Definition of near-infrared camera

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Photonics Dictionary

near-infrared camera: A near-infrared (NIR) camera is an imaging device designed to capture images in the near-infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum. The near-infrared spectrum typically extends from about 700 nanometers (nm) to 2500 nm, just beyond the range of visible light. Near-infrared cameras are equipped with sensors that are sensitive to light within this wavelength range, allowing them to detect and record near-infrared radiation.

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Near-infrared cameras have various applications across different fields:

Surveillance and security: Near-infrared cameras are used for nighttime surveillance and security applications because they can capture images even in low-light conditions where human eyes might not be able to see clearly.

Remote sensing and agriculture: Near-infrared cameras mounted on drones or satellites are utilized for agricultural monitoring, vegetation analysis, and environmental studies. Near-infrared light is strongly absorbed by chlorophyll, allowing these cameras to provide valuable information about plant health and growth.

Medical imaging: In medical imaging, near-infrared cameras can be used for non-invasive diagnostic techniques such as near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and diffuse optical imaging. These techniques utilize the ability of near-infrared light to penetrate biological tissues to measure blood flow, oxygenation levels, and tissue composition.

Material inspection and quality control: Near-infrared cameras are employed for quality control and material inspection in manufacturing processes. Near-infrared radiation can reveal hidden defects or differences in materials that are not visible in the visible spectrum.

Scientific research: Near-infrared cameras are used in scientific research for a variety of purposes, including astronomy, spectroscopy, and microscopy. Near-infrared observations can provide insights into celestial objects, chemical composition, and biological structures.

Near-infrared cameras are equipped with sensors specifically designed to detect near-infrared light, such as indium gallium arsenide (InGaAs) sensors or silicon-based sensors with extended sensitivity into the near-infrared range. These cameras may also incorporate filters or other optical components to enhance their performance for specific applications.