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Photonics Dictionary

image signal processor

An image signal processor (ISP) is a hardware component or subsystem in digital imaging devices responsible for capturing, processing, and enhancing images from a camera sensor. The ISP performs various tasks to convert raw sensor data into a high-quality image suitable for display or further processing. These tasks typically include:

Demosaicing: Converting the raw sensor data from a color filter array (such as Bayer filter) into a full-color image.

Noise reduction: Filtering out noise and artifacts from the sensor data to improve image quality.

Color correction: Adjusting color balance and correcting color distortions to achieve accurate color reproduction.

White balance: Adjusting the overall color temperature of the image to match lighting conditions.

Sharpness enhancement: Applying algorithms to enhance image sharpness and detail.

Exposure control: Adjusting exposure parameters such as brightness and contrast to optimize image visibility.

Image signal processors play a crucial role in digital imaging devices by processing sensor data in real-time or near real-time, enabling fast capture and high-quality output of images and videos. They are essential components in modern digital cameras, smartphones, surveillance cameras, and other imaging devices.
 
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