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8,726 terms

Photonics Dictionary

electron microscope

A device utilizing an electron beam for the observation and recording of submicroscopic samples with the aid of photographic emulsions or other short-wavelength sensors. With the electron microscope,...

electron mirror

An electron instrument used to reflect an electron beam totally.

electron multiplication charge-coupled device camera

An EMCCD (electron-multiplying charge-coupled device) camera is a type of scientific camera specifically designed for low-light imaging applications that require high sensitivity and fast readout...

electron multiplying CCD

A CCD device in which a solid-state electron multiplying register has been added to the end of the normal serial register. The electron multiplying register allows weak signals to be multiplied...

electron optics

The control of free electron movement through the use of electrical or magnetic fields, and use of this electron movement in research investigation of electronic diffraction phenomena, directly...

electron power tube

An electron-beam tube with power-handling capability that is essentially based on controlled electron beams. Its control and screen grids are basically in alignment.

electron probe microanalysis

An analytical technique used to determine the nature of extremely small samples by forming the x-ray spectrum of the samples through excitation by a finely focused electron beam.

electron scanning

The deflection of a beam of electrons, at regular intervals, across a cathode-ray tube screen, according to a definite pattern.

electron speckle pattern interferometry

A method for detecting vibration amplitudes analogous to image holography, except that the film emulsion is replaced by a television target.

electron spectroscopy

The theory and interpretation of spectra produced by the electron emissions of substances after their irradiation by x-rays.

electron storage ring

An advanced magnetic device used in x-ray lithography to beam x-rays onto the surface of silicon wafers used for semiconductor circuits.

electron telescope

An instrument that serves to produce an enlarged electron image on a fluorescent screen by focusing an infrared image of a distant object upon a photosensitive cathode.

electron temperature

Approximation of a system of thermal equilibrium formed by the distribution of the kinetic energies of electrons in a gas discharge to which a temperature value is frequently ascribed. The average...

electron trapping optical memory

A method of erasable optical data storage in which information is stored by visible light, then read by illumination with an infrared source that returns trapped electrons to their ground state....

electron-beam drilling

The use of a tightly focused beam of electrons to drill minute holes in substances. The drilling is accomplished by the evaporation of the material in the desired circumference by the intense heat of...

electron-beam evaporation

A method of thin-film deposition in which electrons boiled off a heated cathode are used to melt the coating material. If a multipocket crucible is used, many materials can be processed at the same...

electron-beam film scanning

The method by which photographic film is scanned by an electron beam. One technique uses the uniform light of a television screen, focused by a lens onto the processed film, as a means of creating a...

electron-beam gun

1. A device generally used in a cathode-ray or camera tube to emit a stream of electrons moving at uniform velocity in a straight line. It consists of an emitting cathode and an anode, with an...

electron-beam lithography system

An electron-beam lithography (EBL) system is a sophisticated nanofabrication tool used in the semiconductor industry and research laboratories to pattern extremely fine features with sub-micrometer...

electron-beam recording

The recording of the information contained in a modulated electron beam onto photographic or silicon resin-coated materials. A direct recording method involves the passage of the recording medium...

electron-gun system

An electron-gun system is an assembly used to generate and control a focused beam of electrons. Electron guns find applications in various fields, including cathode ray tubes (CRTs), electron...

electronic band edge

The point at which short-wavelength transmission is cut off.

electronic band spectrum

The bands of spectral lines representing the electronic transition in a molecule.

electronic flash unit

A small xenon-filled tube with metal electrodes fused into the ends. The gas flashes brilliantly when a condenser is discharged through the tube. The duration of the flash is primarily dependent upon...

electronic line scanning

A method that uses electronic means to move the scanning spot along the scanning line.

electronic photometer -> photoelectric photometer

Also known as electronic photometer. A photometer with a photocell, phototransistor or phototube for measuring the intensity of light.

electronic shutter

A mechanical shutter that has had its timing escapement replaced with an electronic timing circuit. This circuit allows a wider range of exposure times, can be more accurate, and, placed in a circuit...

electronic video recording

A term applied to the recording of video images by means of magnetic tape or disc, so that the image's record can be played back in a video format at a later time.

electronic viewfinder

A small television monitor that replaces the reflex viewfinder in a television camera.

electronic windowing

In target tracking, a technique for speeding up the image processing by removing bunches of pixels that are outside the area of interest.

electronically controlled coupling

The use of an electric field or signal to couple a lightwave from one dielectric waveguide into another dielectric waveguide.

electronics

That branch of science involved in the study and utilization of the motion, emissions and behaviors of currents of electrical energy flowing through gases, vacuums, semiconductors and conductors, not...

electronoluminescence -> cathodoluminescence

Light produced when a metal is bombarded with high-velocity electrons causing small amounts of the metal to vaporize and emit radiation. Also known as electronoluminescence.

electrophoresis

The movement of particles or ions in a solution toward the electrode having the opposite sign because of the application of an electrical field.

electrophoretic display

An electrophoretic display, often referred to as an electronic paper display or e-paper display, is a type of electronic visual display technology used in electronic devices for the purpose of...

electrophotograph

The image formed in electrophotography.

electrophotography

The photographic recording of an image formed by the alteration in electrical properties of the sensitive materials and induced by the action of light.

electroreflectance spectroscopy

A type of electromodulation that measures changes in spectral reflectance.

electrosensitive recording

A technique that uses the passage of an electrical current through a recording medium to produce a permanent image on that medium.

electrostatic analyzer

A device that permits only electrons within a narrow velocity range to pass through it, while rejecting those above and below.

electrostatic charge

The effect produced by electrical charges or fields alone, without interaction with magnetic influence.

electrostatic deflection

The deflection of an electron beam by the action of an electrostatic field that has a component perpendicular to the direction of the beam.

electrostatic focus

The use of an applied electrical field to focus a cathode-ray tube's electron beam.

electrostatic image dissector

A nonmagnetic instrument utilizing an electrofocus and deflection tube with a photocathode for imaging purposes. The optical image is converted into a photoelectric output at the photocathode and is...

electrostatic lens

The electrical distribution that serves to influence an electron beam in the same way that an optical lens affects a light beam.

electrostatic printer

An instrument used to print an optical image on a specially treated paper. Light and dark portions of the original image are illustrated by electrostatically charged and uncharged portions of the...

electrostatic process

A process used in document copying and printing that involves the visible rendering of an invisible electrostatic image on a photoconductive material by its treatment with oppositely charged pigment...

electrostatic storage

Information storage on a dielectric medium that represents the data as those spots on the medium having electrostatic charges, forming an observable record of the data.

electrostatic tape camera

A camera that records its images electrostatically on plastic tape; used in situations where radiation would have an adverse effect on regular photographic film.

electrostatically focused image tube

An image intensifier that uses electrostatics to amplify and focus the electronic image.

Photonics Dictionary

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