by a source from the viewer's side.
reflection reduction coating
The thin, transparent film made up of specific substances applied to glass-air surfaces for the purpose of decreasing the amount of reflected light.
reflection x-ray microscopy
A means of high resolution study through the application of soft and hard x-rays onto a sample surface in order to obtain image information from 1-10 nm layers and surfaces. The x-ray source emission...
reflective spectroscopy
Reflectance spectroscopy is a technique used to analyze the reflective properties of materials across various wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum. By measuring the reflectance of light from a...
reflective
The term reflective is an adjective that describes the ability of a surface or material to reflect light or other forms of radiation. It implies the capability of bouncing back or redirecting...
reflectivity
The ratio of the intensity of the total radiation reflected from a surface to the total incident on that surface.
reflector lamp
A lamp used in projection that is made with a reflector built into the bulb, normally by coating a portion of its interior with a reflective material to ensure the reflector's optimum position in...
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Photonics Dictionary
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